Intake of lasalocid-containing mineral supplements by grazing beef heifers

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. M. Rode ◽  
T. J. Lysyk ◽  
K. A. Beauchemin
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Larval Survival ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Mineral Supplements ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Daily Gain

A 2-yr grazing study was conducted to determine the effect of lasalocid (BOVATEC) supplement, to yearling beef heifers, on growth rate, reproductive performance and survival of horn fly larvae in feces. Lasalocid was supplemented via a commercially prepared mineral mix offered free-choice. Average daily mineral intake was 83.2 and 89.1, and 140.3 and 147.2 g head−1, for BOVATEC and CONTROL animals, in years 1 and 2, respectively. Mineral intake was unaffected by treatment. The variability in mineral intake was high, as indicated by the large coefficients of variation: 32.1 and 29.1% in year 1 and 29.0 and 38.8% in year 2, for BOVATEC and CONTROL treated animals, respectively. Average daily gain for BOVATEC heifers was 14.5% greater (P = 0.04) than for CONTROL heifers in year 1 even though lasalocid intake was less than the expected level, but only 3% greater (P = 0.51) in year 2. Lasalocid had no significant effect on reproductive performance of heifers or on horn fly larval survival in cattle feces. Horn fly larval survival showed a weak (R = 0.21) and negative relationship with manure nitrogen content. Key words: Mineral consumption, lasalocid, ionophore, pasture, cattle

scholarly journals Effect of Diet on Replacement Beef Heifer Growth and Reproductive Performance

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Janice G. P. Bowman ◽  
Bok F. Sowell
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Roller Mill ◽  
Feed Cost ◽  
Alfalfa Hay ◽  
Grass Hay ◽  
Beef Heifer ◽  
Daily Gain

One hundred-one crossbred beef heifers (average weight 256.1 kg) were used to evaluate the effects of diet during an 84-day period, on growth and reproductive performance. The four treatments were: 1) grass hay; 2) grass hay + 0.9 kg/day barley; 3) grass hay + 1.8 kg/day barley; and 4) alfalfa hay. Heifers were assigned randomly to 12 pens by weight (three pens/treatment). Prior to feeding, barley was cracked through a roller-mill. Heifers consuming alfalfa hay or grass hay + 1.8 kg barley gained 39% faster (0.68 and 0.74 kg/day, respectively; P = 0.01) than heifers consuming grass hay alone (0.51 kg/day). Heifers consuming grass hay + 0.9 kg barley were intermediate in average daily gain (ADG; 0.63 kg/day). Hay intake was 16% greater (P < 0.10) by heifers consuming alfalfa hay, grass hay, and grass hay + 0.9 kg barley compared with those consuming grass hay + 1.8 kg barley (average 8.1 vs 7.0 kg/day). Using costs (USD) of $0.066/kg, $0.099/kg, and $0.0935/kg for grass hay, alfalfa hay, and barley, respectively, feed cost/day was greatest (P < 0.01) for alfalfa hay ($0.81/day), intermediate for the grass hay + barley diets (average $0.63/day), and lowest for grass hay ($0.53/day). Cost/kg gain was less (P < 0.10) for grass hay + 1.8 kg barley compared with alfalfa hay. No diet differences (P > 0.70) were found in reproductive performance of the heifers. Feeding replacement heifers alfalfa hay resulted in performance equivalent to feeding grass hay + 1.8 kg barley, but the alfalfa hay diet had a higher cost.

