Superphosphate utilization in clover ley farming. II.* Residual effects of pasture topdressing in the cropping phase

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
GD Kohn
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Negative Response ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
The Third ◽  
Ley Farming ◽  
Stocking Rates

A grazing experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Institute, Wagga Wagga, over the period 1962-1966. The treatments involved three stocking rates (5, 10 and 15 sheep per ha) and four superphosphate topdressing rates (0, 125, 250 and 375 kg ha-1) with three replications. After the grazing phase three successive crops were grown. Superphosphate was applied with the crops at 0, 63, 125 and 250 kg ha-1. Current and residual effects of this superphosphate were measured. Nitrogen (as urea at 78 kg ha-l) was topdressed on half of each plot. The low stocking rate plots were further tested for response to sulphur. Superphosphate applied to one crop had no residual effect on subsequent crops, regardless of the previous pasture treatment. On the average the yield of the first crop sown without superphosphate increased about 1/3 kg ha-1 for each kilogram of superphosphate per hectare applied annually in the pasture phase, that of the second crop 1 kg and the third crop I-1/3 kg. First crops did not respond to superphosphate applied with the crop, but second crops on plots that were not topdressed in the pasture phase and all third crops did respond to current superphosphate. Yields of third crops receiving superphosphate at 250 kg ha-1 on land that was not topdressed in the pasture phase exceeded those of similar crops on land that had been topdressed in the pasture phase (five out of six comparisons were significant at P = 0.01). A similar effect was found in the second crop in one replicate. The effect of nitrogen varied with the climate. In the drought year of 1967 there was one negative response to nitrogen. In 1968 yields were high and nitrogen decreased yield by increasing lodging. In the following 3 years nitrogen increased yield and the increase was generally greater as the rate of pasture topdressing increased. The stocking rate of the pasture did not affect the yield of the following wheat crops. There was no response to sulphur by the crops. It is suggested that superphosphate can be more efficiently used by omitting pasture topdressing and applying 125 kg ha-I or more with crops. Farmers in the clover ley farming areas could considerably reduce their annual superphosphate requirements. *Part I, Aust. J. Agric. Res., 25: 525 (1974).

Superphosphate utilization in clover ley farming. I. Effects on pasture and sheep production

1974 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 525 ◽  
Author(s):  
GD Kohn
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
First Year ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Ley Farming ◽  
Hordeum Leporinum ◽  
Sheep Production

From 1962 to 1966 an experiment was carried out at the Agricultural Research Institute, Wagga Wagga, N.S.W., with dry Merino sheep on an annual clover-grass pasture, in which the stocking rate and the rates of topdressing with superphosphate were varied. In the first year Trifolium subterraneum (subterranean clover) responded to superphosphate, particularly at the lowest stocking rates. In the following 2–3 years there was a change to Hordeum leporinum Link (barley grass) dominance. A greater amount of subterranean clover persisted over the years on the unfertilized plots than on the fertilized plots. Clover burr on these treatments was associated with better liveweight performance by sheep over the dry summer-autumn period. However, after the autumn rains germinating barley grass on the topdressed plots allowed rapid liveweight gains to be made by the sheep on those treatments. Greasy wool production per head, averaged over four shearings, was 4.81, 4.36 and 3.86 kg at 5, 10 and 15 sheep per ha respectively. Superphosphate had no significant effect on wool production. Liveweights decreased as the stocking rate increased. However, at a given stocking rate, the liveweight changes were influenced by changes in pasture composition induced by topdressing with superphosphate, as much as by total available pasture. It appears that in this clover ley farming area topdressing can be omitted in the pasture phase of a wool production system after 700 kg superphosphate ha-I have been applied to the soil.

scholarly journals Direct and Residual Effect of Sulphur and Zinc on Potato-Boro-T. Aman Rice Cropping Pattern

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Tarafder ◽  
MQ Haque ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MR Khan
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Cropping Pattern ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
The Third ◽  
Boro Rice

