scholarly journals a-Glucosidase Activity in the Reproductive Tract of the Ewe

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 363 ◽  
Author(s):  
T O'Shea ◽  
BE Murdoch
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sharp Peak ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Cervical Mucosa

a-Glucosidase-activity has been estimated in the tissues and rinsings of the reproductive tract of the ewe. There were peaks of activity in the oviducal mucosa at pH 4�0 and 5�7. In the endometrium, caruncles and cervical mucosa the pH optimum occurred from pH 4�0 to pH 5�7. A sharp peak in the activity in the vaginal mucosa occurred at pH 5 �7.

scholarly journals Activity of Enzymes in the Mucosal Tissues and Rinsings of the Reproductive Tract of the Naturally Cyclic Ewe

1978 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
BE Murdoch ◽  
T O'Shea
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Oestrous Cycle ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Mucosal Tissues ◽  
Activity Of Enzymes ◽  
Cervical Mucosa

The activity of several enzymes has been measured in the oviducal mucosa, endometrium, caruncles, cervical mucosa and vaginal mucosa as well as in uterine, cervical and oviducal rinsings of ewes at days 0 (oestrus), 1, 8 and 15 of the oestrous cycle.

Measurement of alpha-glucosidase activity in serum from patients with cystic fibrosis or pancreatitis.

1986 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 652-656 ◽  
Author(s):  
W H Porter ◽  
C D Jennings ◽  
H D Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Cystic Fibrosis ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Hospital Patient ◽  
Fluorogenic Substrate ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Edematous Pancreatitis ◽  
Alpha Glucosidase

Abstract We measured the activity of a non-lysosomal alpha-glucosidase with pH optimum near 6.0 in serum from a wide variety of patients, using the fluorogenic substrate, 4-methylumbelliferyl-alpha-D-glucopyranoside. Acutely ill patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) demonstrated significant increases in alpha-glucosidase compared with CF outpatients. The former group of CF patients experienced far more severe chronic pulmonary disease than did the latter, whereas both groups had similar degrees of gastrointestinal impairment. Patients with pancreatitis associated with trauma or complicated by severe necrosis, hemorrhage, or abscess also displayed greater increases in alpha-glucosidase than did patients with uncomplicated (edematous) pancreatitis. For CF outpatients and patients with either edematous pancreatitis or pancreatic cancer, the alpha-glucosidase activity was similar to that for the general hospital-patient population. Corresponding changes were not observed for other measured serum glycosidases (alpha-fucosidase, alpha-mannosidase, beta-glucuronidase, beta-N-acetylglucosaminidase). Measurement of serum alpha-glucosidase may be of value in assessing the clinical course in CF and in differentiating necrotizing from edematous pancreatitis.

Estrone β-glucosidase activity in human placenta

1980 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosalind S. Labow ◽  
Denis G. Williamson ◽  
Donald S. Layne
Keyword(s):  
Human Placenta ◽  
Sodium Taurocholate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Partial Purification ◽  
Sulfhydryl Reagents ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Glucosidase Activity

The 105 000g supernatant from human placental homogenates, prepared in the presence of sodium taurocholate and Cutscum, contained β-glucosidase activity towards estrone glucoside as well as towards 4-methylumbelliferyl glucoside (4-MU-glucoside) and glucocerebroside. After partial purification, the estrone glucosidase was found to be active only after the addition of negatively charged phospholipid, whereas the other β-glucosidases did not exhibit this requirement. The estrone glucosidase was separated from the 4-MU-glucosidase by chromatography on Sephadex G-200 with 0.1% sodium taurocholate in the eluting buffer. The estrone glucosidase was mainly contained in material with a pi of 4.7, while the 4-MU-glucosidase was distributed in fractions with pi values of 4.7 and 6.2 to 6.4. The partially purified estrone glucosidase had a pH optimum of 5.8, as distinct from that of 6.4 found for the 4-MU-glucosidase, and differed markedly from the 4-MU-glucosidase in its response to treatment with heat, sulfhydryl reagents, and detergents. Its sensitivity to changes in pH differed from those reported for glucocerebrosidase.

scholarly journals Role of Antisperm Antibodies in Infertility, Pregnancy, and Potential forContraceptive and Antifertility Vaccine Designs: Research Progress and Pioneering Vision