The effect of zeranol implants on growth and pregnancy loss in beef heifers

1994 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. D. King ◽  
R. N. Kirkwood ◽  
C. L. Guenther ◽  
R. D. H. Cohen ◽  
G. A. Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Fetal Mortality ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Calf Survival ◽  
Daily Gain

Live weight, average daily gain (ADG) and reproductive performance were compared between heifers implanted with zeranol at birth, 100 and 200 d of age (n = 54) and those not implanted (n = 50). Zeranol implantation resulted in increased (P < 0.05) ADG from birth to weaning, weaning weight, ADG from weaning to breeding, breeding weight and calving weight but did not affect (P > 0.05) calf birth weights, incidence of dystocia, calf survival or gestation lengths. Zeranol implants did not affect (P > 0.05) the incidence or magnitude of the pre-ovulatory LH surge or the number of heifers that ovulated between 48 and 168 h after cloprostenol injection. Pregnancy rate 42 d after bull entry did not differ between the two groups (P > 0.10), tended toward a difference at 72 d (P < 0.10), and was different at 133 d (P < 0.05), with implanted heifers having a lower pregnancy rate than non-implanted heifers. Between day 72 and day 133 after bull entry there was a 10% embryonic or fetal mortality rate in zeranol-implanted heifers, which differed from the 0% loss in non-implanted heifers (P < 0.05). We conclude that serial implants of zeranol from birth reduced the pregnancy rate in heifers and that this effect was due to early fetal loss. Key words: Zeranol, embryonic/fetal mortality, bovine, pregnancy rate, ultrasonography

scholarly journals Influences of environment on the development and lifetime reproductive performance in domestic rabbit females

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Savietto ◽  
E. Martínez-Paredes ◽  
J.J. Pascual
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Adult Life ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Body Development ◽  
Rabbit Haemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
Haemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
Daily Gain

<p class="MDPI18keywords">Environmental insults of different nature and intensity, such as fluctuation in the air temperature, which can affect access to food, its quality and diseases, are a reality in any livestock system. This is much more important when the insults occur in early life, conditioning the development and adult life of animals. In ecology, for instance, it is widely accepted that high quality offspring are more reactive against predators, occupy better territories and find more mates, resulting in longer lives and greater fitness. It is also a given that adults exposed to famine or disease as juveniles have shorter lives and produce fewer offspring. To determine whether the environment influences the development and lifetime reproductive performance of rabbit females, we designed an experiment combining two factors: nest and pubescent development. Nest development was measured by recording the average daily gain of 864 females during suckling and during their pubescent life (63 to 184 d old), and body development was conditioned by providing animals a high-energy control (C) or a fibre-rich (F) diet. However, in the course of the study, 191 of the 864 pubescent females were exposed to rabbit haemorrhagic disease (RHD). This unexpected environmental insult was considered as a third experimental factor influencing the reproductive performance of rabbit females. Contrary to expectation, fast suckling gain impairs reproductive lifespan, resulting in fewer newborn kits produced in a female lifetime. Although females on diet F lived 37 d longer than females on diet C, this difference was only perceived in their pubescent life. In addition, the exposure to RHD interacted with suckling gain (SG). Exposed females with a fast SG produced more kits as adults, but in the absence of the virus, high SG females produced fewer newborn kits. These results open new insights into the management of future breeders during nesting and pubescent life.</p>

SUMMER TREATMENTS FOR CATTLE GRUB CONTROL AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HORN FLIES AND CATTLE WEIGHT GAINS

1965 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. Khan ◽  
J. E. Lawson
Keyword(s):  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Haematobia Irritans ◽  
Horn Fly ◽  
Systemic Control ◽  
Weight Gains ◽  
Horn Flies ◽  
Daily Gain

Spraying yearlings with 2% Co-Ral in July was 100% effective for systemic control of cattle grubs (Hypoderma spp.). Spraying spring calves with 1% Co-Ral in August was equally effective, and gave better control (P < 0.01) than spraying with 1 or 2% Co-Ral in June or 0.5% Co-Ral in July. Co-Ral sprays were not suitable for horn fly (Haematobia irritans L.) control.Two per cent Sevin sprayed on calves in June or July did not control cattle grubs, and only partially controlled horn flies.Compared with the control group, the average daily gain was higher (P < 0.05) to weaning but lower (P < 0.05) in the feedlot in calves sprayed with 2% Sevin in June. Similarly, it was higher (P < 0.05) from birth to the end of the feedlot period in calves sprayed with 2% Co-Ral in June, but lower (P < 0.05) in calves sprayed with 0.5% Co-Ral in July.Mild toxicosis occurred in five calves sprayed with 2% Co-Ral in June, and subclinical toxicosis in calves sprayed with 1% Co-Ral in August.