The experiment was conducted at the Bangladesh Institute of Nuclear Agriculture (BINA) sub-staion, Tajhat, Ranpure, using potato-Boro-T. aman rice cropping pattern with an objective to evaluate the direct and residual effects of sulphur and zinc on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake by the crops. The surface soil was sandy loam texture, pH 6.3, organic matter 1.24%, available sulphur 6.62 ppm and available zinc 0.45 ppm. The experiment comprised of eight treatments for potato S15Zn2 (T2, T4 and T8, S8Zn1 (T5 and T6)and S0Zn0 (T1, T3 and T7), for boro rice S20Zn4 (T3, T5, T6 and T7) and S0Zn0 (T1, T3, T4 and T6). The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Average tuber yield of potato (var. cardinal) varied from 28.29 to 32.86 t ha-1 with the highest yield in S15Zn2 treatment (100% recommended dose) and the lowest was in the S0Zn0 treatment (control). In the second crop (Boro rice), growth and yield attributes, grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first crop or in both crops. The average grain yield varied from 3.51 to 5.27 t ha-1 over the treatments. In the third crop (T. aman rice), the grain and straw yields responded significantly to S and Zn applied either in the first and second crop or in the third crops. The grain yield of T. aman rice varied from 2.96 to 4.46 t ha-1 over the treatments. The growth and yield contributing characters were also significantly influenced by the treatment. There was a significant direct and residual effect of the treatments on S and Zn uptake by the crops.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/pa.v19i1.16987 Progress. Agric. 19(1): 33 - 38, 2008 

scholarly journals Effect of Lime, Magnesium and Boron on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Their Residual Effects on Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
MAZ Sarker ◽  
MA Hakim ◽  
Mst T Islam ◽  
ME Ali
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Treated Plot

The study was carried out during 2007-2008 season in the research field of Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Dinajpur to know the effect of lime, Magnesium (Mg) and Boron (B) on yield and yield components of wheat and also their residual effect on mungbean. The geographical position of the area is between 25°62´ N, 88°63´ E and 38.20 meter above sea level. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications, both in wheat and mungbean. Treatments for wheat were (I) recommended fertilizer + Mg + B, (II) recommended fertilizer + lime + B + Mg, (III) recommended fertilizer + lime + Mg, (IV) recommended fertilizer + lime + B and (V) control (Only recommended fertilizer) and for mungbean were (I) recommended fertilizer + Mg + B, (II) 75% of recommended dose, (III) recommended fertilizer + B, (IV) recommended fertilizer + Mg and (V) control (without fertilizers). Results showed that the highest yield and yield components of wheat were recorded from recommended fertilizers + lime + B + Mg treated plot and the second highest were recorded from recommended fertilizers + lime + Mg treated plot. The lowest was recorded in control plot (only recommended fertilized). In case of mungbean the highest was found from recommended fertilizers + B treated plot, this treatment was limed in previously cultivated wheat crop and the lowest was recorded from control plot (without fertilizer). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v1i1-2.13923 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 1 (1&2): 9-15, December, 2011

Effect of stocking rate and grazing frequency on a Siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum)/Setaria anceps cv. Nandi pasture

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (98) ◽  
pp. 318 ◽  
Author(s):  
RM Jones
Keyword(s):  
Total Yield ◽  
Rest Period ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Animal Performance ◽  
Good Recovery ◽  
Seedling Regeneration ◽  
Seed Reserves ◽  
Macroptilium Atropurpureum ◽  
Stocking Rates

