Correction - Initial and medium-term responses of white clover to three sulfur fertilizers on a basaltic soil

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (115) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
BD McLaughlin ◽  
ICR Holford
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
First Year ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sulfur Fertilizers

The short and medium-term effects of three sulfur fertilizers on white clover pasture were measured on a sulfur-deficient basaltic soil in the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales between 1976 and 1979. The treatments were a single application of elemental sulfur, gypsum, and sulfur-fortified superphosphate (SF45) at 0, 20, 40, and 80 kg S/ha and three annual applications of elemental sulfur and gypsum at 0, 10, 20 and 30 kg S/ha. Gypsum and SF45 gave the largest effects in the first year, and elemental sulfur and SF45 caused the largest residual effects in the third year. A single application of 20 kg S/ha gave near maximum yields over the three year period provided that most of the sulfur was supplied in the elemental form. However, to achieve maximum yields in the first year about 20% of the sulfur was required as sulfate. Likewise maximum yields in the third year required a fresh application of 10 sulfate S/ha. The relatively large residual effect of gypsum was attributed to the slow-leaching soil, and the resistance of the coarse textured elemental sulfur (65% >0.5mm) to leaching by the high summer rainfall.

Initial and medium-term responses of white clover to three sulfur fertilizers on a basaltic soil

1982 ◽  
Vol 22 (115) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
BD McLaughlin ◽  
ICR Holford
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Summer Rainfall ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
First Year ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
The Third ◽  
Sulfur Fertilizers

The short and medium-term effects of three sulfur fertilizers on white clover pasture were measured on a sulfur-deficient basaltic soil in the Northern Tablelands of New South Wales between 1976 and 1979. The treatments were a single application of elemental sulfur, gypsum, and sulfur-fortified superphosphate (SF45) at 0, 20, 40, and 80 kg S/ha and three annual applications of elemental sulfur and gypsum at 0, 10, 20 and 30 kg S/ha. Gypsum and SF45 gave the largest effects in the first year, and elemental sulfur and SF45 caused the largest residual effects in the third year. A single application of 20 kg S/ha gave near maximum yields over the three year period provided that most of the sulfur was supplied in the elemental form. However, to achieve maximum yields in the first year about 20% of the sulfur was required as sulfate. Likewise maximum yields in the third year required a fresh application of 10 sulfate S/ha. The relatively large residual effect of gypsum was attributed to the slow-leaching soil, and the resistance of the coarse textured elemental sulfur (65% >0.5mm) to leaching by the high summer rainfall.

scholarly journals Direct and Residual Effect of Sulphur and Zinc on Potato-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Tarafder ◽  
MQ Haque ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MR Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Boro Rice

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) sub-staion, Tajhat, Ranpure, using potato-Boro-T. aman rice cropping pattern with an objective to evaluate the direct and residual effects of sulphur and zinc on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake by the crops. The surface soil was sandy loam texture, pH 6.3, organic matter 1.24%, available sulphur 6.62 ppm and available zinc 0.45 ppm. The experiment comprised of eight treatments for potato S15Zn2 (T2, T4 and T8, S8Zn1 (T5 and T6)and S0Zn0 (T1, T3 and T7), for boro rice S20Zn4 (T3, T5, T6 and T7) and S0Zn0 (T1, T3, T4 and T6). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Average tuber yield of potato (var. cardinal) varied from 28.29 to 32.86 t ha-1 with the highest yield in S15Zn2 treatment (100% recommended dose) and the lowest was in the S0Zn0 treatment (control). In the second crop (Boro rice), growth and yield attributes, grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first crop or in both crops. The average grain yield varied from 3.51 to 5.27 t ha-1 over the treatments. In the third crop (T. aman rice), the grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first and second crop or in the third crops. The grain yield of T. aman rice varied from 2.96 to 4.46 t ha-1 over the treatments. The growth and yield contributing characters were also significantly influenced by the treatment. There was a significant direct and residual effect of the treatments on S and Zn uptake by the crops.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.16987 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 33 - 38, 2008 

scholarly journals Gibberellic acid and 6-benzyladenine reduce time to flowering and improve flower quality of Laelia anceps

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Tejeda-Sartorius ◽  
Humberto Vaquera-Huerta ◽  
Libia Iris Trejo-Téllez ◽  
Ramón Marcos Soto-Hernández ◽  
Julio Sánchez-Escudero
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Single Application ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Temporal Variables ◽  
Flower Quality ◽  
Second Period