Vaccines ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 116 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. ◽  
Dhama ◽  
Chakraborty ◽  
Samad ◽  
Latheef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Research Progress ◽  
Contributory Factor ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Obstructive Azoospermia ◽  
Antisperm Antibodies ◽  
Contraceptive Vaccines ◽  
Sperm Antigens ◽  
And Gender

Sperm of humans, non-human primates, and other mammalian subjects is considered to be antigenic. The effect of changes in autoimmunity on reproductive cells such as spermatozoa and oocytes play a critical but indistinct role in fertility. Antisperm antibodies (ASAs) are invariably present in both females and males. However, the degree of ASA occurrence may vary according to individual and gender. Although the extent of infertility due to ASAs alone is yet to be determined, it has been found in almost 9–12% of patients who are infertile due to different causes. Postcoital presence of spermatozoa in the reproductive tract of women is not a contributory factor in ASA generation. However, ASA generation may be induced by trauma to the vaginal mucosa, or by anal or oral sex resulting in the deposition of sperm inside the digestive tract. It is strongly believed that, in humans and other species, at least some antibodies may bind to sperm antigens, causing infertility. This form of infertility is termed as immunological infertility, which may be accompanied by impairment of fertility, even in individuals with normozoospermia. Researchers target ASAs for two major reasons: (i) to elucidate the association between ASAs and infertility, the reason ASAs causes infertility, and the mechanism underlying ASA-mediated infertility; and (ii) to assess the potential of ASAs as a contraceptive in humans in case ASAs influences infertility. Therefore, this review explores the potential application of ASAs in the development of anti-spermatozoa vaccines for contraceptive purposes. The usefulness of ASAs for diagnosing obstructive azoospermia, salpingitis, and oligoasthenoteratozoospermia has been reviewed extensively. Important patents pertaining to potential candidates for spermatozoa-derived vaccines that may be utilized as contraceptives are discussed in depth. Antifertility vaccines, as well as treatments for ASA-related infertility, are also highlighted. This review will address many unresolved issues regarding mechanisms involving ASAs in the diagnosis, as well as prognoses, of male infertility. More documented scientific reports are cited to support the mechanisms underlying the potential role of ASA in infertility. The usefulness of sperm antigens or ASAs (recombinant) in human and wild or captive animal contraceptive vaccines has been revealed through research but is yet to be validated via clinical testing.

scholarly journals Prevention of premature birth in pregnant women with vaginal candidiasis

2019 ◽  
pp. 52-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. N. Kokoeva ◽  
M. K. Medzhidova ◽  
N. A. Lomova ◽  
N. E. Kan ◽  
V. L. Tyutyunnik
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Premature Birth ◽  
Preterm Labor ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Local Therapy ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Yeast Fungi

Candida vulvovaginitis is an infectious lesion of the vulvar and vaginal mucosa caused by Candida yeast fungi. Vaginal candidiasis during pregnancy is associated with spontaneous miscarriages, premature rupture of the fetal membranes, premature birth, and low birth weight babies. Considering the potential risk of premature delivery at fungal invasion at the level of the lower reproductive tract of a pregnant woman, the search for a complex of preventive measures and timely treatment of сandida vulvovaginitis during gestation is of particular interest. The article presents the results of the use of the drug Zalain in 36 pregnant women, with a gestation period of 28 weeks or more with acute candidal vulvaginitis. In the course of the work, the results of local therapy with Zalain were evaluated and its clinical efficacy in the prevention of preterm labor was confirmed. The results of treatment contribute to a significant reduction in the frequency of initiation of preterm labor, as well as a persistent effect for 2-4 weeks after completion of the course in the postpartum period and the absence of early and distant manifestations of candidiasis in newborns.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatisAntibody Testing in Vaginal Mucosal Material versus Blood Samples of Women Attending a Fertility Clinic and an STI Clinic

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid V. F. van den Broek ◽  
Jolande A. Land ◽  
Jan E. A. M. van Bergen ◽  
Servaas A. Morré ◽  
Marianne A. B. van der Sande
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Epidemiological Studies ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Past Infection ◽  
Serum Igg ◽  
Serum Iga ◽  
Fertility Clinic ◽  
Iga Antibody ◽  
Tubal Pathology ◽  
Antibody Tests

