Plant Regeneration from Cultured Medicago truncatula with Particular Reference to Abscisic Acid and Light Treatments

1998 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 151 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. E. Nolan ◽  
R. J. Rose
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Medicago Truncatula ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Marked Inhibition ◽  
Embryo Formation ◽  
Auxin Concentration

Medicago truncatula (Jemalong 2HA) can be regenerated by somatic embryogenesis utilising 1-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP). There is a requirement for both NAA and BAP for callus induction and embryo formation. There is no requirement for a drop in auxin concentration to induce embryos. Abscisic acid (ABA) when present with NAA and BAP during embryo formation at a concentration of 1 µM, increases the number of embryos per callus. The ABA treatment stimulates embryo numbers in both light and darkness. The conversion efficiency of embryo to plant is unchanged irrespective of the presence of ABA during embryo formation, indicating that ABA does not improve the regeneration of the embryos once formed. Importantly, the presence of light in the embryo formation period causes a marked inhibition of embryo conversion.

scholarly journals Somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration in purple food yam (Dioscorea alata L.)

2008 ◽  
pp. 22-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marilyn Belarmino ◽  
Jocelyn Gonzales
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Adventitious Shoots ◽  
Pantothenic Acid ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dioscorea Alata ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Leaf Petiole

A study was conducted to establish a reliable procedure for somatic embryogenesis and plant regeneration from callus cultures of purple food yam (Dioscorea alata L.). The procedure involved three steps; (1) culture of nodal stem segments from greenhousegrown plants to generate in vitro plantlets; (2) induction of callus from the leaf, petiole and nodal stem tissues; and (3) initiation of somatic embryo from callus. Results showed that the agar-solidified Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 30 gl-1 sugar, 0.1 gl-1 α-cysteine , 10 mgl-1 calcium pantothenic acid, 2.0 mgl-1 asparagine, 2.0 mgl-1 arginine, 80.0 mgl-1 adenine sulfate (AdSO4) and 0.1 mgl-1 naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) effectively broke dormancy of lateral buds of nodal stem cultures from both ‘VU-2’ and ‘Kinampay‘ varieties. Production of multiple adventitious shoots occurred after transfer of in vitro nodal pieces to the same medium added with 1.0 mgl-1 benzylamino purine (BAP) or, MSA medium. Callus was effectively induced from the vegetative tissues in MS medium added with 1.0 mgl-1 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) or, with picloram. Among the three types of explants, the nodal stem was the most suitable which produced purplish nodular embryogenic callus. A higher percentage of nodal stem-derived calli produced globular embryos in MS medium containing 1.0 mgl-1 2,4-D and 0.5 mgl-1 BAP, or in 1.0 mgl-1 picloram and 0.5 mgl-1 BAP than, in the plant growth regulator-free medium (control). The maturation of embryos was facilitated by one-month culture in MS medium containing 0.1 mgl-1 ABA and 100 mgl-1 glutamine. This step improved the germination of somatic embryos in one-half strength PGR-free MS medium containing 100 mgl-1 glutamine (regeneration medium). All somatic embryoderived plantlets were morphologically normal and established well in soil.

scholarly journals Efficient and reproducible somatic embryogenesis and micro propagation in tomato via novel structures -Rhizoid Tubers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wajeeha Saeed ◽  
Saadia Naseem ◽  
Daniyal Gohar ◽  
Zahid Ali
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Light Conditions ◽  
Indirect Organogenesis ◽  
Novel Structure ◽  
Micro Propagation ◽  
Novel Structures ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

AbstractAn improved and highly reproducible system for invitro regeneration via somatic embryogenesis (S.E), applicable to several varieties of tomato (cv. Riogrande, cv. Roma grande, hybrid 17905 and model cv. M82) has been developed. First, we developed a conventional indirect organogenesis for all four varieties used in this study. The cotyledons and hypocotyls of 6-day-old tomato were used as explants (1-2 cm) for callus induction (CI) on different callus induction media (CIM) T0 – T12 (6-Benzylaminopurine BAP, NAA Naphthalene acetic acid, ZEA Zeatin, IAA Indole-3-acetic acid, KIN Kinetin). Maximum CI response was seen on CIMT6 (0.5 mg/L NAA, 1 mg/L BAP) and CIMT7 (2 mg/L IAA, 2 mg/L NAA, 2 mg/L BAP, 4mg/L KIN) in a period of 2 weeks for commercial varieties cvs. Riogrande and Roma. However, cv. M82 responded after 4 weeks to a combination of treatments [CIMT6 (0.5 mg/L NAA + 1 mg/L BAP) and CIMT8 (2 mg/L IAA + 2 mg/L NAA + 2 mg/L BAP + 4 mg/L ZEA)] for the production of calli. The Riogrande, being the most responsive commercial variety, was selected for invitro morphogenesis via S.E. During S.E. young cotyledons and hypocotyls explants were tested on media with different ranges of pH (3 – 7) supplemented with 0.5 and 2 mg/L NAA. Resultantly, numerous rhizoids (~38) were produced from each explant at pH4 in dark conditions. Further incubation of each rhizoid under light conditions led to the formation of a novel structure - rhizoid tubers (RTBs) on MS media supplemented with 5 mg/L TDZ/BAP at pH4. We observed that only lower pH-induced rhizoids and RTBs regenerated into multiple individual shoots on media at normal pH (5.8). The RTBs led to a complete plantlets regeneration in 45 days compared to the conventional invitro morphogenesis (60 days).

