Natural outcrossing in wheat substitution lines

1977 ◽  
Vol 28 (5) ◽  
pp. 763 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Redden
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Substitution Line ◽  
Intermediate Phenotype ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Starch Gel

The frequency of natural outcrossing in two chromosome substitution lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell) was estimated with one procedure and in a third substitution line with another method. The first procedure utilized a dominant inhibitor of awns as the marker to detect outcrosses in the progeny of an awned line. This trial was repeated at five locations. Segregation tests indicated that up to 80 (0.32%) awnless outcrosses were present in an estimated sample of 25,450 progeny. The second method measured outcrossing between a substitution line and two unrelated varieties by observing the intermediate phenotype of the F1 spike. Confirmation of hybridity was obtained for each plant by using starch gel electrophoresis on the endosperm of five F2 seeds from the intermediate F1 spike. This method indicated 0.16% natural outcrossing.

CHROMOSOMES OF CHINESE SPRING WHEAT CARRYING GENES FOR CROSSABILITY WITH BETZES BARLEY

1982 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Fedak ◽  
Perry Y. Jui
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare ◽  
Chinese Spring ◽  
Seed Set ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Chinese Spring Wheat

Chromosome substitution lines of the variety Hope in Chinese Spring (Triticum aestivum L.) were crossed onto Betzes barley (Hordeum vulgare L. emend. Lam.). Three substitution lines of Hope involving chromosomes 5A, 5B, 5D gave no seed-set indicating that their counterparts in Chinese Spring were responsible for crossability with barley and that they function in complementary fashion. Other chromosomes of Hope had minor effects on crossability with barley.

Chromosomes in 'Cadet' and 'Rescue' wheats carrying loci for cold hardiness and vernalization response

1986 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 991-997 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. A. Roberts
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Cold Hardiness ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Cultivars ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Vernalization Response ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

'Rescue', 'Cadet', and the 42 reciprocal chromosome substitution lines derived from these two spring wheat cultivars were tested for vernalization response and cold hardiness. Cold hardiness was tested after hardening under a 16-h day for 8 weeks with 6 °C day and 4 °C night temperatures or in the dark for 7 weeks at 0.8 °C followed by 8 weeks at −5 °C. Chromosomes 5A, 5B, 7B, and possibly 2A carried loci for vernalization response. Chromosomes 2A, 5A, and 5B carried loci affecting cold hardiness measured after 8 weeks in the light at 6 °C during the day and 4 °C at night, whereas chromosomes 6A, 3B, 5B, and 5D were involved in cold hardiness after hardening in the dark at 0.8 °C followed by −5 °C. The results suggest that the rank order of cultivars for cold hardiness depends on the hardening technique used since the two different techniques tested had different genetic and presumably somewhat different biochemical bases.Key words: Triticum aestivum L., cold hardiness, vernalization.

Microsatellites confirm the authenticity of inter-varietal chromosome substitution lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

2000 ◽  
Vol 101 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 95-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Pestsova ◽  
E. Salina ◽  
A. Börner ◽  
V. Korzun ◽  
O. I. Maystrenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

Dinitrogen fixation associated with disomic chromosome substitution lines of spring wheat

1979 ◽  
Vol 57 (24) ◽  
pp. 2771-2775 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Rennie ◽  
R. I. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Spring Wheat ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Dinitrogen Fixation ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Total N ◽  
Associated Bacteria ◽  
Plant Nitrogen ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines

The modification of the genotype of the Cadet and Rescue cultivars of spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L. emend. Thell) by disomic chromosome substitution altered the amount of plant nitrogen derived from dinitrogen fixation by the associated bacterium in a phytotron experiment. With the exception of the C-R5B line, inoculation of the parent Cadet or its substitution lines with either the bacillus C-11-25 or Azospirillum brasilense increased plant dry matter and the total N yield. Rescue lines were unaffected by inoculation unless genotypically altered by substitution of the 5B or 5D chromosome from Cadet. Different substitution lines reacted uniquely to inoculation with the specific bacteria: C-R2A and R-C2D promoted greater dinitrogen fixation by A. brasilense; C-R5D, R-C5B, and R-C5D promoted greater dinitrogen fixation by the C-11-25 bacillus. Both bacteria had high and identical levels of dinitrogen fixation in association with the C-R2D line; neither bacterium fixed N when grown in association with the C-R5B, Rescue, or R-C2A lines. Although the ability of spring wheat to induce dinitrogen fixation in associated bacteria is influenced by chromosomes 5B (which controls root rot reaction) and 5D, it does not appear to be directly related to reaction to common root rot.

