A Study of Chemical Reactions in Molten Sodium Hydrogen Sulfate Potassium Hydrogen Sulfate Eutectic. V. The Reactions of Eleven Acetates

1994 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 571
Author(s):  
N Mohamed ◽  
SA Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Product ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Molten Sodium ◽  
Sodium Hydrogen ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen ◽  
Infrared Methods ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

The reactions of the acetates of lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, manganese, cobalt, zinc and lead with molten sodium hydrogen sulfate-potassium hydrogen sulfate eutectic were investigated by means of thermogravimetry, differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, mass spectral and infrared methods. In these acid-base reactions, the metal acetates were found to be converted into the corresponding metal sulfates, and acetic acid was the volatile product of each reaction. The temperatures and stoichiometries of the reactions have been determined.

A Study of Chemical Reactions in Molton Sodium-Potassium Hydrogen Sulfate Eutectic. IV. The Reaction of Eight Oxalates

1985 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. 1123
Author(s):  
JO Sabato ◽  
SA Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Alkali Metals ◽  
Alkaline Earth ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Metal Sulfate ◽  
Chemical Methods ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen ◽  
Wet Chemical

The reactions of oxalates of ammonium, alkali metals (Li, Na and K) and alkaline earth metals (Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba ) with sodium-potassium hydrogen sulfate eutectic were investigated. Oxalic acid was found to be an intermediate product in all these reactions. Final products of the reactions as determined by thermogravimetry , differential thermal analysis, X-ray diffraction, infrared and 'wet' chemical methods consisted of a mixture of H2O, CO, CO2 and the corresponding metal sulfate. The stoichiometries of the reactions were elucidated.

A study of chemical reactions in molten sodium-potassium hydrogen sulfate eutectic. III. The reactions of anions

1980 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 647 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Meehan ◽  
SA Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Inorganic Anions ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
Reaction Products ◽  
Potassium Salts ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Molten Sodium ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen

The reactions of 11 inorganic anions added as their sodium or potassium salts to molten sodium-potassium hydrogen sulfate eutectic were studied and their stoichiometries elucidated. It was found that Na2CO3, NaNO2, KNO3, Na2SO3 and Na2S2O3 reacted with the melt to form water and CO2, NO+NO2, NO2+O2, SO2, S6+SO2 respectively. NaCl, KBr produced HCl and HBr while KI reaction products consisted of I2, SO2 and H2O; K2CrO4 and K2Cr2O7 were converted into H2CrO4 and H2Cr2O7 respectively. These acids decomposed to H2O, O2 and Cr2O3 which reacted further with the melt to produce H2O and Cr2(SO4)2,H2O. K2S2O8 was found to decompose thermally to O2 and K2S2O7 without reacting with the melt.

A Study of Chemical Reactions in Molten Sodium-Potassium Hydrogen Sulfate Eutectic. II. The Reactions of Metal Oxides

1979 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 2555 ◽  
Author(s):  
BJ Meehan ◽  
SA Tariq
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Chemical Reactions ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Molten Sodium ◽  
Potassium Hydrogen

The reactions of sixteen metal oxides with molten sodium-potassium hydrogen sulfate eutectic were studied. It was found that Ag2O, MgO, ZnO, COO, NiO, CuO, Al2O3, Fe2O3 and V2O5 reacted with the melt to produce their respective melt-soluble cations, sulfate and water, while CaO, BaO, Cr2O3 and SnO2 reacted to form insoluble metal sulfates and water. Whereas manganese(IV) oxide reacted with the melt to produce manganese(III) sulfate, water and oxygen, tin(IV) oxide reacted to form tin(IV) sulfate, water and sulfur dioxide. The stoichiometries of these reactions have been determined.

scholarly journals Metal Binding Proteins

Encyclopedia ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 261-292
Author(s):  
Eugene A. Permyakov
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Metal Binding ◽  
Transition Metal Ions ◽  
Short Review ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physiological Properties ◽  
Cell Processes ◽  
Living Organisms ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

Metal ions play several major roles in proteins: structural, regulatory, and enzymatic. The binding of some metal ions increase stability of proteins or protein domains. Some metal ions can regulate various cell processes being first, second, or third messengers. Some metal ions, especially transition metal ions, take part in catalysis in many enzymes. From ten to twelve metals are vitally important for activity of living organisms: sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, manganese, iron, cobalt, zinc, nickel, vanadium, molybdenum, and tungsten. This short review is devoted to structural, physical, chemical, and physiological properties of proteins, which specifically bind these metal cations.