scholarly journals Somatic embryogenesis in the leaf tissue of Hedyotis diffusa Willd.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (6) ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
Anh Thi Kim Nguyen ◽  
Tham Thi Thu Hoang ◽  
Hoang Ngo Phan
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Leaf Tissue ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Mature Embryos ◽  
Embryo Formation ◽  
Hedyotis Diffusa ◽  
Leaf Segments

Hedyotis diffusa is a valuable medicinal herb belong to the Rubiaceae family. It is widely used in the treatment of various types of cancer and other diseases related to leukemia. Besides, the plant usually contains triterpenoids (oleanolic acid, ursolic acid) and flavonoids which have a range of pharmacological activities of antiinflammatory, antibacterial, hypoglycemic, antifree radicals, reducing blood lipids and anticancer. Leaf segments of 3 weeks old H. diffusa were cultured on half strength Murashige and Skoog (½MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of indole acetic acid (IAA; 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/L) or α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA; 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 mg/L) and benzyladenine (BA) at a concentration of 1mg/L. In this study, the highest percentage of somatic embryogenesis was obtained using 0.1 mg/L IAA and 1 mg/L BA, and 0.2 mg/L IAA and 1 mg/L BA. The somatic embryos develop through a series of morphological stages: globular type, heart, torpedo and mature embryos. Besides, the highest number of shoots per explant was achieved in the same media. The middle and the distal end segments were found the most suitable for somatic embryogenesis. Morphological changes and the role of endogenous hormones in somatic embryo formation were analyzed. The position of the leaf segments of the same leaf, respiration rate, and endogenous hormone and somatic embryo formation were also discussed.

scholarly journals Plant Regeneration Via Organogenesis and Somatic Embryogenesis in Verbascum Sinuatum L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roya Karamian ◽  
Fatemeh Ghasemlou
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Casein Hydrolysate ◽  
Shoot Multiplication ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Shoot Buds ◽  
Traditional Medicines ◽  
Mature Embryos

Abstract The genus Verbascum L. belongs to the family Scrophulariaceae and its members are used as medicinal herbs in traditional medicines worldwide. In this study we achieved plant regeneration in Verbascum sinuatum L. via organogenesis and somatic embryogenesis by culture of mature embryos. Embryogenic and nonembryogenic calli were induced from mature embryos on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of benzyl adenine (BA) and a-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) (but not for 1.5 and 3 mg l−1 NAA). For multiplication of somatic embryoids and differentiation of shoot buds, yellow and friable embryonic calli were transferred to MS medium containing 30 g/l sucrose, 0.5 mg l−1 charcoal and 0.1 or 1 mg l−1 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D) or to MS medium containing 60 g l−1 sucrose, 50 mg l−1 casein hydrolysate (CH), 0.5 mg l−1 kinetin (Kin), 5 mg l−1 2,4-D and 0.5 mg l−1 charcoal. Shoot multiplication and plantlet regeneration were achieved by transferring shoot buds to MS medium supplemented with 1 mg l−1 BA or Kin.

scholarly journals Role of Growth Regulators on In Vitro Callus Induction and Direct Regeneration in Physalis minima Linn

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 38-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Sandhya ◽  
Rao Srinath
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Direct Regeneration ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Stem Explants ◽  
Dichlorophenoxy Acetic Acid ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

