Solvation of ions. Some applications. V. Electrolytic recovery of silver from non-aqueous solutions

1983 ◽  
Vol 36 (9) ◽  
pp. 1695 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Jayasekera ◽  
J Avraamides ◽  
AJ Parker
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
Cathode Current Density ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Silver Deposits ◽  
Tafel Slopes ◽  
Solvation Of Ions ◽  
Cathode Current ◽  
A Current

Electrolysis of a dimethyl sulfoxide solution containing AgCl2- and CuCl2- has been shown to produce high-purity, adherent, non-dendritic cathode silver with a current efficiency of over 80%. At the anode, CuCl2- was oxidized to Cu2+. An optimum electrolyte/solvent system was chosen after a study of the various parameters contributing to the conductivity of the solution. Diffusion coefficients and Tafel slopes were measured, as were the various potentials contributing to the cell voltage. Good silver deposits were obtained by using 0.75 M CaCl2.2H2O, 0.5 M AgCl and 0.5 M CuCl in dimethyl sulfoxide at 50�C at a cathode current density of 5 mA cm-2. A practical electrolysis cell is proposed for use with a cyclic leach-electrowin process for recovering pure silver from various high-grade secondary residues.

Design and synthesis of integrally structured Ni3N nanosheets/carbon microfibers/Ni3N nanosheets for efficient full water splitting catalysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (19) ◽  
pp. 9377-9390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Liu ◽  
Mian Li ◽  
Chuanlai Jiao ◽  
Mehboob Hassan ◽  
Xiangjie Bo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Design And Synthesis ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Carbon Microfibers ◽  
A Current

A (−) Ni3N/CMFs/Ni3N‖Ni3N/CMFs/Ni3N (+) electrolysis cell requires a cell voltage of only 1.65 V to achieve a current density of 20 mA cm−2.

Bituminous Insulations Durability of Underground Metallic Pipelines I Field investigations

2017 ◽  
Vol 68 (3) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Oprina ◽  
Ladislau Radermacher ◽  
Daniel Lingvay ◽  
Dorian Marin ◽  
Andreea Voina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cathode Current Density ◽  
Induced Voltage ◽  
Cathodic Current ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
Operation Period ◽  
Cathode Current ◽  
Protection Potential ◽  
Cathodic Protection System ◽  
Corrosion State ◽  
Good Agreement

The corrosion state of an underground metallic pipeline of �161 mm and 565 m length was assessed by specific electrical and electrochemical measurements. The investigated pipe, buried in 1997, was protected against corrosion by successive layers of bituminous material with a total thickness of 1 to 1.2 mm. The pipeline crosses three electrified railway lines (50 Hz - 28 kV), and then its route is approximately parallel to these lines; thus, the induced AC voltages between line and ground were calculated obtaining values between 4.05 and 7.1 Vrms, in good agreement with the values measured in the accessible points. The measurements regarding the insulation capacity against corrosion of the bituminous insulation, performed at one month and after 19 years of burial, showed an increase of the average cathode current density needed for obtaining the protection potential in the range �1.00 � �1.28 VCu/CuSO4 of approx. three times (from 6.65 up to 19.96 mA/m2), in good agreement with the evolution of the insulation resistance measured between the steel pipe (having a contact area with the ground of 270.5 m2) and a ground socket of 4 W, which decreased from 995 to 315 kW. Following the analysis and processing of the field collected data, it is considered that, by implementing a cheap cathodic protection system (without cathodic current power supply), based on the rectification of the AC induced voltage, the safe operation period of the investigated pipeline may be extended by at least 50 years.

RESTORATION OF MACHINE PARTS WITH GALVANIZED ZINC COATINGS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (141) ◽  
pp. 140-147
Author(s):  
MIKHAIL VIKHAREV ◽  
◽  
VLADIMIR YUDIN ◽  
VESELOVSKIY NIKOLAY ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Cathode Surface ◽  
Zinc Coating ◽  
Cathode Current Density ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Cathode Layer ◽  
Properties Of Coatings ◽  
Chemical Polarization ◽  
Cathode Current ◽  
Zinc Coatings

The article shows the role of electroplating in the restoration of parts, indicates the advantages of restoring parts with electroplating over other methods, and gives the characteristics and properties of coatings obtained by electroplating. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in increasing the speed of application of zinc electroplating when restoring parts. (Materials and methods) The cathode current density has a decisive influence on the coating speed. The main reason for limiting the cathode current density during galvanizing from sulfuric acid electrolytes is the chemical polarization of the cathode. The article presents a study on the designed installation for the application of galvanic coatings. When applying coatings to the internal surfaces of parts, there was used a device with activating elements having an electromechanical rotation drive. This device prevents depletion of the near-cathode layer of the electrolyte and reduces the chemical polarization of the cathode. Elements made of moisture-resistant skin were used as activators. (Results and discussion) The article presents the results of experiments as a dependence of the coating speed on the speed of the activator relative to the restoring surface. It also presents the relationship between the size of the abrasive grains of the activating elements, the force of their pressing against the cathode surface, the speed of movement of the activator and the speed of applying the zinc coating, as well as its quality. By activating the cathode surface, it was possible to raise the operating current density to 100-150 amperes per square decimeter. The speed of application of zinc coatings is 16-25 micrometers per minute. (Conclusions) In the course of research, authors determined the conditions of electrolysis during galvanizing, which provide a significant increase in the cathode current density and the rate of application of these coatings during the restoration of parts.

scholarly journals Cathodic protection of structures in seawater using solar panels

