Changing epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in Australia 1994–2016

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Helen V Smith ◽  
Amy V Jennison
Keyword(s):  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Antimicrobial Treatment ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Vaccination Programs ◽  
Invasive Infections ◽  
Low Incidence

Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) has a relatively low incidence in Australia, however remains a serious public health issue, with a case fatality rate of approximately 10% despite antimicrobial treatment. IMD is particularly seen in young children, but can affect all age groups. The disease has non-specific early symptoms, rapid clinical progression mainly manifesting as septicaemia and/or meningitis, and has the potential for long term sequelae in the survivors, including skin scarring, amputation, deafness and seizures. There are 13 serogroups, although most invasive infections worldwide are caused by serogroups A, B, C, W, and Y, with some recent outbreaks in Africa caused by serogroup X. The prevalent circulating serogroups can undergo dynamic shifts, generating dramatic changes in IMD epidemiology. Such serogroup shifts have important ramifications for vaccination programs and constant surveillance is crucial.

scholarly journals Capture–recapture analysis to estimate the incidence of invasive meningococcal disease in Germany, 2003

2006 ◽  
Vol 135 (4) ◽  
pp. 657-664 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. SCHRAUDER ◽  
H. CLAUS ◽  
J. ELIAS ◽  
U. VOGEL ◽  
W. HAAS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Robert Koch Institute ◽  
Positive Dependence ◽  
National Reference ◽  
Reference Centre ◽  
Capture Recapture ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Disease Specific

SUMMARYThe incidence of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in Germany in 2003 was estimated by the two-source capture–recapture method. As a unique personal identifier was unavailable, cases with IMD tested at the National Reference Centre for Meningococci (NRZM) were matched with cases reported to the Robert Koch Institute (RKI) through the statutory surveillance system by using demographic and disease-specific variables common to both datasets. The estimated overall incidence was 1·1 IMD cases/100 000 inhabitants, with a sensitivity of ascertainment of 64·8% for NRZM and 89·4% for RKI. Case-fatality rate was estimated at 8·8%. Adjustment for heterogeneity of capture according to age, region and serogroup observed in the NRZM (but not RKI) source had minimal effect on the estimated incidence. The IMD incidence estimated by capture–recapture analysis is thus only slightly higher than through statutory surveillance data. As a degree of positive dependence between the systems cannot be ruled out, this estimate may still be an underestimate. However, under ascertainment appears insufficient to explain the low incidence of IMD in Germany compared to other European countries.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of two decades of invasive meningococcal disease in the Republic of Ireland: an analysis of national surveillance data on laboratory-confirmed cases from 1996 to 2016

2019 ◽  
Vol 147 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Bennett ◽  
P. O'Lorcain ◽  
S. Morgan ◽  
S. Cotter ◽  
M. Cafferkey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Disease Burden ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Republic Of Ireland ◽  
Vaccine Introduction ◽  
Vaccine Impact ◽  
The Republic

AbstractWe examined the epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) in the Republic of Ireland (ROI) between epidemiological year (EY) 1996/1997 and EY2015/2016. Over the 20 EYs, 3707 cases were reported with annual incidence rates per 100 000 peaking at 11.6 in EY1999/2000, decreasing significantly to 1.5 in EY2015/2016. The highest disease burden was in infants and children <5, whereas adults aged ⩾65 years experienced the highest case fatality ratio (CFR) of 15.7% but over the study period the median annual CFR remained low (4.4%). Meningococcal serogroup B (menB) dominated (78%), followed by menC (17%), menW (1%) and menY (1%). The incidence of menC IMD declined significantly in all age groups after menC vaccine introduction in 2000. MenB incidence also declined over the 20 EYs with decreasing trends in all age groups under 65, including an almost 50% decrease in infants over the final four EYs. IMD incidence in the ROI has declined, partly attributable to menC vaccination success, coupled with a spontaneous decline in menB. However, recent gradual increases in non-menB IMD and the introduction of vaccines targeting menB demand continued detailed surveillance to accurately monitor trends and to assess vaccine impact.

scholarly journals Epidemiology of invasive meningococcal disease in Cyprus 2004 to 2018

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Koliou ◽  
Diamanto Kasapi ◽  
Stella Mazeri ◽  
Panagiota Maikanti ◽  
Anna Demetriou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Advisory Group ◽  
Technical Advisory Group ◽  
National Immunization ◽  
Successful Control ◽  
Low Incidence ◽  
Microbiological Data ◽  
Significant Mortality

