Plasma non-esterified fatty acids in sheep

1960 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
EF Annison
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
Sharp Rise ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Pregnant Sheep ◽  
Nefa Level

Concentrations of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) in sheep were found to be within the range 0.1–0.9 m-equiv/l. Relatively high levels (1.0–2.5 m-equiv/l) occurred in pregnant and non-pregnant sheep when fasted. Intravenous injection of glucose (1.0 g/kg body wt.) depressed KEFA concentrations to levels of about 0.05 m-equiv/l. Insulin, injected intravenously, caused an initial fall in the NEFA level, followed by a sharp rise which was maintained throughout hypoglycaemia. These results suggest that in sheep, as in many other species, NEBA are of major metabolic importance.

scholarly journals The metabolism of circulating non-esterified fatty acids by the whole animal, hind-limb muscle and uterus of pregnant ewes

1983 ◽  
Vol 49 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-143 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Pethick ◽  
D. B. Lindsay ◽  
P. J. Barker ◽  
A. J. Northrop
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Hind Limb ◽  
Ketone Bodies ◽  
Gravid Uterus ◽  
Limb Muscle ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Arterial Concentration ◽  
Pregnant Sheep ◽  
Hind Limb Muscle

1. The over-all and regional metabolism of non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) was studied using a combination of isotopic and arteriovenous-difference techniques.2. There was a common linear relationship, whether stearic, palmitic or oleic acids were used as tracer, between the arterial NEFA concentration and the rates of entry and oxidation.3. Assuming that the tracer used reflected the metabolism of all the NEFA, the total entry rate in fed and fasted pregnant ewes was (mean±SE) 0·44±0·02 and 0·55±0·07 mmol/h per kg body-weight respectively. Oxidation of NEFA contributed (mean±SE) 34±5 and 58±7% to the respiratory carbon dioxide in fed and fasted animals, this accounting for (mean±SE) 46±6 and 59±3% of the respective entry rates.4. Hind-limb muscle both utilized and produced NEFA. The mean gross fractional extraction (calculated from isotopic uptake) was (mean±SE) 9±1%. Gross utilization of any NEFA and appearance of 14CO2 across the muscle were linearly related to the arterial concentration of tracer fatty acid, irrespective of whether this was oleate or stearate. The amount of 14CO2 appearing was consistent with (mean±SE) 54±8% of the CO2 produced by the hind-limb being derived from NEFA oxidation.5. Infused NEFA were partly converted to ketone bodies. Uptake and oxidation in the hind-limb of ketones formed in the liver could account for approximately 20% of the 14CO2 apparently produced in muscle from NEFA. Correction for this reduces the proportion of CO2 derived from NEFA to 43%. There was some indication that ketones were also produced from NEFA in the hind-limb.6. NEFA were not a significant energy source for the gravid uterus.7. An over-all view of energy sources for the whole animal and for hind-limb muscle in normal and fasted pregnant sheep was presented.

A Comparison of Gas-Liquid Chromatography and a Titration Method for the Determination of Plasma Non-Esterified Fatty Acid Levels during Pregnancy

1975 ◽  
Vol 12 (1-6) ◽  
pp. 249-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen Young ◽  
Elizabeth A. Gilmore ◽  
R. G. McDonald-Gibson ◽  
Jennifer A. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Post Partum ◽  
Gas Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Plasma Nefa ◽  
Titration Method ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Nefa Level

The level of plasma non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) was measured by gas-liquid chromatography (GLC) and a titration method in 194 samples collected during pregnancy and from four days to 24 weeks post partum. Both techniques indicated a similar pattern of changes in plasma NEFA associated with pregnancy. The titration estimates of NEFA level were usually greater than those measured by GLC, and there was some suggestion that the disparity between the methods was increased at the end of pregnancy and was reduced at six weeks after delivery.

scholarly journals The effects of cold exposure of pregnant sheep on foetal plasma nutrients, hormones and birth weight

1982 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-64 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. E. Thompson ◽  
J. M. Bassett ◽  
Debbie E. Samson ◽  
J. Slee
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Cold Exposure ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Right Atrial ◽  
Indwelling Catheters ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Pregnant Sheep ◽  
Environmental Temperatures