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Boris Borisovich Chernov ◽  
Van Mung Vu ◽  
Anac Maskharovich Nugmanov ◽  
Lyudmila Yuryevna Firsova
Keyword(s):  
Cathodic Protection ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Cathode Current Density ◽  
Complete Agreement ◽  
Low Alloy Steels ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Protective Properties ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Alloy Steels ◽  
Cathode Current

It is well known that the cathodic protection of structures in seawater is accompanied by the formation of calcareous deposits on them. In current study, we consider the physicochemical modelling of the formation of the deposit composition against cathode current density in seawater. The reliability of the model representations is confirmed by direct experiments. The work also studied the protective properties of the deposits with a different composition for low-alloy steels in natural sea water. It has been shown that the deposits of pure Mg(OH)2 and the deposits of CaCO3 + Mg(OH)2 had better protective ability against corrosion than the deposits of pure CaCO3. However, the deposits of Mg(OH)2 dissolved faster than the deposits of CaCO3 and CaCO3 + Mg(OH)2. Theoretical concepts and experiments on the laws governing the formation of the deposits and their protective properties are in complete agreement with each other. This allows to use the obtained patterns in the cathodic protection of structures in sea water using solar panels, forming standard deviations with predetermined protective properties in the daytime.

scholarly journals HOMOGENEOUS TRIMETHYLSILYLATION OF CELLULOSE IN THE DIMETHYL SULFOXIDE-PARAFORMALDEHYDE SOLVENT SYSTEM

1979 ◽  
Vol 35 (11) ◽  
pp. T466-T478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuo Shiraishi ◽  
Yoshifumi Miyagi ◽  
Shigeko Yamashita ◽  
Tokuo Yokota ◽  
Yoshiyuki Hayashi
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Solvent System

A self-supported amorphous Ni–P alloy on a CuO nanowire array: an efficient 3D electrode catalyst for water splitting in alkaline media

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (19) ◽  
pp. 2393-2396 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing Chang ◽  
Shuai Hao ◽  
Zhixiang Ye ◽  
Yingchun Yang
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Nanowire Array ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Alkaline Media ◽  
Core Shell ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Cuo Nanowire ◽  
A Current ◽  
3D Electrode

An amorphous Ni–P alloy shell electrodeposited on a CuO nanowire array to synergistically boost the catalytic activity toward alkaline water splitting is reported, and this core@shell CuO@Ni–P nanowire array is durable with a cell voltage of only 1.71 V reaching a current density of 30 mA cm−2 using a two-electrode configuration in an alkaline water electrolyzer.

CO2 electrolysis to multicarbon products in strong acid

Science ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 372 (6546) ◽  
pp. 1074-1078
Author(s):  
Jianan Erick Huang ◽  
Fengwang Li ◽  
Adnan Ozden ◽  
Armin Sedighian Rasouli ◽  
F. Pelayo García de Arquer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Hydrogen Evolution ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Carbon Emissions ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Strong Acid ◽  
Electrochemically Active ◽  
Co2 Electrolysis ◽  
A Current

Carbon dioxide electroreduction (CO2R) is being actively studied as a promising route to convert carbon emissions to valuable chemicals and fuels. However, the fraction of input CO2 that is productively reduced has typically been very low, <2% for multicarbon products; the balance reacts with hydroxide to form carbonate in both alkaline and neutral reactors. Acidic electrolytes would overcome this limitation, but hydrogen evolution has hitherto dominated under those conditions. We report that concentrating potassium cations in the vicinity of electrochemically active sites accelerates CO2 activation to enable efficient CO2R in acid. We achieve CO2R on copper at pH <1 with a single-pass CO2 utilization of 77%, including a conversion efficiency of 50% toward multicarbon products (ethylene, ethanol, and 1-propanol) at a current density of 1.2 amperes per square centimeter and a full-cell voltage of 4.2 volts.

scholarly journals Impact of applied cell voltage on the performance of a microbial electrolysis cell fully catalysed by microorganisms

2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 2557-2568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swee Su Lim ◽  
Jean-Marie Fontmorin ◽  
Paniz Izadi ◽  
Wan Ramli Wan Daud ◽  
Keith Scott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis Cell ◽  
Microbial Electrolysis

A-current in rat globus pallidus: A whole-cell voltage clamp study on acutely dissociated neurons

1992 ◽  
Vol 144 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 4-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandro Stefani ◽  
Paolo Calabresi ◽  
Nicola B. Mercuri ◽  
Giorgio Bernardi
Keyword(s):  
Voltage Clamp ◽  
Globus Pallidus ◽  
Cell Voltage ◽  
Whole Cell ◽  
Whole Cell Voltage Clamp ◽  
Clamp Study ◽  
A Current

scholarly journals Homogeneous grafting of cellulose with polycaprolactone using quaternary ammonium salt systems and its application for ultraviolet-shielding composite films

RSC Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
pp. 10865-10872 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongqi Yu ◽  
Xin Gao ◽  
Zeming Jiang ◽  
Wentao Zhang ◽  
Jiwei Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dimethyl Sulfoxide ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium ◽  
Quaternary Ammonium Salt ◽  
Ring Opening ◽  
Composite Films ◽  
Solvent System ◽  
System P ◽  
Ultraviolet Shielding ◽  
Salt Systems

Microcrystalline cellulose graft polycaprolactone (MCC-g-PCL) was successfully synthesized by ring-opening copolymerization catalyzed by 4-dimethylaminopyridine in a dual tetrabutylammonium acetate/dimethyl sulfoxide solvent system.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document