Background Despite progress in the management of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) it causes significant mortality and sequelae. Aim This study aims to describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of IMD in Cyprus and discuss the current immunisation programmes. Methods This is a retrospective study of all cases of IMD notified to the Ministry of Health between 2004 and 2018. Demographic, epidemiological, clinical and microbiological data were collected when a new case was notified. Risk factors associated with mortality were investigated using univariable logistic regression. Results 54 cases of IMD were recorded, an overall incidence of 0.4 cases per 100,000 population. The incidence rate was highest among infants (7.2/100,000) and adolescents (1.4/100,000). Case fatality rate was 10.4%. Serogroup B accounted for 24 of 40 cases caused by known serogroup. Serogroups W and Y comprised nine cases and were responsible for most fatal cases. Serogroup C was the cause in only four cases. There was an increase in the odds of death with increasing age, while the presence of meningitis in the clinical picture was found to be associated with lower odds of death. Conclusion Despite the low incidence of IMD in Cyprus, it remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Serogroup B is the most frequent serogroup, while incidence of serogroups W and Y is rising. Monitoring new cases and yearly evaluation of the immunisation programmes by the National Immunization Technical Advisory Group (NITAG) is essential for successful control of the disease.

scholarly journals Declining Incidence of Invasive Meningococcal Disease in South Africa: 2003–2016

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-504
Author(s):  
Susan Meiring ◽  
Cheryl Cohen ◽  
Linda de Gouveia ◽  
Mignon du Plessis ◽  
Ranmini Kularatne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
National Laboratory ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Relative Risk Ratio ◽  
Surveillance Program ◽  
Adjusted Relative Risk ◽  
Increased Risk

Abstract Background Invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) is endemic to South Africa, where vaccine use is negligible. We describe the epidemiology of IMD in South Africa. Methods IMD cases were identified through a national, laboratory-based surveillance program, GERMS-SA, from 2003–2016. Clinical data on outcomes and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) statuses were available from 26 sentinel hospital sites. We conducted space-time analyses to detect clusters of serogroup-specific IMD cases. Results Over 14 years, 5249 IMD cases were identified. The incidence was 0.97 cases per 100 000 persons in 2003, peaked at 1.4 cases per 100 000 persons in 2006, and declined to 0.23 cases per 100 000 persons in 2016. Serogroups were confirmed in 3917 (75%) cases: serogroup A was present in 4.7% of cases, B in 23.3%, C in 9.4%; W in 49.5%; Y in 12.3%, X in 0.3%; Z in 0.1% and 0.4% of cases were non-groupable. We identified 8 serogroup-specific, geo-temporal clusters of disease. Isolate susceptibility was 100% to ceftriaxone, 95% to penicillin, and 99.9% to ciprofloxacin. The in-hospital case-fatality rate was 17% (247/1479). Of those tested, 36% (337/947) of IMD cases were HIV-coinfected. The IMD incidence in HIV-infected persons was higher for all age categories, with an age-adjusted relative risk ratio (aRRR) of 2.5 (95% confidence interval [CI] 2.2–2.8; P < .001) from 2012–2016. No patients reported previous meningococcal vaccine exposure. Patients with serogroup W were 3 times more likely to present with severe disease than those with serogroup B (aRRR 2.7, 95% CI 1.1–6.3); HIV coinfection was twice as common with W and Y diseases (aRRR W = 1.8, 95% CI 1.1–2.9; aRRR Y = 1.9, 95% CI 1.0–3.4). Conclusions In the absence of significant vaccine use, IMD in South Africa decreased by 76% from 2003–2016. HIV was associated with an increased risk of IMD, especially for serogroup W and Y diseases.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis in Tracking Two Outbreaks of Invasive Meningococcal Disease Serogroup C in British Columbia

2007 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 363-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grahame Quan ◽  
Mark Gilbert ◽  
Samara T David ◽  
Tazim Rahim ◽  
Kathy Adie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
British Columbia ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Outer Membrane Proteins ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Pulsed Field Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Sequencing Data ◽  
Outbreak Strain ◽  
Pulsed Field

Two major outbreaks of invasive meningococcal disease serogroup C (IMD-C) were identified in British Columbia between 2000 and 2004. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) andporAgene sequencing of all retained IMD-C isolates were used to assess correlations between genotypes and epidemiological patterns. PFGE patterns of IMD-C genotypes correlated with epidemiological patterns between 2000 and 2004 in British Columbia, and demonstrated that PFGE can identify outbreak-related cases. Both IMD-C outbreaks correlated with a respective PFGE pattern. PFGE analysis demonstrated that the 2004 British Columbia outbreak strain in men who have sex with men was closely related to the 2001 Abbotsford outbreak strain.PorAsequencing data indicated low diversity of class 1 outer membrane proteins in British Columbia, and did not correlate with epidemiological trends. There was a trend for outbreak-associated PFGE types to demonstrate higher case fatality rates.

