Physiology of growth and seed production in Lupinus angustifolius L. II. Effect of temperature before and after flowering

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 501 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Downes ◽  
JS Gladstones
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Lupinus Angustifolius ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Seed Growth ◽  
Before And After

Plants of Lupinus angustifolius cv. Unicrop, with branches excised to eliminate competition between branches and the primary inflorescence, were raised at 21/16�C and transferred as flowering began to eight temperature regimes from 36/31 to 15/10�C for seed development. Vegetative growth rather than seed growth was stimulated by coolest conditions, although ultimate individual seed weight was greatest at the lowest temperatures. Plant growth was poor at temperatures above 27/22�C. Temperatures about 21/16�C were most suitable for seed development. In another experiment, plants with branches excised were grown at 27/22 or 18/13�C until flowering, when they were either retained in the same conditions or moved to the other. Conditions before flowering determined growth of the inflorescence for the first 24 days after flowering began, but conditions after flowering affected ultimate yield. Plants raised to flowering at 27/22�C were able to recover if exposed to 18/13�C after flowering. This suggested a possible role for lupins as an autumn crop where water is available.

Effect of temperature on seed development in jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis (Link) Schneider). I. Dry matter changes

1984 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 685 ◽  
Author(s):  
IF Wardlaw ◽  
RL Dunstone
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Period ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Size At Maturity ◽  
Optimum Temperature ◽  
Subtropical Species

Growth of the capsule and seed of jojoba were followed from pollination to maturity at eight temperature regimens ranging from 15/10 to 36/31�C (8/16 h; photoperiod 16 h). There was an initial lag before the onset of rapid (linear) seed development, during which the capsule expanded, and this lag varied from 106 days at 15/10�C to 7 days at 36/31�C. The wax concentration in the seed was low during the initial stages of development, but reached a maximum when the seeds were 70-75% of their final dry weight. The maximum rate of dry matter accumulation in the seed increased with temperature up to 33/28�C but, because of the longer growth period at low temperature, seed size at maturity was greatest at 18/13�C. The current work suggests that prolonged periods with temperatures above 36/31�C, or below 15/10�C would be harmful to the development of jojoba seed. The high optimum temperature for growth rate of the seed (33/28�C) and sensitivity to a temperature of 15/10�C, puts jojoba into the same group as many subtropical species. However, the lower optimum temperature for seed weight at maturity (18/13�C) is close to that observed for the temperate cereals.

The effect of some environmental conditions on seed development and hard-seededness in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.)

1979 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
GB Taylor ◽  
MJ Palmer
Keyword(s):  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Size ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Moisture Stress ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Increasing Temperature ◽  
Dry Out

Subterranean clover (cv. Daliak) was grown in boxes with provision for unrestricted lateral growth. At the commencement of flowering, plants were allocated to three day/night temperature regimes of 12/7°, 18/13° and 24/19°C in controlled-temperature glasshouses and well watered until maturity (unstressed). In two additional treatments at 18/13°, plants were either subjected to intermittent moisture stress throughout the flowering period (stressed) or well watered for the first 6 weeks of flowering and then allowed to dry out (droughted). Increasing temperature resulted in more rapid inflorescence production, seed development and earlier plant maturation. The overall mean seed size was lower at 24/19° than at the other two temperatures. The stressed and droughted treatments produced fewer and smaller seeds than the corresponding unstressed treatment. There was a small effect of temperature on the degree of hard-seededness as determined from the mean softening time of seed subjected to daily alternating temperatures of 60/15°. Softening time was not significantly affected by watering treatments. There were small differences in softening time due to the position of the burr on the lateral, with a slight trend for seeds from the first-formed burrs to soften more rapidly. Most of the variation in softening time between seeds was due to variation within burrs. The sequence of seed softening within burrs was related to seed size, the larger seeds generally softening first, but no single regression could be used to describe this relationship for different burr positions or treatments. The absence of major treatment effects on the degree of hard-seededness indicates that varying the length of the seed development period does not necessarily result in differences in hard-seededness, as has been suggested from field experiments.