Vernalization and photoperiodic responses of selected chromosome substitution lines derived from 'Rescue', 'Cadet', and 'Cypress' wheats

1985 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 586-591 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. A. Roberts ◽  
R. I. Larson
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Vegetative Phase ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome 5B ◽  
Photoperiodic Responses

The vernalization responses of 'Rescue', 'Cadet', 'Cypress', and selected chromosome substitution lines derived from these cultivars were measured by comparing days to ear emergence of vernalized and unvernalized plants under 24- and 16-h photoperiods. The genotype of 'Cadet' appears to be Vrn1Vrni1, vrn4vrn4, vrnxvrnx (where vrnx is an unidentified locus), and of 'Rescue' vrn1vrn1, Vrn3Vrn3, Vrn4Vrn4. 'Cypress' appears to carry Vrn4 and one or both of vrn1, and vrn3. Although some minor photoperiod responses were observed, no loci involved in major photoperiod responses were detected on chromosomes 5A, 4B, and 5B in 'Rescue' or 'Cadet' or on chromosome 5B in 'Cypress'. However, the duration of the basic vegetative phase appears to be controlled by a locus or loci on chromosome 5B, and chromosomes 5A and 4B may be involved in minor photoperiodic responses.Key words: Triticum aestivum, vernalization, photoperiod responses.

Evaluation of chromosome substitution lines of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) for freezing injury suffered during the stem elongation stage of development

1988 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 111 ◽  
Author(s):  
RJ Fletcher ◽  
BR Cullis
Keyword(s):  
Stem Elongation ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Freezing Injury ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Artificial Freezing ◽  
Natural Freezing

Eight series of chromosome substitution lines in the Chinese Spring background were subjected to natural freezing stresses during stem elongation. Two of the series were also subjected to an artificial freezing stress at stem elongation. In the series involving the winter cultivar Cheyenne, a major genetic component of the resistance to freezing injury during stem elongation was located in chromosome 5D. Among the seven other series screened in the field, each of the 21 substituted chromosomes was significant in at least one series. Chromosomes most frequently implicated were 3A, 6A, 2D, 4D and 5D. The genetic control of observed tiller mortality following a freezing stress was therefore considered genetically complex.

GENETIC ANALYSIS OF HEXAPLOID WHEAT, TRITICUM AESTIVUM, USING INTERVARIETAL CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINES. I. CULM LENGTH, EAR DENSITY, SPIKELET NUMBER AND FERTILITY

1974 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 449-456 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Halloran
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Hexaploid Wheat ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Spikelet Number ◽  
Substitution Lines ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Lines ◽  
Culm Length ◽  
Number Of Genes ◽  
Photoperiodic Responses

Genetic analyses were conducted of culm length, ear density, spikelet number and fertility in wheat using the two cultivars Chinese Spring and Hope and the 21 chromosome substitution lines of Hope in Chinese Spring.Elimination of differential vernalization and photoperiodic responses of the substitution lines revealed comparatively simple genetic control of these characters. Minimal estimates of the number of genes determining character expression are three for culm length, four for ear density, six for spikelet number and five for fertility. Major and minor influences of these genes have been arbitrarily determined.

IDENTITY OF THE WHEAT CHROMOSOMES REPLACED BY AGROPYRON CHROMOSOMES IN A TRIPLE ALIEN CHROMOSOME SUBSTITUTION LINE IMMUNE TO WHEAT STREAK MOSAIC

1970 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-150 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruby I. Larson ◽  
T. G. Atkinson
Keyword(s):  
Triticum Aestivum ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Wheat Streak Mosaic Virus ◽  
Substitution Line ◽  
Alien Chromosome ◽  
Chromosome Substitution ◽  
Agropyron Elongatum ◽  
Chromosome Substitution Line

A derivative of Triticum aestivum L. emend Thell. cultivar Rescue3 (2n = 42) × Agropyron elongatum (Host.) Beauv. (2n = 70) is immune to wheat streak mosaic virus Marmor virgatum McK., has 21 pairs of chromosomes, and hybridizes readily with wheat. By crossing with lines ditelosomic for known chromosomes it was determined that Agropyron chromosomes have replaced wheat chromosomes 4D, 5D, and 6D. In growth habit the immune line is like Rescue, but its long slender spikes, absence of awns, and small, slender, blue seeds resemble Agropyron.

Fractionation of Plasminogen by Starch Gel Electrophoresis

1964 ◽  
Vol 12 (01) ◽  
pp. 126-136 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl H. Slotta ◽  
J. D Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Broad Band ◽  
Caproic Acid ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Full Activity ◽  
Veronal Buffer ◽  
Starch Gel ◽  
Alkaline Range

SummaryWhen urea or ε-amino caproic acid were used as solublizing agents for plasminogen in electrophoretic experiments, only one broad band of the proenzyme was obtained on acetate cellulose, in starch block, and in acrylamide gel. In starch gel electrophoresis, however, both forms of plasminogen – the native or euglobulin and Kline’s or Pseudoglobulin plasminogen – separated into six bands. These migrated toward the cathode at room temperature in borate or veronal buffer in the alkaline range and showed full activity in fibrinagar-streptokinase plates.

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