Reproductive performance of Shorthorn and Brahman crossbred cows in the dry tropics of north Queensland

1979 ◽  
Vol 19 (98) ◽  
pp. 276 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Holroyd ◽  
PK O'Rourke ◽  
PJ Allan
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Variable Effect ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Dry Tropics ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conception Rates

A study was made (1 970 to 1973) of the reproductive performance of Shorthorn and Brahman crossbred cows grazing pasture in the dry tropics of north Queensland. Breed had a variable effect on the conception rates of lactating cows, with Brahman crossbreds having significantly higher (P < 0.05) conception rates in the first year. The two breeds had similar conception rates in the following year. In the third year, overall conception rates of both breeds were reduced due to a prolonged dry season, with Shorthorn cows having significantly higher (P < 0.01) conception rates than Brahman cows. However, during this dry period, twice as many Shorthorn cows required survival feeding as did Brahman cows. Calving rates followed conception rates closely, prenatal loss in each breed being low. In all years, Shorthorns had significantly earlier (P < 0.05) calving dates than Brahmans. The interval from calving to first recorded ovarian activity was significantly longer (P < 0.05) in Brahman cross than in Shorthorn cows in only one of the three years. There was no significant difference between breeds for the interval from first recorded ovarian activity to conception, but this interval decreased with increasing age of the cow. Breed had a variable effect on gestation length. Brahman cows were generally heavier each year in April and in better condition throughout the experimental period than Shorthorn cows.

Effect of pasture type and supplementary feeding on the reproductive performance of cattle in the dry tropics of north Queensland

1977 ◽  
Vol 17 (85) ◽  
pp. 197 ◽  
Author(s):  
RG Holroyd ◽  
PJ Allan ◽  
PK O'Rourke
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Dry Tropics ◽  
Stylosanthes Humilis ◽  
Native Pasture ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Townsville Stylo

A study was made over a four year period ( 1970-1 973) on the reproductive performance of cows grazing either native pasture stocked at 1 breeder 4.9 ha-1 or native pasture oversown with Townsville stylo (Stylosanthes humilis) and fertilized with superphosphate, stocked at 1 breeder 2.4 ha-1. Animals were supplemented on each pasture type with combinations of molasses, urea and phosphorus at various times of the year. Mating from September 1 to January 31 resulted in animals lactating during the dry season. At double the stocking rate, lactating cows on fertilized pastures had similar conception rates to those on native pasture. During a prolonged dry season, lactating cows on fertilized pasture had twice the conception rate and fewer required survival feeding. Urea compared with non-urea based supplements produced significant increases in conception rates of cows grazing native pasture especially during a dry year. Calves were born earlier, had shorter intercalving intervals and fewer cows had to be fed a survival ration when urea was available. On fertilized pasture, urea based supplements caused only a marginal increase in conception rate except in a dry year, when there was a significant increase. Over the four years, there was a diminishing response in the conception rate of lactating cows grazing native pasture and supplemented with phosphorus during the wet season compared with the control. On fertilized pasture, there was a variable but non-significant response. The addition of phosphorus either as a wet or dry season supplement to urea caused variable responses on each pasture type, but none differed significantly from that of urea.

scholarly journals Behavioral, productive, reproductive and thermoregulatory performance of lactating 3/4 and 7/8 Holstein/Gir cows