Background.Chlamydia infections often follow an asymptomatic course but may damage the reproductive tract. Chlamydia antibodies in serum are used as markers for past infections and can relate to tubal pathology and infertility. This“proof of principle”study aimed to assess whether Chlamydia antibodies are detectable in easier to obtain, noninvasive, vaginal mucosa samples and relate to current or past infection.Methods.We compared outcomes of Chlamydia IgG and IgA antibody tests in serum and vaginal mucosal swabs in (a) 77 women attending a fertility clinic, of whom 25 tested positive for serum-IgG and (b) 107 women visiting an STI centre, including 30 Chlamydia PCR-positive subjects.Results.In the STI clinic, active Chlamydia infections were linked to serum-IgG and serum-IgA (P<0.001) and mucosa-IgA (P<0.001), but not mucosa-IgG. In the fertility clinic, mucosa-IgG had stronger correlations with serum-IgG (P=0.02) than mucosa-IgA (P=0.06). Women with tubal pathology or Chlamydia history more commonly had serum-IgG and mucosa-IgA (bothP<0.001), whereas this link was weaker for mucosa-IgG (P=0.03).Conclusion.Chlamydia IgG and IgA are detectable in vaginal mucosal material. Serum-IgG had stronger associations with current or past infections. Mucosa-IgA also showed associations with (past) infection and complications. IgA presence in vaginal mucosa warrants further epidemiological studies.

scholarly journals IMMUNO-BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF VAGINAL DISCHARGE IN HEALTHY AND MYCOPLASMOSIS-INFECTED COWS

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 987-990
Author(s):  
R. M. Vasiliev ◽  
S. V. Vasilieva
Keyword(s):  
Protective Factors ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Hydrogen Ions ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Vaginal Secretions ◽  
Mycoplasma Spp

Genital mycoplasmosis in cows is a disease accompanied by a latent course, which complicates its timely diagnosis and the appointment of adequate therapy. The nonspecific symptomatology of mycoplasmosis, combined with periods of asymptomatic course, leads to the development of functional and morphological changes in the organs of the reproductive system of cows, resulting in infertility. Monitoring studies of livestock farms in the North-West region of the Russian Federation have shown that infection of the genitals of cows with mycoplasmas can be from 20 to 40% of the livestock. Moreover, there is a clear relationship between the high infection rate of the livestock and low reproduction rates. In this regard, livestock enterprises incur significant economic damage. One of the important mechanisms preventing the introduction of various pathogens into the reproductive tract is the resistance of the vaginal mucosa. Among these factors, the most important role is assigned to vaginal autoflora, epithelial desquamation, phagocytosis, acidity of vaginal secretions, the content of immunoglobulins, lysozyme and a number of other nonspecific protective factors in it. We studied the changes in the immuno-biological characteristics of vaginal secretions in the subclinical course of genital mycoplasmosis. Healthy cows with a negative PCR test for Mycoplasma spp. were selected for the study. and infected with Mycoplasma spp., without clinical signs of vaginitis. In both groups of animals, the concentration of hydrogen ions, the activity of lysozyme and immunoglobulins of the classes IgG, IgM, IgA and sIgA were determined in the vaginal secretions. Despite the fact that the persistence of mycoplasmas in the vagina is not accompanied by pronounced clinical signs of vaginitis, but the state of protective factors the mucous membrane undergoes significant changes. The conducted studies made it possible to establish that the long-term presence of mycoplasmas in the vagina of cows is manifested by a significant increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions by 41% and a decrease in the lysozyme activity of vaginal secretions by 2 times, that is, inhibition of the main factors preventing the colonization of mucous pathogenic microflora is observed. In addition, there is a redistribution of classes of immunoglobulins in the vaginal secretion. This is manifested by a significant increase in the content of IgM and sIgA against the background of a tendency towards a decrease in IgA. The noted changes in aggregate create favorable conditions for the introduction of secondary microflora and the development of bacterial-mycoplasma vaginitis, aggravating morpho-functional changes in the reproductive tract and increasing the risk of infertility. 

