Effect of birthweight on survival in triplet-born lambs

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (7) ◽  
pp. 984 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. C. H. Morel ◽  
S. T. Morris ◽  
P. R. Kenyon
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Competitive Ability ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Mixed Age ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Heavy Group ◽  
Light Medium ◽  
Overall Mortality

Lambing percentage is the main contributor to higher profit on New Zealand sheep farms and has increased from 98% in 1960 to 124% in 2006. As ewe litter size increases so does the proportion of triplet-born lambs and consequently preweaning mortality rate. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of birthweight (BWT) on survival in triplet-born lambs within and among litters. Data from a total of 594 triplet crossbreed lambs born to mixed-age ewes was analysed. For the statistical analysis, the lambs were allocated according to their BWT, and within the litter were then allocated to three BWT groups (light, medium and heavy). The following parameters were calculated: total litter BWT (TBWT), percentage of TBWT for each lamb (PBWT = BWT/TBWT), coefficient of variation for BWT within litter and lamb average daily gain from birth to weaning. The mortality rate for the light, medium and heavy lambs was 56, 40 and 28%, respectively, and consequently the lightest lamb in a litter was 3.2 times more likely to die than the heaviest lamb. In the light lamb group, as BWT increased mortality decreased (P = 0.006), for medium lambs BWT did not influence mortality (P = 0.88) and in the heavy group there was a trend of increased BWT associated with increased mortality (P = 0.10). The negative relationship between lamb mortality and PBWT was identical in the three BWT groups (P < 0.0001). The effect of BWT on lamb mortality became non-significant when PBWT was fitted in the same model. This means that, in triplet-born lambs, mortality is not influenced by the BWT of the lamb itself, but by the BWT of its littermates. It can be calculated that a 4-kg lamb has a 24% chance of surviving in a litter of 16 kg, a 60% chance in a litter of 12 kg and an 87% chance of surviving in a litter of 8 kg. It is concluded that reducing the variation in BWT within a litter, or specifically managing the lightest lamb at birth, will increase the competitive ability for survival of each lamb and, therefore, decrease overall mortality and further improve farm profitability.

A comparison of the growth of Brahman and F1 Senepol × Brahman steers in an Indonesian feedlot

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Schatz
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Brahman Steers ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Live Export

This study compares the performance of F1 Senepol × Brahman steers (F1 SEN) to Brahman (BRAH) steers in an Indonesian feedlot. The focus was to address concerns that crossbred cattle are discriminated against by live export cattle buyers due to a perception that they do not perform as well as Brahmans in Indonesian feedlots. F1 SEN (n = 54) and BRAH (n = 32) steers that had grazed together since weaning at Douglas Daly Research Farm (Northern Territory) were exported to Indonesia and fed for 121 days in a feedlot near Lampung (Sumatra, Indonesia). The average daily gain of the F1 SEN steers over the feeding period was 0.17 kg/day higher (P < 0.001) than the BRAH steers (1.71 vs 1.54 kg/day). As a result the F1 SEN put on an average of 21.6 kg more over the 121-day feeding period and they did not have a higher mortality rate. Consequently, F1 SEN steers performed better than BRAH in an Indonesian feedlot and these results should encourage live export cattle buyers to purchase this type of cattle (Brahman crossed with a tropically adapted Bos taurus breed) with confidence that they can perform at least as well as Brahmans in Indonesian feedlots, although it should be noted that growth rates are usually higher in F1 crosses than in subsequent generations.

scholarly journals PEMANFAATAN MANURE HASIL DEGRADASI LARVA LALAT HITAM (Hermetia illucens L) SEBAGAI PENGGANTI TEPUNG IKAN TERHADAP PENAMPILAN AYAM BURAS FASE GROWER

ZOOTEC ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 395
Author(s):  
Elvis N. Simboh ◽  
H.J. Manangkot ◽  
L.J. Lambey ◽  
L.M.S. Tangkau
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Feed Consumption ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Black Fly ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Daily Gain

UTILIZATION MANURE DEGRADED USING BLACK FLY LARVAE (Hermetia illucens L) SUBSTITUTING FISH MEAL IN RATION ON LOCAL GROWING CHICKENThe objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of local growing chicken fed ration containing manure flour degraded (MFD) by Larva of black fly (Hermetia illucens L). This experiment was carried out using a complete Randomized Design (RAL), consisted of 4 treatments and five replications in each treatment as follows: R0 = Rations with 15% fish meal + 0% MFD, R1 = 10% fish meal + 5% MFD, R2 = 5%  fish meal + 10% MFD, and R3 = 0% fish meal + 5% MFD. The variables measured were feed consumption, average daily gain and feed efficiency. Statistical analysis was done according to the procedure using analysis of variance. Results obtained in the research showed that treatments did not affected significantly feed consumption, average daily gain and feed efficiency of local grower chicken. Therefore, it can be concluded that MFD can be used as the candidate ingredient replacing fish meal in ration of the local grower chicken.Key words: Manure flour degraded, fish meal, black fly, kampong growing chicken

