Phylogeny of Utetheisa s. str. (Lepidoptera:Noctuidae:Arctinae) with comments on the evolution of colour, hind wing scales and origin of New World species

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 113 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. DaCosta
Keyword(s):  
Posterior Probability ◽  
Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids ◽  
New World ◽  
Hind Wing ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Bayesian Analyses ◽  
World Species ◽  
Male Wing ◽  
Defence Strategy ◽  
Wing Scales

Species of Utetheisa Hübner incorporate pyrrolizidine alkaloids into their defence strategy where they are protective against both invertebrate and vertebrate predators, and courtship behaviours by males incorporate the alkaloids into their pheromones. Although Utetheisa’s chemical ecology is well understood, the systematics is less clear. A phylogeny of Utetheisa was constructed based on adult morphology. The final data matrix consisted of 29 species and 105 characters (268 states) from adults scored from both nongenitalic and genitalic characters as follows: 3 head (8 states), 4 leg (8 states), 21 wing (49 states), 44 male abdominal and genitalic characters (124 states), and 33 female abdominal and genitalic characters (79 states). The resulting parsimony and Bayesian analyses demonstrated that Utetheisa s. str. is monophyletic and sister to U. Pitasila (Moore). UtetheisaAtasca (Swinhoe) is more closely related to outgroup taxa than it is to other Utetheisa species. Monophyly of Utetheisa s. str. is strongly supported by a posterior probability of 0.98. Colour was lost once and male wing androconia evolved independently in several species, all of which feed on hosts in Boraginaceae. Forbes’ hypothesis of an Old World origin for the genus is corroborated and two origins for New World species are supported.

A phylogenetic analysis of western European species of the Lasioglossum leucozonium species-group (Hymenoptera: Halictidae): sociobiological and taxonomic implications

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 1611-1621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Packer
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
New World ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
World Species ◽  
European Species ◽  
The Social ◽  
Taxonomic Implications ◽  
Western European

A data matrix of 81 characters for 23 species of the subgenus Lasioglossum sensu Michener (1999) is analysed cladistically with the primary purpose of obtaining a phylogeny for western European species of the Lasioglossum leucozonium group. Outgroup taxa were chosen on the basis of published species groupings for Old World species and a phylogeny for the New World species. Outgroup resolution was poor but results for the ingroup were consistent and indicate that (i) the social behaviour recorded for L. aegyptiellum is nested within a solitary background and therefore represents an origin of sociality independent of all others within the Halictidae, (ii) the monotypic subgenus Sericohalictus is a derived member of the leucozonium species-group, and (iii) L. laevigatum is not a member of this group.

The New World fauna of the genus Pseudonapomyza (Diptera: Agromyzidae)

2004 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 781-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stéphanie Boucher
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
New World ◽  
World Species ◽  
First Time ◽  
World Fauna ◽  
Nearctic Region

AbstractThe New World species of Pseudonapomyza Hendel are reviewed. Only two species of the genus were previously known to occur in the Nearctic region: P. atra (Meigen) and P. lacteipennis (Malloch). Pseudonapomyza europaea Spencer and P. asiatica Spencer are here recorded for the first time in the Nearctic region and P. asiatica is recorded for the first time in Costa Rica and Venezuela. A key is provided to identify the four known New World species of Pseudonapomyza.

Marchantia L. the New World Species

Taxon ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 740
Author(s):  
Barbara M. Thiers ◽  
H. Bischler
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
World Species

Three new Nearctic species of Telenomus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) attacking Tabanidae eggs

2004 ◽  
Vol 136 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmood Iranpour ◽  
Terry D. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New World ◽  
Egg Parasitoids ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Type Specimens ◽  
World Species ◽  
Diagnostic Characters ◽  
Three New Species

AbstractThree new species of Tabanidae egg parasitoids are described: Telenomus hybomitraesp. nov. and Telenomus utilissp. nov., both reared from eggs of Hybomitra nitidifrons nuda (McDunnough) and Hybomitra lasiophthalma Macquart, and Telenomus chrysopsissp. nov., reared from eggs of Chrysops aestuans Wulp, Chrysops excitans Walker, and Chrysops mitis Osten Sacken. Specimens of these species were compared with type specimens of known New World species of scelionid parasitoids attacking tabanid eggs. Diagnostic characters and identification key to the Nearctic species are provided.

Laemophloeus souzalimai, a new species of lined flat bark beetle (Coleoptera, Cucujoidea, Laemophloeidae) from Southeast Brazil

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5072 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-284
Author(s):  
MATHEUS BENTO
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Bark Beetle ◽  
New World ◽  
New Records ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
World Species ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Southeast Brazil ◽  
Male Head ◽  
A New Species

Distinctive, remarkable specimens from Bauru, São Paulo state, Brazil are recognized as a new species of the genus Laemophloeus Dejean (sensu stricto), which is described and illustrated in this paper. Laemophloeus souzalimai sp. nov. is most similar to L. germaini Grouvelle and can be readily distinguished from all New World species of the genus by the dorsal color testaceous, without elytral maculae, antennal club of 6 antennomeres, genal processes anteriorly projected, male head with somewhat pedunculated eyes, and frons with a broad, V-shaped impressed line. Additionally, the preexisting key to Laemophloeus species with antennal club of 6 or more antennomeres is modified to include the new species, and new records for five Brazilian species of the genus are provided.  