Synovex® H as a prenatal androgenizing agent in beef cattle: Effects on the implanted pregnant heifer

1995 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 543-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. L. Aldrich ◽  
L. L. Berger ◽  
D. J. Kesler ◽  
D. B. Faulkner ◽  
J. W. Castrée
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Calving Ease ◽  
Calving Rate ◽  
And Control ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Estradiol Levels ◽  
Pregnancy Hormones

A study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of Synovex® H as an agent for prenatal androgenization in beef cattle. Thirty Charolais-cross heifers, exposed to a fertile bull during a 55-d spring breeding season, were randomly assigned to a control group or implanted with three times the normal dose of Synovex® H between days 20 and 75 of gestation. Serum concentrations of testosterone, estradiol, and progesterone, calving rate, and growth performance were determined in the pregnant heifers. Testosterone levels were greater (P < 0.001) in treated heifers than in control heifers. Synovex® H treatment had no affect on estradiol levels. Progesterone levels were lowered (P < 0.05) in treated heifers. Synovex® H treatment decreased (P < 0.05) calving rate and birth weight of calves born to treated heifers. Calving ease scores were not affected by Synovex® H treatment. Weight was not affected; however, average daily gain was improved 7% by Synovex® H treatment (0.88 vs. 0.82 ± 0.04 kg d−1, treated and control heifers, respectively). These results are interpreted to suggest that Synovex® H is not an appropriate androgenizing agent for cattle due to adverse effects on progesterone concentrations during pregnancy and on calving rate. Key words: Cattle, prenatal androgenization, Synovex® H, pregnancy, hormones

The effect of deworming naturally infected heifers on liveweight gain, reproductive performance and fecal egg counts

1993 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-293
Author(s):  
S. L. Boyles ◽  
L. J. Johnson ◽  
W. D. Slanger ◽  
B. J. Kreft ◽  
J. D. Kirsch
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Fecal Sample ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Age At Puberty ◽  
Daily Gain

Twenty-six of 52 heifers with an average liveweight of 318 kg were dewormed by intraruminal injection of oxfendazole and placed in drylot on 31 January. The other 26 animals served as controls. All heifers were pastured starting on 14 June and the treatment heifers were dewormed in the same manner as at the start of the experiment (31 January) on 1 July and 31 July. The groups started out with similar total worm eggs per gram of fecal sample, but the dewormed heifers had fewer counts each month thereafter. The drylot average daily gain of the treated heifers was higher (P = 0.01) and less variable (P = 0.12) and by 29 May these animals were heavier by 11.7 kg (P = 0.10). The treated animals did not gain as fast on pasture (P = 0.20), but the gain continued to be less variable (P = 0.09). Age at puberty was not different. Number of open heifers in the treated group was 4 vs. 15% for the control group (P = 0.18). Deworming by intraruminal injection resulted in faster feedlot gains, more uniform gains during both drylot and pasture, reduced parasites and no abscess at injection sites. Key words: Anthelmintics, oxfendazole, cattle, heifers

Breeding Australian crossbred ewes with Arabian fat-tailed rams for intensive lamb production

1996 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
RC Malik ◽  
MA Razzaque ◽  
S Abbas ◽  
T Al-Mutawa ◽  
N Al-Khozam
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Litter Size ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Intensive Management ◽  
Season Of Birth ◽  
Genetic Groups ◽  
Sources Of Variation ◽  
Daily Gain