The effect of dehydration and rehydration on salt loss in the second-stage larvae of Anguina tritici

Parasitology ◽  
1981 ◽  
Vol 82 (3) ◽  
pp. 411-419 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Womersley
Keyword(s):  
Salt Content ◽  
Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Sodium Potassium ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Absorption Spectrophotometry ◽  
Nematode Cuticle ◽  
Calcium Loss ◽  
Potassium Magnesium

SUMMARYThe effect of repeated dehydration and hydration on the salt content of 2nd-stage larvae of Anguina tritici was studied. The sodium, potassium, magnesium and calcium contents of the larvae after subjection to varying periods of desiccation and rehydration were determined with atomic absorption spectrophotometry and flame photometry. External cation concentrations on the cuticle of the head, middle body and tail regions were determined semi-quantitatively with scanning electron microscopy in conjunction with X-ray analysis (EDAX). Salt concentrations decreased with each dehydration/rehydration cycle. The greatest loss occurred on revival from the first desiccation period. The results indicated that A. tritici was incapable of regulating it's internal sodium content during revival, but suggested a limited ability to control potassium, magnesium and calcium loss. Salt loss through the nematode cuticle was restricted to potassium and calcium during desiccation. The salt losses encountered are discussed in relation to nematode osmoregulation and to the survival of the nematode in the anhydrobiotic state.

Supramolecular architectures in cytosinium 6-chloronicotinate monohydrate and 5-bromo-6-methylisocytosinium hydrogen sulfate

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 325-331
Author(s):  
Robert Swinton Darious ◽  
Nithianantham Jeeva Jasmine ◽  
Ammasai Karthikeyan ◽  
Packianathan Thomas Muthiah ◽  
Franc Perdih
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Bonds ◽  
Pyrimidine Ring ◽  
Hydrogen Sulfate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sulfate Ion ◽  
Sulfate Ions ◽  
Supramolecular Architectures ◽  
Hydrated Salt ◽  
Sheet Structure ◽  
Hydrogen Bonded

Aminopyrimidine derivatives are biologically important as they are components of nucleic acids and drugs. The crystals of two new salts, namely cytosinium 6-chloronicotinate monohydrate, C4H6N3O+·C6H3ClNO2−·H2O, (I), and 5-bromo-6-methylisocytosinium hydrogen sulfate (or 2-amino-5-bromo-4-oxo-6-methylpyrimidinium hydrogen sulfate), C5H7BrN3O+·HSO4−, (II), have been prepared and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The pyrimidine ring of both compounds is protonated at the imine N atom. In hydrated salt (I), the primaryR22(8) ring motif (supramolecular heterosynthon) is formedviaa pair of N—H...O(carboxylate) hydrogen bonds. The cations, anions and water molecule are hydrogen bonded through N—H...O, N—H...N, O—H...O and C—H...O hydrogen bonds, formingR22(8),R32(7) andR55(21) motifs, leading to a hydrogen-bonded supramolecular sheet structure. The supramolecular double sheet structure is formedviawater–carboxylate O—H...O hydrogen bonds and π–π interactions between the anions and the cations. In salt (II), the hydrogen sulfate ions are linkedviaO—H...O hydrogen bonds to generate zigzag chains. The aminopyrimidinium cations are embedded between these zigzag chains. Each hydrogen sulfate ion bridges two cationsviapairs of N—H...O hydrogen bonds andvice versa, generating twoR22(8) ring motifs (supramolecular heterosynthon). The cations also interact with one anotherviahalogen–halogen (Br...Br) and halogen–oxygen (Br...O) interactions.

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