Checklist and key of New World species of Omiodes Guenée with descriptions of four new Costa Rican species (Lepidoptera: Crambidae)

1997 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 471-492 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricia Gentili ◽  
M. Alma Solis
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New World ◽  
Costa Rican ◽  
New Combination ◽  
World Species

AbstractOmiodes Guenée is redescribed based on all New World species, including the type species O. humeralis Guenée. Four new species from Costa Rica, O. janzeni sp. n., O. hallwachsae sp. n., O. sirena sp. n., O. ochracea sp. n., are described. Ten new synonymies are established : Phostria disciiridescens Hampson is =O. croeceiceps (Walker), Phostria cayennalis Schaus is =O. grandis (Druce), Omiodes ochrosoma Felder & Rogenhofer and Phryganodes gazalis Schaus are =O. pandaralis (Walker), Nacoleia lenticurvalis Hampson, Phryganodes anchoritalis Dyar, and Phostria duplicata Kaye are =O. confusalis (Dognin), O. cervinalis Amsel is =O. martvralis (Lederer), Nacoleia indicata ab. pigralis Dognin and Botis fortificalis Möschler are =O. metricalis (Möschler). One new combination is recognized: O. pandaralis (Walker) was transferred from Coelorhynchidia Hampson. A key and an updated checklist to the neotropical Omiodes species is provided, including O. indicata (Fabricius), a worldwide pest. Ten species that do not belong in Omiodes are retained until appropriate generic placements are identified.

A cladistic analysis of the Old World species of Lotus L. (Fabaceae: Loteae)

2000 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana M Arambarri
Keyword(s):  
Cladistic Analysis ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Data Matrix ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Strict Consensus Tree ◽  
World Species ◽  
Old World ◽  
Species Phylogeny ◽  
The World

The diagnostic characters of the genus Lotus L. are a claw with a thickened infolded margin, diadelphous stamens, and a style hardened from the base. This genus contains about 100 species that are distributed throughout the world. To investigate the phylogeny of the Old World species of Lotus, subgenus Edentolotus, sections Krokeria, Xantholotus, and Erythrolotus, a cladistic analysis was performed using 31 morphological characters. To test the phylogenetic relationships among species of Lotus-Edentolotus and Dorycnium, Pedrosia, and Tetragonolobus, these taxa were included as part of the ingroup. The polarity of the characters was based on the outgroup comparison method, using Anthyllis as one outgroup and Tripodion as another. The analysis with Anthyllis as outgroup yielded eight equally parsimonious trees (with all characters equally weighted), each with 62 steps, a consistency index of 0.53, and a retention index of 0.75. All trees (including the strict consensus tree from the eight initial trees) showed that genus Lotus, subgenus Edentolotus, and sections Xantholotus and Erythrolotus are polyphyletic, with only section Krokeria appearing as monophyletic. On the other hand, the groups of species Lotus angustissimus, Lotus corniculatus, Lotus creticus, and Lotus peregrinus are monophyletic. Identical results were derived from the data matrix using Tripodion as the outgroup. Results are compared with previous cytogenetic and biochemical evidence.Key words: cladistic analysis, Fabaceae, Loteae, Lotus, Old World species, phylogeny.

MEDITERRANEAN AND ASIAN TAXA OF ANEMONE (SECTION ERIOCEPHALUS) WITH TUBEROUS ROOTSTOCKS

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 725-735 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecily Madahar
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
New World ◽  
Eastern Mediterranean ◽  
Western Mediterranean ◽  
World Species ◽  
Old World ◽  
Limited Success ◽  
Mediterranean Regions

Old World species of Anemone L. (section Eriocephalus Hook. f. & Thoms.) with tuberous rootstocks have been classified into three groups on the basis of their distribution and karyotypes. Anemone coronaria L., A. pavonina Lam., and A. hortensis L. of the northern, central, and eastern Mediterranean regions have karyotypes characteristic of the genus: three acrocentric, one submetacentric, and four metacentric chromosomes. Chromosomes of A. coronaria are smaller than those of A. pavonina and A. hortensis. Anemone palmata L. from the western Mediterranean differs from these in having four acrocentric and four metacentric chromosomes. Karyotypes of taxa from central Asia received as A. "bucharica", A. "petiolulosa", and A. "biflora" have three acrocentrics, two submetacentrics, and only three metacentrics. All taxa are diploid, 2n = 16, except A. palmata in which tetraploid populations are also known.Crosses between Old and New World species of Anemone with tuberous rootstocks were failures while those between Old World species with tuberous rootstocks and New World species with fibrous or woody rootstocks met with limited success.

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