Ecological studies of root-nodule bacteria introduced into field environments. I. A survey of field performance of clover inoculants by gel immune diffusion serology

1968 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 739 ◽  
Author(s):  
WF Dudman ◽  
J Brockwell
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Field Performance ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rhizobium Trifolii ◽  
Ecological Studies ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Clover Seed

A gel immune diffusion procedure for identifying strains of rhizobia has been used to follow the persistence of two strains of Rhizobium trifolii introduced simultaneously into soil by clover seed inoculation. Isolations of rhizobia were obtained from nodulated clover at intervals between 3 and 42 months after sowing. Of 456 isolates examined, 53.3% were recognized as inoculum strains but one strain, TA1, was recovered more than 11 times as frequently as the other, UNZ29. At one place, the inoculum was recovered 30 months after sowing but at another it had disappeared after 18 months. There was a significant trend for the proportion of recoverable inoculum strains to diminish with Iapse of time between sowing and isolation. Even in places where natural populations of Rh. Trifolii were small or undetectable, there was no evidence to suggest that the strains introduced as seed inoculant were likely to become permanently established as a large proportion of the nodule bacteria in the soil.

The root-nodule bacteria as factors in clover establishment in the red basaltic soils of the Lismore district, NSW. I. A survey of "Native" strains.

1954 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 55 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
New South ◽  
Field Observations ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Basaltic Soils ◽  
Native Strains ◽  
Medicago Species

Tests of 84 cultures of root-nodule bacteria isolated from four species of clover growing in the Lismore district of New South Wales (three soil types, 18 localities) showed them to be generally effective in association with white and red clovers, but almost always parasitic on subterranean and crimson clovers. Successful seed inoculation with beneficial strains of rhizobia is, therefore, essential to the introduction of subterranean and crimson clovers in these soils. Field observations have also demonstrated the need to inoculate seed of Medicago species, cowpea, and vetch.

The root-nodule bacteria as factors in clover establishment in the red basaltic soils of the Lismore district, NSW. II. Survival and success of inocula in laboratory trials.

1954 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
JM Vincent ◽  
LM Waters
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Reasonable Degree ◽  
Seed Inoculation ◽  
Serological Identification ◽  
Small Rise ◽  
Basaltic Soils ◽  
Native Strains

Plant growth, nature of nodulation, and serological identification of cultures isolated from nodules have been used to determine the success achieved with inocula of clover rhizobia. The Lismore krasnozems offer difficulties in the way of successful seed inoculation. Milk and phosphate supplements with the inoculum do not obviate the difficulty, but heavier rates of inoculation give a reasonable degree of nodulation even with untreated soils. The unfavourable nature of these soils is reflected in their relatively low rhizobial population and the failure of added cells to persist or multiply at a rate comparable with other soils and conditions. Raising pH to c. 7 by the addition of Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3 markedly improves the soil as a medium for survival and multiplication of clover rhizobia. Even a small rise in pH gives appreciable improvement. Strains of root-nodule bacteria differ markedly in their ability to compete with each other for growth and nodule formation on a host. The relative performance of strains can be affected by such factors as the nature of the soil and the presence and nature of the host. Competition for nodulation need not be related in any simple way to competition for growth. Competition by :"native" strains can be an important factor contributing to success or failure with added inoculum.

Seed inoculation with effective root-nodule bacteria enhances revegetation success

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. 740-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETER H. THRALL ◽  
DAVID A. MILLSOM ◽  
ALISON C. JEAVONS ◽  
MEIGAN WAAYERS ◽  
GEOFFREY R. HARVEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Root Nodule Bacteria ◽  
Seed Inoculation
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