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 1245-1258
Author(s):  
Diogo Alves da Costa Ferro ◽  
◽  
Rafael Alves da Costa Ferro ◽  
Klayto José Gonçalves dos Santos ◽  
Aracele Pinheiro Pales dos Santos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Fat ◽  
Dairy Farm ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Genetic Composition ◽  
Comfort Index ◽  
Holstein Breed ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to examine the behavioral, productive, reproductive and thermoregulatory performance of 3/4 and 7/8 Holstein/Gir (HG) dairy cows to identify which genetic composition suffers the least heat stress. A completely randomized design was adopted involving 20 multiparous, lactating crossbred cows from a dairy farm located in the municipality of Turvânia - GO, Brazil. During the experimental period, data on behavioral, productive, reproductive and thermoregulatory traits were collected every 15 days. Bioestat (5.0) statistical software was used for statistical analysis. The mean temperature-humidity index, ambient temperature and relative humidity obtained throughout the experimental period were 74.45, 30.51 ºC and 63.64%, respectively. In terms of reproductive performance, there was a significant difference (p < 0.05) between the genetic compositions for the time from calving to first service, with a longer period shown by the animals with greater Holstein breed genetic composition. Service period and calving interval differed significantly (p < 0.05) during the experimental period between the genetic compositions. A significant difference (p < 0.05) was also detected between the compositions for respiratory rate, with higher values observed in the animals with higher European genetic composition. Benezra thermal comfort index also differed significantly (p < 0.05), with the 7/8 HG animals showing a higher value. Lactating cows with a 7/8 HG genetic composition achieved better results in milk production, whereas those with 3/4 HG genetic composition showed superiority in milk fat composition and reproductive and thermoregulatory performance, indicating greater adaptation to the climatic conditions of the region.

scholarly journals 13FOLLICLE TURNOVER DURING SYNCHRONIZATION TREATMENTS IN MEDITERRANEAN ITALIAN BUFFALOES (BUBALUS BUBALIS)

2004 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
G. De Santis ◽  
E.M. Senatore ◽  
G.A. Presicce
Keyword(s):  
Bubalus Bubalis ◽  
Day Length ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Large Follicle ◽  
Ultrasound Monitoring ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Array Probe ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Linear Array Probe ◽  
Synchronization Protocol

The utilization of synchronization protocols for ovulation and AI in the buffaloes has not gained a widespread use among breeders due to the usually low conception rates achieved. The tendency to enter into postpartum anestrus in the period of the year characterized by increasing day length further affects the manipulation of their reproductive efficiency. This study, carried out in the months of february to may, was designed to test the hypothesis that newly growing dominant follicles towards the end of synchronization protocols for ovulation, are more competent for establishing pregnancies following AI in cycling and non cycling buffaloes. Animals were checked by ultrasound (7.5MHz linear-array probe and SSD 500 Aloka monitor) for signs of ovarian activity and classified into cycling and not-cycling based on the presence of functional CLs and follicle turnover. Cycling buffalo heifers (CHE; n=30), cycling mixed parity buffaloes (CMP; n=14)and non-cycling mixed parity buffaloes (NCMP; n=17) were selected for a direct comparison between two synchronization protocols. CHE and CMP received two GnRH administrations at Day 0 and 9 and a luteolytic dose of PG2a at Day 7, followed by a single AI at 16h from last GnRH (‘Ovsynch’). NCMP group received a PRID implant for 9 days and 1,000 IU of PMSG at Day 7 followed by two AI at 72 and 96h from PRID removal (‘PRID+PMSG’). Ultrasound monitoring for CMP and CHE of animals was performed at day 0, 2, 4, 7, 9, and day of AI. In NCMP, ultrasound monitoring was continued also at 48, 72, 96, and 120h after PRID removal. Like superscripts (a,b) after % signs indicate significant difference. A follicle &gt;9mm was present in 16/17 NCMP (94.1%a), 14/14 CMP (100%a), and 17/30 CHE (56.6%b; P&lt;0.05) at the beginning of the synchronization protocol (day 0). Demise of the first large follicle recorded at day 0 and presence of a new large follicle at day 7 to 9 leading or not to ovulation, in the ovary ipsilateral or contralateral (‘follicle shift’) occurred in 15/17 (88.2%a), 11/14 (78.5%a), and 14/30 (46.6%b; P&lt;0.05) for NCMP, CMP, and CHE respectively. Synchronized ovulations were recorded in 15/17 (88.2%a), 12/14 (85.7%a), and 26/30 (86.6%a; P&gt;0.05) for NCMP, CMP, and CHE respectively. Conception rates (CR) by ultrasound examination at 25 to 30 days post-insemination were 12/17 (70.5%a), 6/14 (42.8%ab), and 11/30 (36.6%b; P&lt;0.05) for NCMP, CMP, and CHE, respectively. Conceptions derived from follicle shift (either ipsilateral or contralateral) were 11/12 (91.6%a), 5/6 (83.3%a), and 7/11 (63.6%a; P&gt;0.05) for NCMP, CMP, and CHE, respectively. In conclusion, both synchronization protocols in the three groups of buffaloes produced good ovulation and conception rates in the unfavourable period of the year. Most pregnancies resulted from fertilization of oocytes maturing in newly selected growing follicles toward the end of the synchronization protocol, suggesting a higher development competence compared to oocytes in large follicles already available at the beginning of the procedure, not regressing and leading to ovulation.