1. Five pregnant sheep, with indwelling catheters positioned for withdrawal of maternal right-atrial and foetal arterial blood, were exposed for 2 h to neutral and to cold (– 1° and wool-clipped) environmental temperatures. Acute maternal cold exposure increased the concentrations of glucose, glycerol and non-esterified fatty acids in maternal plasma and increased the concentration of glucose in foetal plasma, but not glycerol or non-esterified fatty acids. The concentration of corticosteroids in maternal piasma increased. The concent ration of corticosteroids in foetal plasma did not change but the concentration of insulin increased.2. Thirteen pregnant sheep were housed at thermoneutrality and thirteen similar, sheep fed the same amount of food, were clipped and exposed to cold during the last 5– 6 weeks of pregnancy. Chronic maternal cold exposure increased the birth weight of both single and twin lambs.3. It is concluded that exposure of pregnant sheep to cold can alter the partition of some nutrients between mother and foetus in favour of the foetus, and it is suggested how this may be brought about.

scholarly journals CONVULSIVE SYNDROME IN RABBITS INJECTED WITH FAT EMULSION AND HEPARIN

1963 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jozef Van den Bosch ◽  
Alfons Billiau
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Intravenous Injection ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
Fat Emulsion ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

Functionally hepatectomized rabbits showed convulsions and coma within 2 hours after the intravenous injection of fat emulsion and heparin. Intravenous injection of the detergent triton prevented this syndrome, if given before the fat emulsion and heparin, and reversed it if given subsequently. Extremely high plasma non-esterified fatty acid levels were noted in rabbits showing the convulsive syndrome, but not in animals that received the detergent. The mechanism of the convulsions probably includes the toxicity of high amounts of non-esterified fatty acids.

The effect of triamcinolone on glucose metabolism in ketotic sheep

1986 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 337-340 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. J. H. Ford ◽  
Joan Evans
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Low Dose ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Irreversible Loss ◽  
Entry Rate ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Single Intramuscular Injection ◽  
Pregnant Sheep ◽  
Pregnancy Toxaemia

SUMMARYThe withdrawal of food from Clun Forest ewes pregnant with twins produced signs of pregnancy toxaemia accompanied by a significant decrease in the concentration of glucose, a significant increase in the concentration of ketones, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) and 3-hydroxybutyrate in plasma and a significant decrease in total entry rate and irreversible loss of glucose. A single intramuscular injection of 0·05 or 0·2 mg/kg of triamcinolone acetonide had no significant effect on the concentration of glucose, ketones or 3-hydroxybutyrate in plasma or on the total entry, irreversible loss or recycling of glucose in ketotic or in normal pregnant sheep. The low dose had a significant effect on the concentration of NEFA in plasma. Recovery from the clinical signs was slow after either dose of steroid but appeared to be hastened by the onset of parturition which was more rapid after the higher dose.

Effect of Propolis-Supplemented Diet on Body Composition and Endocrine Function of Adipose Tissue

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-221
Author(s):  
Maria Jesús Lisbona-González ◽  
Candela Reyes-Botella ◽  
Esther Muñoz-Soto ◽  
Maria Victoria Olmedo-Gaya, ◽  
Jorge Moreno-Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Reduced Body ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids ◽  
Wistar Albino Rats

Adipose tissue is an endocrine organ and has central role in interaction with other organs or tissues while propolis can induce lipolysis. Therefore, the aim of this study is to provide detailed information about adipose tissue homeostasis modifications and body composition during propolis supplement consumption. Twenty male Wistar albino rats (8 weeks) were divided into two groups of 10 animals each and fed for 90 days with two different types of diets: standard for the control group (diet C) and standard diet + 2% propolis (diet P). Thyroid hormones did not show differences, while ghrelin and adiponectin decreased in the group that was fed propolis. Insulin, leptin, and non-esterified fatty acids also increased along with reduced body weight and fat, in addition to increased lean mass when propolis was in the diet. We conclude that propolis could decrease ghrelin and adiponectin but increase non-esterified fatty acids and insulin secretion, which improves body composition.

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