The reproductive performance under intensive management of Border Leicester x Merino (BLM), Dorset x Merino (DM), and Suffolk x Merino (SM) ewes imported from Australia, and local fat-tailed Naeemi (N) ewes mated to N rams was studied. Progeny performance for birth and weaning weights, average daily gain (ADG) and preweaning survival was also evaluated. BLM ewes showed the highest reproductive performance. They produced and weaned (at 8 weeks) significantly more lambs (P<0.05) than any of the other ewe genotypes. The reproductive performance of the BLM, N, DM and SM ewes, mated twice, 8 months apart, was 127, 85, 91 and 85 respectively for percentage of lambs born to ewes joined, 109, 72, 77 and 70 respectively for percentage of lambs weaned to ewes joined, and 17.8, 13.5, 12.1 and 11.6 kg respectively of lamb weaned per ewe joined over the period of 13 months from the first joining until last lambs weaned. The effect of season on ewe reproduction was significant. Birth weight was not influenced by genotype or season but did change significantly with litter size. Genetic group, litter size, season of birth and birth weight were significant sources of variation in the ADG and weaning weight of the lamb. N x BLM lambs were weaned at significantly heavier weights than lambs of the remaining 3 groups. Season of birth and birth weight also significantly affected preweaning lamb survival. About 86% of the lambs born alive were weaned with little difference between genetic groups in survival rates.

scholarly journals Effects of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFA) Supplementation on Reproductive Performance of Beef Heifers Submitted to Fixed-time Artificial Insemination (FTAI) Protocol

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
João Batista Souza Gorges ◽  
Andressa Varella Gonsioroski ◽  
Eduardo Pradebon Da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Pufa Supplementation ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Ovulatory Follicles ◽  
Dietary Treatments ◽  
And Control ◽  
Group 1

Background: More recently, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplements have been used in grazing beef herds in attempt to influence specific metabolic pathways and hormones that directly modulate reproductive function. Supplementation of calcium salts of PUFA can positively influence ovarian follicular growth, luteal function, and improve reproductive performance in dairy and beef females. The aim of this experiment was to evaluate strategies of dietary treatments using PUFA supplementation for 30 days before or after FTAI protocol and its effects on of ovulatory follicle size, ovulation, pregnancy and gestational losses rates in beef heifers.Materials, Methods & Results: One hundred and ninety-nine Brangus heifers (24 ± 3 months-old; BW= 320 ± 15 kg; BCS= 2.85 ± 0.17) were randomly assigned in three different groups to receive dietary treatments. Group 1 (n = 70) was fed with 0.5 kg/day of a protein-mineral mixture supplement containing 0.2 kg/day PUFA (Mix A)during 30 days before FTAI, Group 2 (n = 68) received the same supplement 30 days after FTAI and Control (n = 61) only the supplement without PUFA (Mix B) during all period. Heifers were submitted to estrous synchronization treatment using progesterone (P4), estradiol benzoate (E2) and prostaglandin F2a  (PGF). Ultrasound exams were done to measure ovulatory follicle diameter and to determinate ovulation and pregnancy rates on Day 30 and 60 after FTAI. Daily gain (DG) was higher (P < 0.05) only when heifers received supplement containing PUFA (Group 1= 30 days prior FTAI) and (Group 2= 30 days after FTAI). PUFA supplementation before FTAI also resulted in larger ovulatory follicles diameter (P < 0.05) in Group 1 (11.2 ± 2.5 mm) compared to Group 2 (9.9 ± 2.3 mm) and Control (10.0 ± 2.07 mm). Ovulation rates were similar (P > 0.05) in Group 1 (90%), Group 2 (75%) and Control (67%). Pregnancy rates were higher (P < 0.05) in Group 1 (Day 30= 67.1% and Day 60= 64.2%) when compared with Group 2 (Day 30= 48.5% and Day 60= 44.1%) and Control (Day 30= 49.2% and Day 60= 45.9%). Gestation losses were similar (P > 0.05) among Groups 1 (6.6%), 2 (9%) and Control (6.6%).Discussion: Rumen-protected supplemental lipids have been used to increase energy density and to determine direct positive effects on reproduction in dairy and beef herds.  There is evidence that feeding moderate amounts of PUFA supplements can improve energy status and result in significant differences in DG as it was observed during experimental period. Thus, heifers that received 0.2 kg/day of PUFA supplement 30 days before FTAI protocol had also a positive effect on ovulatory follicles size, but ovulation rates were similar in groups. Beneficial effects of pre-breeding PUFA supplementation were observed on pregnancy rates on Days 30 and 60 after FTAI, but pregnancy loss was not different among dietary treatments in beef heifers. Based on this study, PUFA supplementation before FTAI protocol had a positive effect on reproductive performance of beef heifers by directly improving ovarian function, uterine environment and early embryonic development. Results indicate that pre-breeding PUFA supplementation to beef heifers is a suitable strategy to increase pregnancy rate in FTAI programs. Therefore, for a better understanding of interactions of nutritional strategies and utero-ovarian functions more evaluations are needed to understand the mechanisms by which feeding PUFA may improve reproductive function in beef heifers.