Intake of lasalocid-containing mineral supplements by grazing beef heifers

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Rode ◽  
T. J. Lysyk ◽  
K. A. Beauchemin
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Daily Gain

A 2-yr grazing study was conducted to determine the effect of lasalocid (BOVATEC) supplement, to yearling beef heifers, on growth rate, reproductive performance and survival of horn fly larvae in feces. Lasalocid was supplemented via a commercially prepared mineral mix offered free-choice. Average daily mineral intake was 83.2 and 89.1, and 140.3 and 147.2 g head−1, for BOVATEC and CONTROL animals, in years 1 and 2, respectively. Mineral intake was unaffected by treatment. The variability in mineral intake was high, as indicated by the large coefficients of variation: 32.1 and 29.1% in year 1 and 29.0 and 38.8% in year 2, for BOVATEC and CONTROL treated animals, respectively. Average daily gain for BOVATEC heifers was 14.5% greater (P = 0.04) than for CONTROL heifers in year 1 even though lasalocid intake was less than the expected level, but only 3% greater (P = 0.51) in year 2. Lasalocid had no significant effect on reproductive performance of heifers or on horn fly larval survival in cattle feces. Horn fly larval survival showed a weak (R = 0.21) and negative relationship with manure nitrogen content. Key words: Mineral consumption, lasalocid, ionophore, pasture, cattle

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perlakuan Sexing terhadap Konsumsi Pakan, Pertambahan Berat Badan, dan Konversi Pakan Ayam Ras Pedaging di Kandang Semi Closed House

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Herry Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Broiler Chicken ◽  
Maintenance Treatment ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Daily Gain

The purpose of this study was to test and evaluate feed intake, average daily gain and feed conversion ratio of male and female broilers with a separate maintenance treatment (sexing) in semi-closed house cages. The study was conducted at Joni Farm, Tegineneng Subdistrict, Pesawaran District. The type of research used was experimental research comparing the performance of male and female broilers that were kept separately (sexing) at the age of 12 days to 30 days. Experimental broilers used during research were 94 male and 94 female Lohmann. The variables observed in this study were male and female broiler on feed intake, average daily gain (ADG) and Feed Convertion Ratio (FCR). Based on the results of statistical analysis showed sexing has a significant effect on ADG and FCR. Sexing had no effect on feed intake. The average feed intake of male broiler chicken feed was 128.12 grams, while the consumption of female broiler was 120.00 grams. Average daily gain (ADG) of male broiler was higher than female broiler , ADG male broiler were 75.61 grams, while ADG female broiler were 66.28 grams. FCR of female broilers was 1.77 wich higher than male broilers was 1.57. Keywords: Average Daily Gain, Feed Convertion, Feed Intake, Sexing Chicken Broiler

Uniform or heterogeneous weight groups as factors in mixing weanling pigs

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 (2) ◽  
pp. 171-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. A. Francis ◽  
G. I. Christison ◽  
N. F. Cymbaluk
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Performance Criteria ◽  
Light Weight ◽  
Weanling Pigs ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Weight Groups ◽  
Light Medium

A series of trials evaluated the behavior and performance of pigs grouped into three main categories at weaning: (1) unmixed litters, (2) mixed into uniform body weight groups (light, medium and heavy) and (3) mixed into heterogeneous weight groups. The effects of grouping on performance criteria were conflicting among trials and with time after weaning. In trial 1, heterogeneous groups had lower (P = 0.09) average daily gain to 5 d after weaning than intact litters. The reverse was observed in trial 2. In trial 3, uniform weight groups grew more rapidly (P < 0.01) than heterogenous groups. These treatment differences persisted through 19 d post-weaning for pigs in trials 1 and 2 but were no longer evident in trial 3. Play/fight behavior was highest (P < 0.01) among uniform weight groups resulting in an increased wounding score for head and shoulders of pigs in medium and heavy weight groups. In trial 1, structures which allowed individuals to hide their heads were available for the first 5 d but did not affect behavior or wounding. In trial 2, pigs from the three main groupings were mixed again on day 19 into three new groupings (unmixed, uniform weight or heterogenous weight). There were no performance differences among the nine grouping combinations 40 d after weaning. We conclude that if litter groups cannot be maintained after weaning, it may be advantageous to mix newly weaned pigs into uniform weight groups although the benefit is not consistently present. If space is limited, the greatest benefit would be to group light weight pigs together. Key words: Pigs, weanlings, behavior, lesions, head hides, mixing

scholarly journals Importance of Vaccination Against Atrophic Rhinitis in Pigs on Average Daily Gain and Mortality Rate