Suitable protocol for induction of callus and regeneration was developed from different explants viz., node, stem and leaves in Physalis minima. MS basal medium supplemented with various concentrations (1.0-4.0mg/l) of auxins like 2,4-Dichlorophenoxy acetic acid (2,4-D), α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) and cytokinins (0.5-1.5mg/l) like BAP or Kn were used. All the three explants responded for induction of callus, however stem explants were found superior, followed by node and leaf. Callus induction was observed in all the auxins and combination of growth regulators used with varied mass (2010±1.10) and highest percentage of callus induction was observed from stem at 2.0mg/l 2,4-D (90%) followed by NAA (70%) and IAA (50%). Organogenesis was induced when nodal explants were transferred on MS medium supplemented with 2,4-D and Kn at various concentrations, maximum being on 2.0mg/l 2,4-D + 1.0mg/l Kn (90%). Regenerated shoots were elongated on 0.5mg/l GA3. The shoots were subsequently rooted on MS + 1.0mg/l IBA (95%) medium. Rooted shoots were hardened and acclimatized, later they were transferred to polycups containing soil, cocopeat and sand in the ratio 1:2:1.Keywords:Physalis minima, Node, Stem, Leaf, callus and growth regulators.

scholarly journals Ação de extratos vegetais e fitoreguladores na organogênese de Begonia rex

1998 ◽  
Vol 20 (20) ◽  
pp. 131
Author(s):  
Elcí Terezinha Henz Franco ◽  
Cinara Echart Almeida
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Basal Medium ◽  
Optimal Combination ◽  
Coconut Water ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Petiole Explants ◽  
Potato Extract ◽  
Whole Plants

Petiole explants of Begonia rex were cultured on basal medium (MURASHIGE & SKOOG, 1962). The medium was suplemented with naphthalene acetic acid (0.01; 0.1 and 0.5 mg/I) and kinetin ( 0.1; 0.2; 0.5 and 1.0 mg/I). In these experiments, were as also used coconut water (15% and 20%) or potato extract ( 15% and 20%). Buds were formed in several treatments, but the best combination was coconut water 0.01 mg/L NAA and 0.1 mg/I KIN. Whole plants (40% of the explants) were obtained when was added coconut water . The optimal combination for plant regeneration (100%) was 0.01 mg/I NAA plus 0.1 mg/I KIN.

scholarly journals In vitro callus induction of gerbera from leaf explant

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Sadia Afrin Jui ◽  
Md. Mijanur Rahman Rajib ◽  
M. Mofazzal Hossain ◽  
Sharmila Rani Mallik ◽  
Iffat Jahan Nur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Leaf Explants ◽  
Leaf Explant ◽  
Naphthalene Acetic Acid ◽  
Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Indole 3 Acetic Acid

The experiment was designed to evaluate the effect of growth regulators on leaf explant of Gerbera for callus induction. Various kinds of plant growth regulators such as 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP), α-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA), 2, 4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D), Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) were used to initiate cultures. These were added to Murashige and Skoog medium in different combinations and concentrations. Leaf explants cultured on MS medium supplemented with BAP+ 2, 4-D+ IAA in T4 treatment & BAP+ 2,4-D in T5 treatment showed the best results for callus induction. On the other hand callus was induced early in the combination of BA+ 2,4-D + IAA hormone in T5, T9 & T8 treatment respectively. The rate of callus induction was very low in BA + NAA combinations but it was much earlier.   

scholarly journals Efficient Plant Regeneration from Cotyledon and Midrib Derived Callus in Eggplant (Solanum melongena L.)

1970 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 31-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Rahman ◽  
M Asaduzzaman ◽  
N Nahar ◽  
MA Bari
Keyword(s):  
Somatic Embryogenesis ◽  
Plant Regeneration ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Somatic Embryo ◽  
Callus Induction ◽  
Somatic Embryos ◽  
Solanum Melongena ◽  
Induction Medium ◽  
Root Induction ◽  
Ms Medium

Somatic embryos were obtained from cotyledon and midrib explants of Solanum melongena L., cultivar Loda. For callus induction, medium was supplemented with different concentrations of auxin singly or in combination with BAP. The best callusing 83-85% was obtained from both of the explants cultured on MS medium containing 2.0 mgl-1NAA + 0.05 mgl-1BAP. Somatic embryogenesis and shoot regeneration was achieved after transferring the calli to MS medium supplemented with BAP, GA3, NAA and Zeatin. Cotyledon derived calli showed better performance (87%) for regeneration than that of midrib (82%) when sub cultured on MS medium having 2.0 mgl-1 Zeatin + 1.0 mgl-1 BAP. For root induction, MS + 3.0 mgl-1 IBA was proved to be better treatment for average number (14-15) and mean length (12 cm) of roots than those of other treatments. Key words: Eggplant; cotyledon; midrib; callus induction; somatic embryo J. bio-sci. 14: 1-9, 2006

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