Oestrous synchronization under range conditions in dairy goats treated with different PGF2α doses during the transitional period in Greece

2002 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-294
Author(s):  
A. G. Lymberopoulos ◽  
C. M. Boscos ◽  
S. Dellis ◽  
A. Papia ◽  
S. Belibasaki
Keyword(s):  
Farming System ◽  
Transitional Period ◽  
Ovarian Activity ◽  
Dairy Goats ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Prostaglandin F2a ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Equine Chorionic Gonadotropin

AbstractEfficacy of oestrous synchronization and post-treatment fertility was studied in a herd of 149 dairy goats (Swiss breed no. = 104, indigenous Greek breed no. = 45) kept under an extensive farming system. All does were synchronized during the transitional period (during July prior to the breeding season) using fluorogestone acetate (FGA) impregnated intra-vaginal sponges, equine chorionic gonadotropin (eCG) and different prostaglandin F2a (PGF2α) analogues. Four doses of prostaglandin F2a (group 1: 4·5 mg luprostiol; group 2: 2·25 mg luprostiol; group 3: 0·2 mg cloprostenol; group 4: 0·1 mg cloprostenol) were administered i. m. 48 h prior to the end of progestagen treatment and 400 IU eCG was administered at sponge removal. All does were inseminated with fresh semen (300 ✕ 106 spermatozoa per insemination) 42 to 44 h after sponge removal. There were no significant differences (P > 0·05) in the number of goats showing ovarian activity (blood progesterone concentration ³ 1 ng/ml) prior to oestrous synchronization between PGF2α treatment groups. No significant differences (P > 0·05) were observed for the kidding rates between the treatment groups. Our results indicate that goats with ovarian activity prior to sponge application who received high doses of PGF2α showed lower conception rates than those detected in anoestrus (P 0·05). No differences (P 0·05) were observed in conception rates between groups that received lower doses of PGF2α. July is considered to be a transitional period suitable for oestrous synchronization for both Swiss and indigenous dairy goats. Natural mating during the two subsequent cycles after artificial insemination improved kidding rate, but without any significant difference either between treated groups or between Swiss and indigenous breeds.

Effects of deoxynivalenol exposure at peripuberty over testicles of rats: structural and functional alterations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
J.R. Gerez ◽  
A.L.P.L. Gomes ◽  
R.P. Erthal ◽  
G.S.A. Fernandes ◽  
R.L.N. Matos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Leydig Cells ◽  
Caspase 3 ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
Seminiferous Tubules ◽  
Reproductive Effects ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Risk Of Exposure ◽  
Males And Females

Deoxynivalenol (DON) is related to reduced reproductive performance in males and females in several species. Children and adolescents showed a high risk of exposure to DON, however, no study has evaluated reproductive effects of DON at puberty. The present study aimed to evaluate the effects of DON at peripuberty on the testicles of pubertal rats. To achieve this, 10 Wistar rats (28 days old) were fed for 28 days with a DON-contaminated diet (9.4 mg/kg) or a control diet. After the experimental period, rats (56 days old) were euthanised and the following evaluations were performed in the testicles: dynamics of spermatogenesis, tubular morphometry, number of Sertoli cells and Leydig cells, analysis of caspase-3 expression, and the index of cell proliferation using the nucleolus organising regions (NOR) method. Ingestion of DON-contaminated diet induced a significant reduction in the number of Sertoli and Leydig cells and the number of seminiferous tubules in stage XIV. A significant increase in the number of NORs in seminiferous tubules in stage I-VI was observed in animals receiving the DON diet. No significant difference was noted in tubular morphometry or caspase-3 expression. Taken together, our results unravelled that the peripubertal exposure to DON compromised the testicular structure of pubertal rats, changing the dynamics of spermatogenesis.

