Exogenous application of 24-epibrassinosteroid mitigates NaCl toxicity in flax by modifying free amino acids profile and antioxidant defence system

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 565 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Amraee ◽  
Fatemeh Rahmani ◽  
Babak Abdollahi Mandoulakani
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System

In the present study, we investigated the ameliorative effects of 24-epibrassinosteroid (24-epiBL) on antioxidant response and ion homeostasis in two NaCl-stressed Linum usitatissimum L. (flax) cultivars differing in salt tolerance. The content and profile of amino acids were also studied in the tolerant cultivar. Salt stress differently altered the activity of antioxidant enzymes, phenol and flavonoid contents, total antioxidant capacity and ion homeostasis in both cultivars, whereas H2O2 and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were induced only in the TN-97-95 cultivar. Free amino acid concentrations showed variable patterns under salinity conditions compared with the control plants. 24-epiBL decreased the soluble protein content in NaCl-treated plants and also decreased stimulatory effects of salinity on the production and accumulation of phenol and flavonoid contents and antioxidant capacity with altered ion (Na+, K+, and Cl–) contents. The 24-epiBL reduced the chlorophylls (a, b) and carotenoid contents in salt-treated TN-97-95 cultivar while enhanced the activity of antioxidant enzymes and declined the H2O2 content and lipid peroxidation in both NaCl-stressed cultivars. The profile and content of amino acids were significantly changed by 24-epiBL application under salinity treatment. In summary, our findings demonstrate that 24-epiBL seed priming mitigates the deleterious effects of salt stress in flax plants.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis of Short-Term Salt Stress Response in Watermelon Seedlings

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (17) ◽  
pp. 6036
Author(s):  
Qiushuo Song ◽  
Madhumita Joshi ◽  
Vijay Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Photosystem Ii ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Differentially Expressed ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Salt Stress Response

Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus L.) is a widely popular vegetable fruit crop for human consumption. Soil salinity is among the most critical problems for agricultural production, food security, and sustainability. The transcriptomic and the primary molecular mechanisms that underlie the salt-induced responses in watermelon plants remain uncertain. In this study, the photosynthetic efficiency of photosystem II, free amino acids, and transcriptome profiles of watermelon seedlings exposed to short-term salt stress (300 mM NaCl) were analyzed to identify the genes and pathways associated with response to salt stress. We observed that the maximal photochemical efficiency of photosystem II decreased in salt-stressed plants. Most free amino acids in the leaves of salt-stressed plants increased many folds, while the percent distribution of glutamate and glutamine relative to the amino acid pool decreased. Transcriptome analysis revealed 7622 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) under salt stress, of which 4055 were up-regulated. The GO analysis showed that the molecular function term “transcription factor (TF) activity” was enriched. The assembled transcriptome demonstrated up-regulation of 240 and down-regulation of 194 differentially expressed TFs, of which the members of ERF, WRKY, NAC bHLH, and MYB-related families were over-represented. The functional significance of DEGs associated with endocytosis, amino acid metabolism, nitrogen metabolism, photosynthesis, and hormonal pathways in response to salt stress are discussed. The findings from this study provide novel insights into the salt tolerance mechanism in watermelon.

scholarly journals Free amino acids and glycine betaine in leaf osmoregulation of spinach responding to increasing salt stress

2003 ◽  
Vol 158 (3) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catello Di Martino ◽  
Sebastiano Delfine ◽  
Roberto Pizzuto ◽  
Francesco Loreto ◽  
Amodio Fuggi
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Glycine Betaine ◽  
Free Amino Acids ◽  
Free Amino

scholarly journals Sodium Chloride-Induced Salt Stress Responses of Antioxidative Activities in Leaves and Roots of Pistachio Rootstock

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Akbari ◽  
Ramesh katam ◽  
Rabab Husain ◽  
Mostafa Farajpour ◽  
Silvia Mazzuca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Sodium Chloride ◽  
Salinity Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Salinity Treatment ◽  
Leaves And Roots

Salinity substantially affects plant growth and crop productivity worldwide. Plants adopt several biochemical mechanisms including regulation of antioxidant biosynthesis to protect themselves against the toxic effects induced by the stress. One-year-old Pistachio rootstock exhibiting different degrees of salinity tolerance were subjected to sodium chloride induced salt stress to identify genetic diversity among cultivated pistachio rootstock for their antioxidant responses, and to determine the correlation of these enzymes to salinity stress. Leaves and roots were harvested following NaCl-induced stress. Results show that a higher concentration of NaCl treatment induced oxidative stress in the leaf tissue and to a lesser extent in the roots. Both tissues showed an increase in ascorbate peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione reductase, peroxidase and malondialdehyde. Responses of antioxidant enzymes were cultivar dependent, as well as temporal and dependent on the salinity level. Linear and quadratic regression model analysis revealed significant correlation of enzyme activities to salinity treatment in both tissues. The variation in salinity tolerance reflected their capabilities in orchestrating antioxidant enzymes at the roots and harmonized across the cell membranes of the leaves. The study provides a better understanding of root and leaf coordination in regulating the antioxidant enzymes to NaCl induced oxidative stress.

Isolation and functional characterisation of CDPKs gene from Arachis hypogaea under salt stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Feng Fang ◽  
Feng Guo ◽  
Jing-Jing Meng ◽  
Xin-Guo Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Coding Region ◽  
Antioxidant Defence ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Functional Characterisation ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Glycine Max L ◽  
Dependent Protein ◽  
Calcium Dependent Protein Kinases

One of salt-induced calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs) gene was isolated from Arachis hypogeae L. by RACE method. The cDNA full length was 2241bp deposited in GenBank (number KF437909), designated as AhCDPK. The coding region sequence of AhCDPK was 1629bp and encoded a protein of 542 amino acids. The molecular weight and the theoretical isoelectric point of AhCDPK was 60.96kDa and 5.61 respectively. Amino acid sequence analysis indicated that AhCDPK has highest similarity and homology with Glycine max L. In addition, the AhCDPK amino acids were predicted to encode a hydrophilic protein which localised in the endoplasmic reticulum. AhCDPK seemed to transcript in all peanut organs, and had the highest expression in seeds. The expression of AhCDPK could be strongly induced by both Ca2+ and NaCl. When exposed to salt stress, overexpressing AhCDPK in tobacco could alleviate PSII photoinhibition by improving physiological states, such as reducing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), improving the activity of antioxidant defence system enzymes and improving the accumulation of osmotic regulation substance. These results showed that AhCDPK has the same functions as that of G. max, and it could play an important role for peanut to resist salt stress.

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