Control of salt transport from roots to shoots of wheat in saline soil

2004 ◽  
Vol 31 (11) ◽  
pp. 1115 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shazia Husain ◽  
Susanne von Caemmerer ◽  
Rana Munns
Keyword(s):  
Saline Soil ◽  
Feedback Regulation ◽  
Root Uptake ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Salinity Range ◽  
Sodic Soils ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Uptake And Transport

Wheat genotypes with 5-fold difference in shoot Na+ concentrations were studied over a salinity range of 1–150 mm NaCl and CaCl2 of 0.5–10 mm to assess their performance in saline and sodic soils. All genotypes had a maximum shoot Na+ concentration at 50 mm external NaCl when the supplemental Ca2+ provided an activity of 1 mm or more. Shoot Na+ concentrations either stayed constant from 50 to 150 mm external NaCl, or decreased in some genotypes at the higher salinity. Calculated rates of root uptake, and root : shoot transport, were at a maximum at 50 mm NaCl in all genotypes, and decreased at higher NaCl in some genotypes, indicating feedback regulation. K+ showed a pattern inverse to that of Na+. Cl– uptake and transport rates increased linearly with increasing salinity, and differed little between genotypes. Increasing external Ca2+ concentration reduced the accumulation of Na+ in the shoot, the effects being greater in the low Na+ genotypes, and greater as the salinity increased, indicating that the plateau in shoot Na+ concentration relied on the maintenance of a minimal Ca2+ activity of 1 mm. Increasing external Ca2+concentration did not reduce the root Na+ concentration, however, suggesting that Ca2+ influenced the loading of Na+ in the xylem.

Effects of NaCl on shoot growth, transpiration, ion compartmentation, and transport in regenerated plants of Populus euphratica and Populus tomentosa

2003 ◽  
Vol 33 (6) ◽  
pp. 967-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaoliang Chen ◽  
Jinke Li ◽  
Shasheng Wang ◽  
Eberhard Fritz ◽  
Aloys Hüttermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Populus Euphratica ◽  
Populus Tomentosa ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Relative Growth Rates ◽  
Regenerated Plants ◽  
Salt Exclusion ◽  
Populus Tomentosa Carr ◽  
Uptake And Transport ◽  
Ion Compartmentation

The effect of a 20-day NaCl treatment on shoot growth, transpiration, ion uptake and transport, and intracellular ion compartmentation was investigated in regenerated plants of Populus euphratica Oliv. and Populus tomentosa Carr. Plants watered with 100 mM NaCl for 8 days and then 200 mM NaCl for 12 days exhibited soil NaCl concentrations of 60 and 95 mM, respectively. Unit transpiration rates and relative growth rates of P. tomentosa were restricted more by salinity as compared with P. euphratica. Salinized P. tomentosa exhibited leaf necrosis whereas no damage was seen in stressed P. euphratica. Compared with P. tomentosa, P. euphratica had considerably lower rates of net root uptake and transport of salt ions (Na+ and Cl–) to the shoots under salinity. The relatively lower unit transpiration rates of P. euphratica and the lower salt concentrations in the xylem of salinized P. euphratica contribute to its greater capacity for salt exclusion. X-ray microanalysis showed that P. euphratica had a greater ability to restrict radial salt transport in roots by blocking apoplasmic salt transport and sequestering more Cl– in cortical vacuoles. In addition, P. euphratica maintained higher K+ uptake and transport than P. tomentosa in the presence of high external Na+ concentrations.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Physiological Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes under Non-Saline and Saline Soil Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Hamada Amer ◽  
Mohamed Z. Dakroury ◽  
Ibrahim S. El Basyoni ◽  
Hanaa M. Abouzied
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Physiological Evaluation

This study was conducted to assess the effect of soil salinity on leaf area (LA), the number of days to flowering (DF), plant height (PH), and grain yield. Overall, 60 wheat genotypes were used, including 49 CIMMYT elite lines and 11 commercially grown Egyptian wheat cultivars. During two growing seasons (2017 and 2018), the genotypes were grown in non-saline (S0) and saline (S1) soils. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was used in a split-plot arrangement. Salinity levels were randomly assigned to the main plots, while genotypes were randomly assigned to the subplots. The obtained results showed that the saline soil adversely affected the evaluated genotypes. Furthermore, a highly significant effect of genotypes × salinity was observed on grain yield and its attributed traits. Based on salinity indices results, some of the imported wheat genotypes outperformed the Egyptian cultivars in grain yield under salinity stress conditions. The results further indicated that Sakha-93, C-31, and C-40 were the most salt-tolerant genotypes. The best performing line among the CIMMYT lines was C-31, which recorded the highest grain yield under none-saline and saline soil in the two seasons of study.

Simulation of Soil Water and Salt Transport with Sand Column in Coastal Saline Soil Based on COMSOL

2014 ◽  
Vol 614 ◽  
pp. 668-671
Author(s):  
Zhen Peng Zhang ◽  
Jin Qiu Shao ◽  
Xue Yan Sun ◽  
Hui Jun Liu
Keyword(s):  
Saline Soil ◽  
Soil Column ◽  
Salt Transport ◽  
Clay Loam ◽  
Sand Column ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Transport Efficiency ◽  
Salt Leaching ◽  
Type C ◽  
Water And Solute Transport

In the paper, transport of water and Cl- under leaching was 2D-digitally simulated with COMSOL Multi-physics. In a two-dimensional transient cross-sectional model. COSMOL was used to investigate water and solute transport in the soil column coupled with variable sand column forms, with “a” denoting no sand column, “b” with one vertical middle sand column, “c “ with one long Slanted sand column, “d” with two long Slanted X-shaped sand columns. The parameters of the model were primarily based on the soil physical properties measured at coastal clay loam saline soil in Tianjin. The simulation results showed that, given same initial and same boundary conditions, sand column increased the transport efficiency of water and salt, which depends on the position and angle of sand column accordingly. The slanted columns were overall superior to the vertical ones in transport efficiency. In sum, “d” was the best type, “c” was the second best and “b” was the third, according to the efficiency of salt leaching and the efficiency of the utilization of water resources.

Differences in grain zinc are not correlated with root uptake and grain translocation of zinc in wild emmer and durum wheat genotypes

2016 ◽  
Vol 411 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 69-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ozlem Yilmaz ◽  
Gamze Altintas Kazar ◽  
Ismail Cakmak ◽  
Levent Ozturk
Keyword(s):  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Root Uptake ◽  
Wild Emmer ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Grain Zinc
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