scholarly journals Effect of heat-stress predisposition on the development of sooty canker caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (Penz.) Crous and Slippers

2012 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 207-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wazeer A. Hassan ◽  
Raed A. Haleem ◽  
Payman H. Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Stress ◽  
Eucalyptus Camaldulensis ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Susceptible Host ◽  
Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Canker Development

Sooty canker, caused by <i>Neoscytalidium dimidiatum</i> (Penz.) Crous and Slippers, Synon. = <i>Nattrassia mangiferae</i> (Syd. and P. Syd.) B. Sutton and Dyko, on the inoculated thin bark saplings (12-24 months old) of <i>Eucalyptus camaldulensis</i>, <i>Olea europaea</i>, and <i>Populus nigra</i> was monitored under greenhouse conditions every 2 days until the 8<sup>th</sup> day, and it was repeated 18, 28, 58 days after inoculation. Predisposition to stem cankers depended on the duration of warm temperature and abundance of fungal inoculum. The infected bark was discolored and revealed a black mass of fungal arthroconidia, particularly on the most susceptible plants of eucalyptus and poplar. The cankers extended to 18.53 mm and 16.11 mm on eucalyptus and poplar, respectively, after 58 days compared to 10 mm for non-inoculated saplings (wounding sites) of control treatment. The effect of temperature conditions before and after inoculation with <i>N. dimidiatum</i> on canker development on the same plants was studied in a growth chamber with two temperature regimes, very hot 40<sup>o</sup>C and hot 32<sup>o</sup>C. Among pre-inoculation regimes, very hot and hot temperatures were the most conductive to infection of eucalyptus saplings compared to other hosts, which showed a non-significant dependence between pre- and post-inoculation. Thus, heat stress of 32 and 40<sup>o</sup>C on the most susceptible host, eucalyptus, sustained the progress of cankers to 17.20-17.56 mm after 3 days and 18.08-18.06 mm after 5 days of inoculation.

scholarly journals VEGETATIVE GROWTH AND NITROGEN FIXATION OF PIGEONPEA AND COWPEA AT THREE TEMPERATURES

HortScience ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 730c-730
Author(s):  
Raymond Baptiste ◽  
Lurline Marsh ◽  
Dyremple Marsh ◽  
David Trinklein
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fixation ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Vegetative Growth ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Temperature Regimes ◽  
Response To Temperature

Low temperatures adversely affect legume- Rhizobium symbiosis in the temperate regions. Plant growth and N-fixation of two pigeonpea and two cowpea genotypes were examined at three temperature regimes (20/10 C, 30120 C and 38/25 C day/night). Sterilized seeds were inoculated with broth culture containing approximately 1 × 109 cells ml-1 of Bradyrhizobium USDA 3278, 3458 and 3472. Nitrogen fixation by pigeonpea was inhibited at 20/10 C. Cowpea IT82E-16 inoculated with USDA 3458 at 20/10 C produced the greatest amount of nodules. Inoculation had no effect on Nitrogenase activity in pigeonpea. Pinkeye Purple Hull inoculated with USDA 3472 at 20110 C had the highest Nitrogenase activity. These results indicate a wide degree of variability among genotypes and Bradyrhizobium in their response to temperature.

THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON THE SPONTANEOUS ACTIVITY OF SPECKLED TROUT BEFORE AND AFTER VARIOUS LESIONS OF THE BRAIN

1958 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kenneth C. Fisher ◽  
Charlotte M. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Temperature Gradient ◽  
Lateral Line ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Dorsal Part ◽  
Horizontal Temperature Gradient ◽  
Spontaneous Movements ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Brain

The frequency of spontaneous movements made by speckled trout was determined at a number of different constant temperatures. The relation between the frequency and temperature was found to be complex, showing two maxima. One of these constantly occurred at approximately the temperature selected by normal trout in a horizontal temperature gradient and the other occurred two to three degrees below the upper lethal temperature.The relation between frequency of movements and temperature was not affected by (1) destruction of the forebrain, (2) by section of the lateral line nerves, or (3) by destruction of both the forebrain and the dorsal part of the cerebellum. Destruction of only the dorsal part of the cerebellum profoundly changed the relation between frequency of movements and temperature: it caused the disappearance of the first peak.Brief consideration was given to the legitimacy of relating the activity of animals in different constant levels of environmental factors with behavior in gradients of these factors.