Abstract The efficacy of plant growth regulators (PGRs) has been demonstrated in the flowering of economically significant orchid hybrids, but studies of their effects in wild species with commercial potential are scarce. The effect of three doses of gibberellic acid (GA3) and 6-benzyladenine (BA), individually or in combination, and a control without PGRs, were evaluated during three flowering periods in Laelia anceps subsp. anceps, in the temporal behavior of flowering, morpho-floral quality parameters and in potential residual effects and malformations. Significant effects were observed between the experimental periods and doses used, with a single application of PGRs in the first period reducing the days to visible flower induction (DVFI), days to anthesis (DAN) and days of flower life (DFL), mainly in the first period. There were no significant differences between doses for morpho-floral quality parameters within each period, but differences existed between experimental periods, where the life and size of the flower increased in the first period, and the number of flowers and flower stems increased significantly in the second period. The doses of 2.37 mg · L−1 BA + 100 mg · L−1 GA3 showed highest significant consistency in the reduction of DVFI, DAN and increase of DFL and flower stems in the study. There were no floral malformations, and a positive residual effect was observed in temporal variables in the second period. Most of the doses used encourage beneficial effects in the various aspects of flowering evaluated.

Effect of an associate grass, cutting interval, and cutting height on yield and botanical composition of Siratro pastures in a sub-tropical environment

1974 ◽  
Vol 14 (68) ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Jones
Keyword(s):  
White Clover ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Plant Vigour ◽  
Cutting Interval ◽  
Effect Of Treatment ◽  
Cutting Height

Plots of Siratro and Siratro plus Nandi setaria were cut every 4, 8, 12 or 16 weeks at either 7.5 cm or 15.0 cm above ground over three years. At the end of three years plant density and the residual effect of treatment on yield over ten weeks in spring and summer were measured. The yield of Siratro was reduced by about 30 per cent when grown with Setaria (4.04 and 2.86 t ha-1/yr-1). But total annual yield was increased at all cutting intervals, by an average of 4 t ha-l when the grass was included (1 0.6 and 6.6 t ha-1yr-1). Siratro yield increased by an average of 225 kg ha-l yr-1 for each week extension of the cutting interval. Associated with this increase was a decline in weed yield and an increase in the percentage of Siratro. Cutting at 15 cm reduced total yield by 2.44 t ha-1 yr-1 compared with cutting at 7.5 cm, but only reduced Siratro yield at the 12 and 16 week cutting intervals. In the plots cut to 7.5 cm every four weeks Siratro declined in yield over three years and was replaced by invading white clover. Siratro density was reduced in the grass-legume plots to one third of that in the corresponding legume plots. In both pastures, Siratro density increased linearly as cutting interval increased but was not affected by cutting height. Grass density also increased linearly with cutting interval up to 12 weeks but then declined sharply when cut every 16 weeks. This decline was attributed to the very heavy shading by the associated Siratro. There were large residual effects of cutting interval on total and Siratro yield which were associated with plant density and plant vigour.

scholarly journals The Medium-Term Impact of Medicare Part D on Pharmaceutical Prices

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark G Duggan ◽  
Fiona Scott Morton
Keyword(s):  
Prescription Drugs ◽  
Medicare Part D ◽  
Medicare Part ◽  
First Year ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Part D ◽  
The Third ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Pharmaceutical Prices ◽  
Bounce Back

Medicare Part D began coverage of prescription drugs in 2006. Using data from the first year of the program we found that Part D reduced pharmaceutical prices for Medicare recipients, with these effects driven by enrollees previously without drug coverage. In this paper we extend our analysis through 2009, the fourth year of the program, to investigate whether plans continued to extract price concessions in return for favorable formulary placement, or if consumer inertia or other factors caused prices to bounce back after their initial decline. We find price declines persisted through at least the third year of the program.

scholarly journals Growth and Biomass Yield of Brachiaria ruziziensis (Poaceae) under the Direct and Residual Effects of Fertilization with Hen Droppings at Flowering in West Cameroon

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-52
Author(s):  
Gilles Jiope Azangue ◽  
Fernand Tendonkeng ◽  
David Fokom Wauffo ◽  
Etienne Tedonkeng Pamo
Keyword(s):  
Direct Effect ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
Brachiaria Ruziziensis ◽  
Whole Plants ◽  
The University