scholarly journals Productive and reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian crossbred and indigenous cow under small holder farming system

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (3) ◽  
pp. 166-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
MJA Mamun ◽  
MAS Khan ◽  
MAH Sarker ◽  
MN Islam
Keyword(s):  
Milk Yield ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
Lactation Period ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Holstein Friesian ◽  
Biological Studies ◽  
Significant Difference

This study was done to investigate the productive and reproductive performances of Holstein Friesian crossbred (HF) and indigenous (IG) cows. A total 131 dairy cows of two genetic groups as IG (117 heads) and HF (14 heads) were selected randomly. The study found that the average milk yield per day of HF and IG cows were 7.64±1.74 and 1.75±0.07 liters/day, respectively. The milk yield was found significantly (p<0.01) higher in HF cows than of IG cows. The lactation period of HF was significantly (p<0.05) higher than of IG cows. Age at first calving of IG cows was significantly (p<0.01) 4 months higher than HF cows. The number of service per conception was almost similar for HF and IG cows. Higher significant difference was found in Post-partum oestrus (p<0.05), dry period (p<0.01), calving intervals (p<0.01) of IG than HF cows. The gestation length of HF and IG cows was significantly indifferent. Above biological studies mentioned better productive and reproductive performance of HF cows than IG cows.Bang. J. Anim. Sci. 2015. 44 (3):166-170

scholarly journals Biostimulation and reproductive performance of artificially inseminated rabbit does (Oryctolagus cuniculus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 313
Author(s):  
F. E. EL-Azzazi ◽  
I. M. Hegab ◽  
A. M. Hanafy
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Efficiency ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Exposure Session ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
New Zealand White Rabbits ◽  
Abdominal Palpation ◽  
Conception Rates ◽  
Size At Birth

Biostimulation is a non-hormonal and practical technique that has not yet been widely utilised when applied immediately before insemination to improve reproductive efficiency in livestock species. This study was conducted to determine the influence of short-term male biostimulation on behavioural and reproductive performance of inseminated rabbit does. A total of 142 female New Zealand White rabbits were randomly assigned to 3 groups. Females were either exposed to male odour (Odour group) or an adult aproned male (Male group), while the remaining does that were neither exposed to the male odour nor the adult male are considered the control group. All females were inseminated after the 2 h exposure session. Conception rates were determined by abdominal palpation 12 d after insemination. The results showed that conception rate of the male odour group (79.59%) was greater than that of male presence group (76.09%) and that of the control group (68.09%). Moreover, biostimulated does showed significant behavioural activities during the 2 h exposure session compared to the control group. Although no significant differences were recognised, litter size at birth and at weaning was slightly increased in biostimulated compared to control females. Nor were there any significant difference in serum oestradiol concentrations between treated groups. Conclusively, short-term 2 h biostimulation of rabbit does resulted in the appearance of various behavioural responses followed by differences in conception rates between groups after routine artificial insemination.

Evaluation of reproductive performance in sows of PresticeBlack-Pied pig - Czech genetic resource

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pavel Nevrkla ◽  
Eva Václavková ◽  
Zdenìk Hadaş ◽  
Pavel Horký
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Experimental Work ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Genetic Resource ◽  
Conception Rate ◽  
Gestation Length ◽  
The Third ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Length Of Interval