Five stocking rates, ranging from 0.8 to 2.8 beasts ha-1, and three frequencies of grazing were imposed on a five-year-old Siratro (Macroptilium atropurpureum)/Setaria anceps cv. Nandi pasture at Samford, south-east Queensland. The three grazing frequencies involved grazing for four days every three, six or nine weeks. Plots were individually grazed from 1972 to 1976 and the residual effect of treatments was measured over a grazing-free period in 1977. Within the three week grazing frequency both Siratro yield and total yield declined markedly with increased stocking rate, with an increased invasion of prostrate species such as blue couch (Digitaria didactyla). The decline in Siratro yield at higher stocking rates was less marked in the nine week system where there was much less invasion of prostrate species. However, it is suggested that the value of rotational grazing with a long rest period as a means of maintaining Siratro productivity could be largely at stocking rates where the pasture is overgrazed in terms of animal performance. Siratro density and seedling regeneration were largely unaffected by treatment and there was a good recovery of Siratro in the heavily grazed treatments during the grazing-free period at the end of the experiment. However, Siratro soil seed reserves declined with increased stocking rate and there was a much greater decline in flowering and seeding. On this basis it is predicted that if grazing treatments had been continued the heavily grazed pastures would eventually have reached the stage where Siratro would not recover with spelling.

Relative efficiency of rock phosphate and superphosphate for forage legumes and residual effects on succeeding wheat

1980 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 199-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Prasad ◽  
A. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Relative Efficiency ◽  
Rock Phosphate ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Forage Legumes ◽  
Vigna Sinensis ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Application Rates

SummaryA field experiment was made at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi to compare the efficiency of Mussoorie rock phosphate with ordinary superphosphate for two forage legumes, cowpea (Vigna sinensis Savi) and cluster beans (Cyamopsis tetragononoloba L.) and residual effects were studied in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). For both the forage legumes Mussoorie rock phosphate was only 22% as effective as ordinary superphosphate (on soil of pH 7·1) and it had no significant residual effects on wheat even when the application rates supplied three times as much P as was supplied by ordinary superphosphate.

Effect of anthelmintic dosing and stocking rate on the productivity of weaner sheep in a Mediterranean climate environment

1985 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 845 ◽  
Author(s):  
TH Brown ◽  
GE Ford ◽  
DW Miller ◽  
I Beveridge
Keyword(s):  
Significant Variation ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
South Australia ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
The Third ◽  
Resultant Effect ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Stocking Rates

The effects of nematodiasis on productivity in weaner sheep was measured at Kybybolite Research Centre, South Australia, during 1976-81. Three levels of control were compared at two stocking rates (7.5 ha-1 and 16 ha-1). One group was not treated with anthelmintics, another group was treated every 3 weeks and the third group (Planned) was given five doses of anthelmintics each year: once in October, twice during the hot dry summer and twice during the winter months. The sheep were replaced by weaner sheep at shearing in October each year. The drenching regime of sheep on a particular paddock was the same for all five years. Nematodes, particularly Trichostrongylus spp., had a very large effect on the production of the sheep. The mean annual death rate of the untreated sheep was 22% and 56070, for the low and high stocking rates respectively. The regularly drenched sheep were 9-31% heavier and cut 11-46% more wool than the survivors of the untreated sheep at the low stocking rate. At the high stocking rate the regularly drenched sheep were 17-58% heavier and cut 14-56% more wool than the survivors of the undrenched sheep. The sheep given the Planned drenching program had similar final liveweights each year to the regularly drenched sheep, and in only two years out of five did the regularly drenched sheep produce significantly more wool than the sheep given the Planned program. The effect of drenching on the contamination of wool with faeces, and the resultant effect on the incidence of fly strike, is discussed. There was a significant variation between years in amount of available pasture, and there was generally slightly more pasture available on the Nil drench treatment paddocks.

Effect of nutrition of ewe weaners on production in the first adult year

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (88) ◽  
pp. 751 ◽  
Author(s):  
GA Bottomley ◽  
RND Reid ◽  
RR Howe
Keyword(s):  
Proportional Representation ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
Subsequent Effect ◽  
Stocking Rates

Three groups of 135 ewe weaners were grazed for twelve months following weaning in December at high, medium or low stocking rates. No attempt was made to limit growth of any groups during the spring pasture flush. At 16 months of age three adult stocking rate groups were formed by proportional representation from the weaner groups. The weaner phase treatments induced marked differences in patterns of growth and wool production in the weaner phase. The low plane and high plane weaners differed by 10.3 kg liveweight at the end of July and by 5.0 kg at the end of the weaner phase (December). Weaner wool production differed among groups by 0.8 kg (Clean). In the following year residual effects of weaner nutrition on liveweight were small, but statistically significant for the first eight months. However, weaner nutrition had no subsequent effect on the production of wool or lambs.