Aim: A study was conducted at the Research and Experimental Farm (REF) of the University of Dschang with the aim of evaluating the direct and residual effects of fertilization with hen droppings on the growth and biomass yield of Brachiaria ruziziensis at flowering. Methodology: A factorial design with five levels of fertilization in terms of nitrogen in hen droppings (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 kg N/ha) on 6 m2 (3 m x 2 m) plots in four replicates, i.e. a total of 20 experimental plots was used. Fertilization with hen droppings was done one month after the placement of the stump chips, during the first year of cultivation (direct effects). In the second year of cultivation (residual effects), no fertilization was done. Measurements of plant heights and diameters were made on 40 plants per level of fertilization. Leaf, stem and whole-plant biomass assessments were made on all plots in relation to their fertilization levels. Results: This study shows that the direct effect of fertilization in the form of hen droppings resulted in heights and diameters significantly greater than those obtained under the residual effect of fertilization. Biomasses of whole plants and their different compartments obtained under the residual effect of fertilization were significantly higher than those obtained under the direct effect of fertilization. Under the direct and residual effect of fertilization, the heights, diameters and biomasses of the fertilized plots were greater than those of the control plots. The level of fertilization corresponding to the dose of 100 kg N/ha gave the best results. Conclusion: Fertilization with hen droppings at a dose of 100 kg N/ha would be recommended for the cultivation of B. ruziziensis over a two-year period, in order to limit the use of mineral fertilizers.

EFFECT OF MINERAL FERTILIZERS AND MANURES ON THE PHOSPHORUS CONTENT OF A CLAY SOIL AND ON CROP YIELDS AND QUALITY IN A LONG-TERM CROP ROTATION

1962 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Ridley ◽  
R. A. Hedlin
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Green Manure ◽  
Phosphorus Content ◽  
Nitrogen Deficiency ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
First Year ◽  
The Third ◽  
Extractable Phosphorus

Investigations of a long-term rotation experiment, to which mineral fertilizers and manures have been added for 38 years, show that the total inorganic and extractable phosphorus content of the soil has been increased by phosphate fertilizers. The organic phosphorus fraction was not affected. The extractable phosphorus content of the phosphate treated plots was found to be inversely related to the soil inorganic carbon content.Moving 12-year average yields of wheat first crop, and barley third crop in the rotation, showed the response to phosphorus is apparent only in the first year, with no residual effect on crops due to the increased soil phosphorus content. Mineral fertilizer nitrogen had no effect on the yield of the first crop, but a residual effect was apparent on the third crop. Barn manure increased yields of both crops, presumably due to the effect of phosphorus in barn manure on the first crop and the nitrogen on the third crop. Red clover as a green manure slightly decreased yields of wheat in the first year but increased yields of barley in the third year. A depressing effect on the first crop, presumably due to a nitrogen deficiency, was caused by grass plowed down as green manure but a slight increase in yields of the third crop was noted.Application of 47 pounds of nitrogen for wheat on summerfallow significantly increased the protein content of six wheat crops sampled. Variations in the protein content of wheat between years is presumably related to climatic conditions.

Nitrogen nutrition of cereals in a short-term rotation. I. Single season treatments as a source of nitrogen for subsequent cereal crops

1981 ◽  
Vol 32 (5) ◽  
pp. 703 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Papastylianou ◽  
DW Puckridge ◽  
ED Carter
Keyword(s):  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Nitrogen Availability ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Yield Response ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
First Year ◽  
Fertilizer Nitrogen ◽  
The Third ◽  
Second Year

The residual effects of one season of five cultural treatments common in southern Australian dryland farming were examined with respect to soil water and nitrogen, and the production of cereals in the next two years. The initial treatments were medic or subterranean clover pasture, faba beans, oats or bare fallow. In the second year barley, wheat and triticale were grown on the same plots, with 0,30,60 or 90 kg ha-1 of fertilizer nitrogen. Wheat was sown over the whole area for the third season. The medic and subterranean clover pastures contributed approximately 100 kg ha-1 of nitrogen in top growth, but this remained on the surface until cultivation. Oats and fallow plots declined in total soil nitrogen by about 70 kg ha-1. The nitrogen content of the faba bean stubble showed that this crop has the potential of providing equivalent nitrogen to a good legume pasture. At the beginning of the second season the previous plots of fallow, beans, subterranean clover and medic had 36,27, 14 and 12 mm more water in the top metre of soil than oat plots. Cereals after oats apparently did not respond to fertilizer nitrogen because of the dry conditions, but on other plots the yield response was not proportional to the additional water. Although first year treatments affected growth of the three cereals in the second season, the new cereal, triticale, showed no evidence of different adaptation to growing conditions than wheat or barley. The effects of first and second year treatments carried through to the wheat crop in the third season. There were marked differences in nitrogen availability, but evidence that the second crop was depleting soil nitrogen reserves. Nitrogen from first year legume residues was available earlier in the season than second year fertilizer nitrogen which had been leached from the surface soil.