Changes in the nitrogenous components of maturing rapeseed (Brassica napus)

1971 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 1733-1735 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Finlayson ◽  
C. M. Christ
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Nitrogen Content ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Seed Development ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Storage Proteins ◽  
Mature Seed ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Seed Growth

Changes in seed nitrogen content, seed weight, precipitatable nitrogen (protein) content of maturing rapeseed show that there is a greater increase in precipitatable nitrogen during the early stages of seed development than at the later stages. Proteins found in the mature seed, however, are not detected until the last 3 weeks of seed growth. The deposition or completion of synthesis of the storage proteins apparently occurs over a 14-day period in rape.

Arthroscopy in Arthrosis: Is It Worth it? A case Presentation

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2232-2235
Author(s):  
Marius Moga ◽  
Mark Edward Pogarasteanu ◽  
Antoine Edu
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Status ◽  
Loose Body ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Joint Range Of Motion ◽  
Objective Evidence ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Joint Range

The role of arthroscopy in incipient and mild arthrosis, even combined with proximal tibial ostetomy, is well known and well documented. On the other hand, its role in the treatment of advanced arthrosis of the large joints, especially the knee, is a subject of controversy. The proponents of the use of arthroscopy in advanced arthrosis claim that meniscectomy, synovectomy, ostophytectomy, chondral lesion stabilization, arthroscopic release, plica and loose body removal greatly improve the quality of life for most patients, especially if followed by the use of viscoelastic injection, by diminishing pain and improving joint range of motion. The opponents claim that, even though the advantages are clear in the cases that refuse arthroplasty, in all the other cases the surgical indication should be total knee arthroplasty, as the clinical relief is temporary, but with all the risks of a surgical intervention. We have conducted an overview of the recent literature, in order to find objective evidence to sustain either point of view. We focused on articles published that included an objective measurement of before and after clinical status through clinical scores and objective measurements. We also focused on the follow-up period and on the evolution of the pathology after arthroscopy.

Antimicrobial Effect of 940 nm Diode Laser based on Photolysis of Hydrogen Peroxide in the Treatment of Periodontal Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (8) ◽  
pp. 2081-2088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alin Alexandru Odor ◽  
Edwin Sever Bechir ◽  
Deborah Violant ◽  
Victoria Badea
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Laser Therapy ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Antimicrobial Effect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
Periodontal Bacteria ◽  
Severe Periodontitis ◽  
Before And After

Moderate and severe periodontitis represents a challenge in the non-surgical periodontal therapy. Due to the lack of evidence regarding the antimicrobial effectiveness of 940 nm diode laser in periodontal treatment, this study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) photolysis performed with 940 nm diode laser in the treatment of moderate and severe periodontitis. Twenty-five patients with 100 teeth were selected for this pilot study. The test teeth were randomly assigned to one of the four treatment groups: Group 1: scaling and root planning (SRP) (control group); and the following experimental groups: Group 2: H2O2; Group 3: 940 nm diode laser therapy; Group 4: 940 nm diode laser therapy and H2O2. Clinical examinations, like probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and bleeding on probing (BOP) were performed before and after the treatment. The microbiological evaluation, effectuated before and after the treatment, included nine periodontal bacteria species and investigated by means of real-time PCR assay. The clinical and bacterial differences in the tested groups, was assessed between control group and the other three experimental groups, as well as between the experimental groups. The total bacteria load was reduced for all four studied groups. Group 4 (diode laser + H2O2) showed significant bacterial reduction of the major periodontal bacteria like Pg., Tf., Td., Pi., Pm., Fn (p[0.001) than the other 3 groups (p]0.001). Also the periodontal clinical parameters, like PD, CAL and BOP showed a significant reduction after the photolysis of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser (p[0.001). Differences between tested groups showed a significant beneficial results in regard to Group 4.It is suggested that the photoactivation of H2O2 with the 940 nm diode laser can be used successfully in adjunctive to the non-surgical periodontal treatment as a bactericidal tool.