Editing in Nigeria — An Informal Study

1983 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-258
Author(s):  
Tim Griggs
Keyword(s):  
International Organizations ◽  
Third World ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
The Third ◽  
Black Africa ◽  
Technical Communicators ◽  
The Third World ◽  
First Time

The author, a Briton, presents an informal case-study of two years as Publications Secretary at a Nigerian agricultural research institute. The difficulties and frustrations he faced are described. Staff, supply, and equipment problems are discussed. He suggests that such problems may be general to black Africa and are likely to be faced by technical communicators moving for the first time to this region and to some other parts of the Third World. He concludes that such posts demand more of their incumbents in terms of personality than in terms of qualifications. He questions whether potential Third World communicators are properly informed about or prepared for their posts, and criticizes the tendency of employers, particularly international organizations, to require applicants for communications posts to hold exalted formal qualifications.

Effect of stocking rate, fodder conservation and grazing management on the performance of wether sheep in south-west Victoria. 1. Wool production

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (73) ◽  
pp. 173 ◽  
Author(s):  
AH Bishop ◽  
HA Birrell
Keyword(s):  
Major Effect ◽  
Factorial Experiment ◽  
Grazing Management ◽  
Maximum Response ◽  
Management Systems ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Wool Production ◽  
The Third ◽  
South West ◽  
Stocking Rates

In a 4 x 4 x 3 factorial experiment lasting three years, the effects of stocking rate, fodder conservation and three grazing management systems (continuous, deferred and rotational) on the wool production of wethers grazing perennial pasture were assessed. The hay conserved on the plots was fed to the sheep in such a way that the quantities made and fed would balance over a period of years. At the highest rate of stocking some oats were fed in adverse seasons. Stocking rate had the major effect on wool production in all years. Improving wool production by fodder conservation was shown to depend on stocking rate, grazing management and the seasonal conditions. In some instances fodder conservation was shown to interact with stocking rate in a manner such that the maximum response tended to occur when smaller proportions of area were conserved as stocking rate increased. The implications of this interaction are discussed. Fodder conservation increased wool production in the continuous and rotationally grazed systems in all years, but did not in two of the three years with deferred grazing. The biggest increases in wool production due to fodder conservation occurred in the third year, the driest on record when a drought reserve was used. Wool production was also influenced by the grazing management. In alt-years there was a consistent interaction with stocking rate in which the highest wool production was produced in the rotational system at high stocking rates and in the deferred system at low stocking rates.

Response of skeleton weed (Chondrilla juncea) to applied superphosphate and grazing management

1975 ◽  
Vol 15 (72) ◽  
pp. 102 ◽  
Author(s):  
GD Kohn ◽  
EG Cuthbertson
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Wagga Wagga ◽  
Stocking Rate ◽  
Lolium Rigidum ◽  
Fertilizer Rate ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Continuous Grazing ◽  
Grazing Systems ◽  
Stocking Rates

The influence of pasture topdressing with superphosphate and of stocking rate on the Chondrilla uncea population in a clover-ryegrass (Trifolium subterraneum-Lolium rigidum) pasture was measured in a grazing experiment at Wagga Wagga, New South Wales, over the period 1962 to 1966. Superphosphate application reduced final weed populations at all stocking rates. Continuous grazing maintained skeleton weed populations at a low level, but increasing the stocking rate from 5 to 15 sheep ha-1 had little influence on weed numbers. A management comparison at a high stocking rate-high fertilizer rate showed that rotational grazing increased the weed population compared with continuous grazing systems.

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