Superphosphate utilization in clover ley farming. II.* Residual effects of pasture topdressing in the cropping phase

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
GD Kohn
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Negative Response ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ley Farming ◽  
Stocking Rates

A grazing experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Institute, Wagga Wagga, over the period 1962-1966. The treatments involved three stocking rates (5, 10 and 15 sheep per ha) and four superphosphate topdressing rates (0, 125, 250 and 375 kg ha-1) with three replications. After the grazing phase three successive crops were grown. Superphosphate was applied with the crops at 0, 63, 125 and 250 kg ha-1. Current and residual effects of this superphosphate were measured. Nitrogen (as urea at 78 kg ha-l) was topdressed on half of each plot. The low stocking rate plots were further tested for response to sulphur. Superphosphate applied to one crop had no residual effect on subsequent crops, regardless of the previous pasture treatment. On the average the yield of the first crop sown without superphosphate increased about 1/3 kg ha-1 for each kilogram of superphosphate per hectare applied annually in the pasture phase, that of the second crop 1 kg and the third crop I-1/3 kg. First crops did not respond to superphosphate applied with the crop, but second crops on plots that were not topdressed in the pasture phase and all third crops did respond to current superphosphate. Yields of third crops receiving superphosphate at 250 kg ha-1 on land that was not topdressed in the pasture phase exceeded those of similar crops on land that had been topdressed in the pasture phase (five out of six comparisons were significant at P = 0.01). A similar effect was found in the second crop in one replicate. The effect of nitrogen varied with the climate. In the drought year of 1967 there was one negative response to nitrogen. In 1968 yields were high and nitrogen decreased yield by increasing lodging. In the following 3 years nitrogen increased yield and the increase was generally greater as the rate of pasture topdressing increased. The stocking rate of the pasture did not affect the yield of the following wheat crops. There was no response to sulphur by the crops. It is suggested that superphosphate can be more efficiently used by omitting pasture topdressing and applying 125 kg ha-I or more with crops. Farmers in the clover ley farming areas could considerably reduce their annual superphosphate requirements. *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 25: 525 (1974).

Residual effects of sulfur fertilizers on cut swards of a Stylosanthes guianensis and native grass pasture on a euchrozem soil in north Queensland

1981 ◽  
Vol 21 (110) ◽  
pp. 334 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Gilbert ◽  
KA Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Strong Response ◽  
Stylosanthes Guianensis ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Residual Sulfur ◽  
Sulfur Fertilizers

A field experiment was undertaken at Meadowbank Station between 1974 and 1980 to assess the residual effects of sulfur application, as gypsum and coarse elemental sulfur, on yields and composition of an established Stylosanthes guianensis cv. Graham and Themeda australis pasture. Sulfur rates ranged from 0-20 kg S ha-1 in years 2 and 3 and from 0-80 kg S ha-1 in year 4. The fertilizer was applied as a single dressing at the beginning of the growing seasons of 1975 (year 2), 1976 and 1977. Dry matter yield and concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur in the legume generally decreased to levels of unfertilized plots after two growing seasons when up to 20 kg S ha-1 was applied. With a rate of 80 kg S ha-1 at the beginning of the 1977 growing season, a response to residual sulfur was still evident in 1980. In each year when a sulfur application was made, there was a strong response by the legume component in terms of yield, legume content and concentrations of nitrogen and sulfur. Coarse elemental sulfur was generally not as effective as gypsum. Phosphate-extractable sulfur in the surface soil (0-10 cm) was low (1 -4 �g g-1) and did not change greatly as a result of sulfur applications up to 20 kg S ha-1. There was evidence of movement of sulfur down the soil profile in plots that received 80 kg S ha-1 as gypsum, but it was not so marked with elemental sulfur. It is suggested that an application of 40 kg S ha-1 as elemental sulfur or gypsum is sufficient to establish and maintain the legume component of the pasture for a period of 4 years.

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