A novel tannase from Aspergillus niger with β-glucosidase activity

Microbiology ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 149 (10) ◽  
pp. 2941-2946 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ascención Ramírez-Coronel ◽  
Gustavo Viniegra-González ◽  
Alan Darvill ◽  
Christopher Augur
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Hplc Analysis ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Culture Broth ◽  
Temperature Optimum ◽  
Ph Optimum ◽  
Glucosidase Activity ◽  
Sds Page ◽  
Hydrolysable Tannins ◽  
Molecular Masses

An extracellular tannase was produced from solid-state cultures of Aspergillus niger. The enzyme was purified to homogeneity from the cell-free culture broth by preparative isoelectric focusing and by FPLC using anion-exchange and gel-filtration chromatography. SDS-PAGE analysis as well as gel localization studies of purified tannase indicated the presence of two enzyme forms, with molecular masses of 90 kDa and 180 kDa. The tannase had an isoelectric point of 3·8, a temperature optimum of 60–70 °C and a pH optimum of 6·0. The substrate specificity of the tannase was determined by HPLC analysis of tannin substrates and products. The enzyme was able to remove gallic acid from both condensed and hydrolysable tannins. Internal sequences were obtained from each of the gel-purified and trypsin-digested tannase forms. The peptide sequences obtained from both forms were identical to sequences within a β-glucosidase from Aspergillus kawachii. The purified tannase was tested for β-glucosidase activity and was shown to hydrolyse cellobiose efficiently. However, no β-glucosidase activity was detected when the enzyme was assayed in the presence of tannic acid.

scholarly journals Kombinasi Glucomannan Hydrolysates (Gmh) Dan Antibiotik Metronidazole Berpengaruh Terhadap Kadar Sitokin Il-23 Pada Bacterial Vaginosis Wanita Usia Subur

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Anik Sri Purwanti ◽  
Sumarno Sumarno ◽  
Bambang Rahardjo ◽  
Sri Winasih ◽  
Sri Poeranto
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Vaginosis ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Anaerobic Bacteria ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Repeated Measure ◽  
Vaginal Mucosa ◽  
Women Of Childbearing Age ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Normality Test

Woman’s reproductive tract often has problems, especially in women of childbearing age. One of them is Bacterial Vaginosis is a clinical condition that occurs a lot. BV infection is a polymicrobial infection caused by a decrease in the amount of Lactobaclilus with anaerobic bacteria that increases excessively. Alternative treatment for BV is given by using the results hydrolysates of konjac plant extracted in dosage forms Glucomannan Hydrolysates (GMH) containing glucose and mannose prebiotic which can support the growth development of Lactobacillus in the vaginal mucosa. This study was to determine the effect of Glucomannan Hydrolisates (GMH) + Metronidazole on levels of IL 23 cytokines in BV of reproductive age women. The method of this study used the True Experimental design with the type of research The randomized pretest-posttest was in vivo. The subjects selected in this study design used Randomized techniques. A sample of 7 people WUS with BV given GMH 300mg + Metronidazole 1000 mg for 9 days of use, To assess the levels of cytokine IL 23 using the ELISA method. Data analysis using a ratio scale was analyzed using the metric statistical test, normality test using Shapiro-Wilk test and comparative test using Repeated Measure ANOVA. The overall results of the analysis showed that the combination of GMH and Antibiotics Metronidazole could significantly increase the levels of cytokine IL 23 compared to other therapies to treat bacterial vaginosis in women of childbearing age

Effect of Contraceptive Steroids on the Endometrium of Guinea Pig: SEM study

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
Mai M. Said ◽  
Ramesh K. Nayak ◽  
Randall E. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Human Female ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Uterine Mucosa ◽  
Group 1

Burgos and Wislocki described changes in the mucosa of the guinea pig uterus, cervix and vagina during the estrous cycle investigated by transmission electron microscopy. More recently, Moghissi and Reame reported the effects of progestational agents on the human female reproductive tract. They found drooping and shortening of cilia in norgestrel and norethindrone- treated endometria. To the best of our knowledge, no studies concerning the effects of mestranol and norethindrone given concurrently on the three-dimensional surface features on the uterine mucosa of the guinea pig have been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mestranol and norethindrone on surface ultrastructure of guinea pig uterus by SEM.Seventy eight animals were used in this study. They were allocated into two groups. Group 1 (20 animals) was injected intramuscularly 0.1 ml vegetable oil and served as controls.

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