scholarly journals Invasive meningococcal disease associated with a very high case fatality rate in the North-West of Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna SkoczyÅ„ska ◽  
Marcin KadÅ‚ubowski ◽  
Józef Knap ◽  
Maria Szulc ◽  
Marzena Janusz-Jurczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Case Fatality Rate ◽  
Case Fatality ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
High Case Fatality Rate ◽  
North West ◽  
The North ◽  
Very High

Secular trends in invasive meningococcal disease, Massachusetts, 1988–2011: what happened to invasive disease?

2014 ◽  
Vol 142 (12) ◽  
pp. 2483-2490 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. H. PERUSKI ◽  
P. KLUDT ◽  
R. S. PATEL ◽  
A. DeMARIA
Keyword(s):  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Invasive Disease ◽  
Secular Trends ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Meningococcal Vaccine ◽  
Average Annual Incidence ◽  
Potential Factors

SUMMARYInvasive meningococcal disease (IMD) reported to the Massachusetts Department of Public Health from 1988 to 2011 was reviewed. The average annual incidence of IMD/100 000 decreased from 1·57 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1·42–1·73] for 1988–1991 to 0·22 (95% CI 0·17–0·29) for 2008–2011. The pattern of decreasing incidence over time differed by age group. There was a decrease in IMD/100 000 in the 0–4 years age group after 1991 from 10·92 (95% CI 8·08–14·70) in 1991 to 5·76 (95% CI 3·78–8·72) in 1992. Incidence in the 0–4 years age group remained below 5/100 000 per year on average thereafter. A substantial reduction in incidence in all age groups was observed between 2000 and 2009, which began before the introduction of conjugate meningococcal vaccine in 2005. Marked reductions in incidence of IMD in Massachusetts, and elsewhere, deserve further investigation with respect to potential factors that go beyond the introduction and deployment of improved meningococcal vaccines.

scholarly journals Community outbreak of serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease in Beaujolais, France, February to June 2016: from alert to targeted vaccination

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Thabuis ◽  
Karim Tararbit ◽  
Muhamed-Kheir Taha ◽  
Dominique Dejour-Salamanca ◽  
Vincent Ronin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Clonal Complex ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Epidemic Threshold ◽  
Epidemic Area ◽  
Area North ◽  
Meningococcal Strain ◽  
Microbiological Surveillance

In February and March 2016, four cases of serogroup B invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) occurred over 3 weeks in a small area north of Lyon in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, France. There were no deaths but two cases had sequelae. This community outbreak was caused by a rare meningococcal strain of the clonal complex ST-32, covered by the 4CMenB/Bexsero vaccine. The incidence rate for serogroup B IMD in this area was 22.5 per 100,000 inhabitants, which is above the epidemic threshold (10/100,000). The number of cases observed was significantly higher than expected in the age group of 0–24 year-olds (standardised incidence ratio: 96). These results suggested the potential emergence of this invasive strain in this sub-population. In accordance with French recommendations, it was decided to vaccinate the population aged between 2 months and 24 years, living, working or studying in the epidemic area. The vaccination campaign took place from April to September 2016. Vaccination coverage was estimated at 47% for one dose and 40% for two doses. The lowest coverage estimations were observed for the age groups younger than 3 and 15–19 years. Enhanced epidemiological and microbiological surveillance reported a fifth case in June 2016, outside the epidemic area.

scholarly journals First case of interconnected clusters of primary meningococcal arthritis and meningococcal meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B in Slovenia

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Miha Simoniti ◽  
Tanja Selič Kurinčič ◽  
Alenka Trop Skaza ◽  
Ines Kebler ◽  
Metka Paragi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Septic Arthritis ◽  
Neisseria Meningitidis ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Meningococcal Disease ◽  
Meningococcal Meningitis ◽  
Invasive Meningococcal Disease ◽  
First Case ◽  
The Right

In this report, we describe a case of interconnected clusters of invasive meningococcal disease due to Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B:P1.22,14:F5-1(ST-269) in young adults – a boyfriend and a girlfriend. The male was diagnosed with primary meningococcal septic arthritis of the right knee and the female was diagnosed with meningococcal meningitis with meningococcemia a few hours later. Both were hospitalized at the General Hospital Celje and treated with ceftriaxone, but with different outcomes; the female recovered completely, while the male will probably have long-term sequelae of septic arthritis.

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