scholarly journals Genetic Heterogeneity Among the Founders of Laboratory Populations of Drosophila Melanogaster I. Mating Behaviour

1967 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 1193 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sally M W Hosgood ◽  
PA Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Heterogeneity ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Duration Of Copulation ◽  
Laboratory Populations

Single inseminated founder females in D. mBlanogastB'I' derived from the same population have led to genetically discrete strains for two behavioural traits: the percentage of pairs mated in 60 min, and duration of copulation. The effect of the founder females persists for many generations. These results are in agreement with earlier work on scutellar chaetae.

scholarly journals Genetic Heterogeneity Among the Founders of Laboratory Populations of Drosophila Melanogaster III. Sternopleural Chaetae

1968 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
PA Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genetic Heterogeneity ◽  
Wild Populations ◽  
Laboratory Populations

Single, inseminated females of D. melanogaster derived from the same popUlation have led to discrete strains for sternopleural chaeta number, in agreement with earlier work on other traits. The discrete stains indicate that wild populations have genes which are polymorphic for sternopleural chaeta number. As well as showing characteristic mean chaeta �numbers, there was some indication that the strains had characteristic levels of variability. No significant correlations were found between sternopleural and scutellar chaeta numbers.

Acoustic Communication and Mating Behaviour in the Muellerianella Complex (Homoptera - Delphacidae)

Behaviour ◽  
1985 ◽  
Vol 94 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 183-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Drosopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Mating Behavior ◽  
Acoustic Communication ◽  
Parental Species ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Interspecific Crosses ◽  
Bisexual Species ◽  
Duration Of Copulation ◽  
Isolating Mechanisms ◽  
Copulation Behavior ◽  
Biological Differences

AbstractSome data on acoustic communication and mating behavior of two biparentally reproducing species and the clonally reproducing pseudogamous "species" of the genus Muellerianella are reported. Although bioacoustic differences were found in the calling songs between the species, these did not prevent pairforming. Also, differences in mating behavior, such as pre-copulation behavior, courtship activities, frequency and duration of copulation were not sufficient to prevent successful hybridization between both the two biparentally reproducing species and between each of these two species and the pseudogamous "species". The data reported here are related to other biological differences reported previously. According to these data there is some evidence that differences in acoustic communication and mating behavior between the two species are established by ecological influences which in turn have established analogous physiological requirements. These differences are rather weak isolating mechanisms. Regarding the behavioral relation of the pseudogamous species with males of the two parental species it was found that these females behave exactly as the females of M. fairmairei with which they coexist in the field. In interspecific crosses mechanical barriers to copulation are more efficient than courtship differences. Finally it is assumed that pseudogamy is a strong isolation mechanism between the not yet fully genetically differentiated bisexual species of Muellerianella.

scholarly journals Evolution of reduced pre-adult viability and larval growth rate in laboratory populations of Drosophila melanogaster selected for shorter development time

2000 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. G. PRASAD ◽  
MALLIKARJUN SHAKARAD ◽  
VISHAL M. GOHIL ◽  
V. SHEEBA ◽  
M. RAJAMANI ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Development Time ◽  
Larval Growth ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Larval Growth Rate ◽  
Laboratory Populations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Faster Development

Four large (n > 1000) populations of Drosophila melanogaster, derived from control populations maintained on a 3 week discrete generation cycle, were subjected to selection for fast development and early reproduction. Egg to eclosion survivorship and development time and dry weight at eclosion were monitored every 10 generations. Over 70 generations of selection, development time in the selected populations decreased by approximately 36 h relative to controls, a 20% decline. The difference in male and female development time was also reduced in the selected populations. Flies from the selected populations were increasingly lighter at eclosion than controls, with the reduction in dry weight at eclosion over 70 generations of selection being approximately 45% in males and 39% in females. Larval growth rate (dry weight at eclosion/development time) was also reduced in the selected lines over 70 generations, relative to controls, by approximately 32% in males and 24% in females. However, part of this relative reduction was due to an increase in growth rate of the controls populations, presumably an expression of adaptation to conditions in our laboratory. After 50 generations of selection had elapsed, a considerable and increasing pre- adult viability cost to faster development became apparent, with viability in the selected populations being about 22% less than that of controls at generation 70 of selection.

Mating behaviour of males ofGlossina pallidipesAusten (Diptera: Glonidae)

1979 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 573-588 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. T. Jaenson
Keyword(s):  
Fat Body ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
General Relation ◽  
Glossina Pallidipes ◽  
Phase Duration ◽  
Laboratory Rearing ◽  
Moving Vehicle ◽  
Duration Of Copulation ◽  
Low Activity ◽  
Strain Dependent

AbstractThe sexual bahaviour of males ofGlossina pallidipesAust. from the kibwezi Forest Lambwe Valley in Kenya was investigated in the laboratory. Most observatations were on the Kibwezi strain. Three copulatory phases were recorginsed, marked by male courtship, female buzzing, and male jerking with ejaculation. Maturation of copulatory brhaviour occured in advance of ability to inseminate. All males copulated by day 10 and all copulating males inseminated by day 12. Insemination took place only if the jerking phase was present, but neither the occurence of this phase nor the ejection of a spermatophore proved that insemination had taken place. The degree of insemination showed no general relation to age in previously unmated males. The jerking phase was generally shorter in non-inseminating than in inseminating copulations, although duration of copulation showed no obvious relation to the frequency and degree of insemination. The duration of copulation decreased with increasing age of previously unmated males between 10 and 30 days old. Copulation duration was strain-specific while the jerking phase duration was not, suggesting that the length of the pretransmission period (courtship phase plus female buzzing phase) is strain-dependent. In Kibwezi Forest, sexually appetitive (head-down) behaviour among males caught off a moving vehicle was, in geenral, not present among teneral and old males. Head-up and head-down males had small and large amouns of abdominal fat-body, respectively, and both had little gut content. Head-down males had comparatively low activity at dawn and dusk and relatively high middaly activity. The findigs are discussed in relation to the laboratory rearing ofG. pallidipes.

scholarly journals Flexible memory controls sperm competition responses in male Drosophila melanogaster

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1879) ◽  
pp. 20180619 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Rouse ◽  
K. Watkinson ◽  
A. Bretman
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Environmental Change ◽  
Sperm Competition ◽  
Learning And Memory ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Brain Structures ◽  
Plastic Behaviour ◽  
Rival Male ◽  
Lag Times ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Males of many species use social cues to predict sperm competition (SC) and tailor their reproductive strategies, such as ejaculate or behavioural investment, accordingly. While these plastic strategies are widespread, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Plastic behaviour requires individuals to learn and memorize cues associated with environmental change before using this experience to modify behaviour. Drosophila melanogaster respond to an increase in SC threat by extending mating duration after exposure to a rival male. This behaviour shows lag times between environmental change and behavioural response suggestive of acquisition and loss of memory. Considering olfaction is important for a male's ability to assess the SC environment, we hypothesized that an olfactory learning and memory pathway may play a key role in controlling this plastic behaviour. We assessed the role of genes and brain structures known to be involved in learning and memory. We show that SC responses depend on anaesthesia-sensitive memory, specifically the genes rut and amn . We also show that the γ lobes of the mushroom bodies are integral to the control of plastic mating behaviour. These results reveal the genetic and neural properties required for reacting to changes in the SC environment.

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