scholarly journals Triticale silage replaces sorghum silage in finishing of Braford heifers

2021 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 1180-1186
Author(s):  
A.M. Oliveira ◽  
L.D.F. Silva ◽  
A.P.O. Souza ◽  
E.L.A. Ribeiro ◽  
C.C. Jobim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feed Intake ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Fat Thickness ◽  
Sorghum Silage ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
Daily Gain

ABSTRACT The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of sorghum silage substitution with different proportions of triticale silage on the performance and carcass of Braford heifers. Twenty-four Braford heifers were randomly assigned to four diets where sorghum silage was replaced at 0%, 30%, 60%, and 100% for triticale silage in a feedlot system. During sixty-tree days of the experiment, the feed intake, feed ratio conversion, and average daily gain were measured. The heifers were slaughtered and the effects of the sorghum and triticale silage in carcass characteristics were evaluated. The replacement of sorghum silage with triticale silage did not affect the feed intake and average daily gain (P> 0.05). Feed gain ratio was higher for the heifers that received lower proportions of triticale silage (0% and 30%) in replace sorghum silage (P <0.05). Eye loin area and fat thickness were similar among treatments (P<0.05). Other carcass characteristics, such as slaughter live weight, dressing percentage, conformation and fat classification were similar among experimental treatments (P<0.005). Triticale silage can replace sorghum silage for finishing beef heifers in feedlot system and provides similar carcass characteristics.

Effect of hormonal growth promotant implants in weaner and hogget ewes on subsequent growth and reproductive performance

2004 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 755
Author(s):  
G. Bortolussi ◽  
A. R. Bird ◽  
C. L. Playford ◽  
J. Moore
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wet Season ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
North West ◽  
Daily Gain

Ninety young Merino ewes, depastured on Mitchell (Astrebla spp.) grass pastures in North West Queensland, were used in a hormonal growth promotant implantation study. The ewes were given 1 implant of Compudose, Ralgro, Revalor or Synovex-H, either at lamb marking (mid-dry season) or the start of the following summer wet season, which was ~180 days post-marking. The hormonal growth promotant implanted groups had greater (P<0.05) liveweights than the control group early in the trial (days 22 and 57) and also from the end of the period of activity of the wet season implant (day 277) until the middle of the dry season (day 412). Dry season (at lamb marking) implantation did not improve average daily gain. From the end of the wet season onwards, ewes with a wet season implant were heavier (P<0.05) than those ewes implanted at lamb marking. This liveweight advantage had diminished by the start of the autumn mating. Hormonal growth promotant implantation had a favourable (P<0.05) effect on growth rate, but adversely affected reproduction in the ewes, regardless of time of implantation. Implantation with Compudose or Synovex-H significantly (P<0.001) reduced the demonstration of oestrus, while Revalor or Synovex-H reduced pregnancy rates by up to 100%. Despite Ralgro reducing these variables by up to 25%, its effect was not significant. All ewes that were diagnosed as pregnant at 140 days later produced lambs. It was concluded from this study that hormonal growth promotant implantation at lamb marking provides no later-life advantage, while wet season implantation provides a growth or liveweight advantage to young Merino ewes and this persists for a long period after implantation. Despite the lack of an effect of Ralgro on oestrus and pregnancy results, however, implantation of young breeding ewes of any age should not be carried out, due to the long term and negative effects on reproductive performance. Wet season implantation may be best used for animals intended for slaughter.

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