scholarly journals The Respiration of some Planktonic copepods II. The Effect Of Temperature

1953 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 447-460 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. T. Gauld ◽  
J. E. G. Raymont
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
The Other ◽  
Effect Of Temperature ◽  
Acartia Clausi ◽  
Temora Longicornis ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Planktonic Copepods ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Relationship

The respiratory rates of three species of planktonic copepods, Acartia clausi, Centropages hamatus and Temora longicornis, were measured at four different temperatures.The relationship between respiratory rate and temperature was found to be similar to that previously found for Calanus, although the slope of the curves differed in the different species.The observations on Centropages at 13 and 170 C. can be divided into two groups and it is suggested that the differences are due to the use of copepods from two different generations.The relationship between the respiratory rates and lengths of Acartia and Centropages agreed very well with that previously found for other species. That for Temora was rather different: the difference is probably due to the distinct difference in the shape of the body of Temora from those of the other species.The application of these measurements to estimates of the food requirements of the copepods is discussed.

scholarly journals Application of Plant Extracts in Micropropagation and Cryopreservation of Bleeding Heart: An Ornamental-Medicinal Plant Species

Agriculture ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 542
Author(s):  
Dariusz Kulus ◽  
Natalia Miler
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
The Other ◽  
White Gold ◽  
Natural Extracts ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Impact

Lamprocapnos spectabilis (L.) Fukuhara (bleeding heart) is valued both in the horticultural and pharmaceutical markets. Despite its great popularity, information on the in vitro tissue culture technology in this species is limited. There is also little knowledge on the application of plant extracts in the tissue culture systems of plants other than orchids. The aim of this study is to compare the utility of traditional plant growth regulators (PGRs) and natural extracts—obtained from the coconut shreds, as well as oat, rice, and sesame seeds—in the micropropagation and cryopreservation of L. spectabilis ‘Gold Heart’ and ‘White Gold’. The biochemical analysis of extracts composition is also included. In the first experiment related to micropropagation via axillary buds activation, the single-node explants were cultured for a 10-week-long propagation cycle in the modified Murashige and Skoog medium fortified either with 1.11 µM benzyladenine (BA) and 1.23 µM indole-3-butritic acid (IBA) or with 10% (v/v) plant extracts. A PGRs- and extract-free control was also considered. In the cryopreservation experiment, the same 10% (v/v) extracts were added into the medium during a seven-day preculture in the encapsulation-vitrification cryopreservation protocol. It was found that the impact of natural additives was cultivar- and trait-specific. In the first experiment, the addition of coconut extract favoured the proliferation of shoots and propagation ratio in bleeding heart ‘Gold Heart’. Rice extract, on the other hand, promoted callus formation in ‘White Gold’ cultivar and was more effective in increasing the propagation ratio in this cultivar than the conventional plant growth regulators (4.1 and 2.6, respectively). Sesame extract suppressed the development of the explants in both cultivars analysed, probably due to the high content of polyphenols. As for the second experiment, the addition of plant extracts into the preculture medium did not increase the survival level of the cryopreserved shoot tips (sesame and oat extracts even decreased this parameter). On the other hand, coconut extract, abundant in simple sugars and endogenous cytokinins, stimulated a more intensive proliferation and growth of shoots after rewarming of samples. Analysing the synergistic effect of conventional plant growth regulators and natural extracts should be considered in future studies related to L. spectabilis.

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