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad STOJANAC ◽  
Mladen GAGRČIN ◽  
Ognjen STEVANČEVIĆ ◽  
Miroslav UROŠEVIĆ ◽  
Vladimir MLAĐAN
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Atrophic Rhinitis ◽  
Daily Gain

scholarly journals PSI-31 Retrospective analysis of growth performance and carcass ultrasound data of yearling bulls enrolled at the Cal Poly Bull Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 470-471
Author(s):  
Catherine E Field ◽  
Maria K Chavez ◽  
Mohammed Abo-Ismail ◽  
Zach D McFarlane
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Sale Price ◽  
Scrotal Circumference ◽  
Breed Differences ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Daily Gain

Abstract Since 1956, the Cal Poly Bull Test has evaluated performance of yearling bulls in a multi-breed contemporary group in the western United States. The main objectives of this study were to evaluate the consistency of the relationship between growth and ultrasound traits and between the number of bulls selling and sale price over a 19-year period from 2001–2019. Out of 3,712 bulls, a total of 2,503 Angus and 453 Hereford bulls were used in the analyses using SAS. Bulls were sold in the following pre-determined breed categories; Angus Heifer Bulls, Multi-Trait Angus Bulls, Growth Angus Bulls, and Hereford Bulls. The breed × year interaction significantly (P &lt; 0.01) affected sale price, scrotal circumference (SC), ultrasound ribeye area (UREA), ultrasound intramuscular fat percentage (UIMF), end weight, and average daily gain (ADG). Overall, Hereford bulls had significantly (P &lt; 0.0001) lower ADG than Angus bulls. A positive relationship between ADG and UREA (P &lt; 0.0001; r2 = 0.10) and between UREA and SC (P &lt; 0.0001; r2 = 0.05) was observed. A significant, positive relationship (P &lt; 0.01; r2 = 0.24) between end weight and REA was also exhibited. A significant breed × year interaction (P &lt; 0.01) was observed for sale price, wherein Angus heifer bulls consistently sold for the highest price. Additionally, sale price analyses indicated a moderate, negative relationship (P = 0.02; r2 = -0.584) between number of animals entered in the sale and price. Consistently, Angus bulls had higher (P &lt; 0.0001) sale prices. Sales with higher bull numbers were those with the lowest average prices. The year and breed category explained 31 and 22.5 % of the variance in the price, respectively. Growth performance and sale price may have a biological or genetic component as indicated by breed differences consistently over the 19-year period.

Additional nutritional considerations for preconditioning beef calves.

EDIS ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Philipe Moriel
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Labor Costs ◽  
Vaccine Response ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Beef Calves ◽  
Supplemental Feed ◽  
Concentrate Supplementation ◽  
Protein Supply ◽  
Daily Gain

Calves can be preconditioned using a wide variety of supplemental feed ingredients. However, feed ingredient selection is not the only factor to consider during a preconditioning process. Increasing the protein supply to stressed, preconditioning beef steers led to greater growth performance, and increased immune response to vaccination during a 42-day preconditioning period. Producers should not reduce the frequency of concentrate supplementation during the entire preconditioning period as it might lead to poorer vaccine response and average daily gain (consequently, less calf value at sale). However, a gradual reduction of frequency of supplementation is a supplementation strategy that can overcome these negative effects on growth and immunity, and allows producers to save on feeding and labor costs without producing lighter calves that have weaker immune responses.  

Measuring Effectiveness Of Economic Growth On Reducing Infant Mortality Rate In Tamilnadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 129-141
Author(s):  
Mr. Y. EBENEZER
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Domestic Product ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Adf Test ◽  
Bound Test

                   This paper deals with economic growth and infant mortality rate in Tamilnadu. The objects of this paper are to test the relationship between Per capita Net State Domestic Product and infant mortality rate and also to measure the impact of Per capita Net State Domestic Product on infant mortality rate in Tamil Nadu. This analysis has employed the ADF test and ARDL approach. The result of the study shows that IMR got reduced and Per capita Net State Domestic Product increased during the study period. This analysis also revealed that there is a negative relationship between IMR and the economic growth of Tamilnadu. In addition, ARDL bound test result has concluded that per capita Net State Domestic Product of Tamilnadu has long run association with IMR.

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