The aim of the study was to evaluate reproductive performance in selected sows of Prestice Black-Pied pig included in Czech genetic resources and also to analyse losses of piglets and culling of sows according to parity order. The experimental work was conducted in a nucleic herd of sows registered in breeding book. A total of 88 sows were included in the observation. Findings indicate that productive parameters of Prestice Black-Pied sows are comparable to productive parameters of modern genotype sows. The results also showed that the highes conception rate after the first insemination was achieved after the second, the third and the fourth parity. Analysis of gestation length revealed that it was significantly influenced by the parity. Very highly significant difference (P<0.001) was found between the 1st and the 2nd parity and between the 1st and the 4th parity. Total numbers of piglets and numbers live-born, stillborn and reared piglets per litter increased significantly (P<0.001, P<0.01, P<0.05) up to the 4th parity, afterwards they continuously decreased. The number of stillborn piglets was the lowest at the 2nd parity, the highest at the 5th and the 6th parity (P<0.05). Length of interval was highly significantly different (P<0.01) between the 2nd and the 5th parity and significantly different (P<0.05) between the 4th and the 5th parity. Differences in the losses of piglets were not significant among parities. The most radical culling of sows was recorded after the 3rd and the 4th parity.

Effect of Bypass Protein on Milk Production and Economic of Lactating Crossbred Cows

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
RATNESH K CHOUDHARY ◽  
A Saran ROY ◽  
N K SINGH3 ◽  
SANJAY KUMAR ◽  
RAUSHAN K SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Lactating Cows ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Total Diet ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Daily Milk Yield ◽  
On Farm ◽  
Daily Milk

An On-Farm Trial was conducted on 24 lactating crossbred cows for assessment of feeding formaldehyde treated mustard cake (bypass protein) on milk production and economic analysis of lactating cow. Cows were divided into three groups having 8 cows each, treatments were farmers’ practice (FP); (Control): The lactating animals under this group were fedas per the feeding schedule of the farmers (5 kg. dry roughage as rice straw + 6 hrs grazing as local grass and 4 kg. commercial concentrates), T1: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing the same amount of commercial concentrates andT2: The lactating animals under this group were fed as per farmers practicewith 12% formaldehyde treated mustard cake of total diet was provided to the cow by replacing same amount of commercial concentrates. The average daily milk yield of lactating cows under FP, T1 and T2 was 8.58, 8.82 and 9.85 kg per cow, respectively. Differences between FP and T2 were significant. The daily increase in milk yield was 1.27 kg and 1.03 kg in cows fed T2diet over the cows fed FP and T1diet, respectively. The B: C ratios for FP, T1 and T2 groups were 2.6, 3.0 and 3.3, respectively. The feed cost reduced in T2 group by Rs. 8.64 and increased milk production by 1.27 kg in respect to FP group.

scholarly journals Assessment of the Growth and Reproductive Performance of Cloned Pietrain Boars

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2053
Author(s):  
Junsong Shi ◽  
Baohua Tan ◽  
Lvhua Luo ◽  
Zicong Li ◽  
Linjun Hong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Body Size ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Semen Quality ◽  
Small Body ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Large Animal ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
F1 Progeny

How to maximize the use of the genetic merits of the high-ranking boars (also called superior ones) is a considerable question in the pig breeding industry, considering the money and time spent on selection. Somatic cell nuclear transfer (SCNT) is one of the potential ways to answer the question, which can be applied to produce clones with genetic resources of superior boar for the production of commercial pigs. For practical application, it is essential to investigate whether the clones and their progeny keep behaving better than the “normal boars”, considering that in vitro culture and transfer manipulation would cause a series of harmful effects to the development of clones. In this study, 59,061 cloned embryos were transferred into 250 recipient sows to produce the clones of superior Pietrain boars. The growth performance of 12 clones and 36 non-clones and the semen quality of 19 clones and 28 non-clones were compared. The reproductive performance of 21 clones and 25 non-clones were also tested. Furthermore, we made a comparison in the growth performance between 466 progeny of the clones and 822 progeny of the non-clones. Our results showed that no significant difference in semen quality and reproductive performance was observed between the clones and the non-clones, although the clones grew slower and exhibited smaller body size than the non-clones. The F1 progeny of the clones showed a greater growth rate than the non-clones. Our results demonstrated through the large animal population showed that SCNT manipulation resulted in a low growth rate and small body size, but the clones could normally produce F1 progeny with excellent growth traits to bring more economic benefits. Therefore, SCNT could be effective in enlarging the merit genetics of the superior boars and increasing the economic benefits in pig reproduction and breeding.

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