Phosphorus uptake by grain legumes and subsequently grown wheat at different levels of residual phosphorus fertiliser

2005 ◽  
Vol 56 (10) ◽  
pp. 1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Nuruzzaman ◽  
Hans Lambers ◽  
Michael D. A. Bolland ◽  
Erik J. Veneklaas
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Wheat Shoot ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Different Levels

A considerable portion of the phosphorus (P) fertilisers applied in agriculture remains in the soil as sorbed P in the forms of various P compounds, termed residual P. Certain grain legume crops may be able to mobilise residual P through root exudates, and thus increase their own growth, and potentially that of subsequent cereal crops. The first objective of this pot experiment was to compare the growth and P uptake of 3 legume crop species with that of wheat grown in a soil with different levels of residual P. Another objective was to determine whether the influence of legumes on subsequent P uptake by wheat was due to legume-induced changes in the rhizosphere, or to the presence of legume roots. White lupin (Lupinus albus L.), field pea (Pisum sativum L.), faba bean (Vicia faba L.), and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) were grown in a soil containing 25.7, 26.4, 30.8, 39.0, or 51.9 mg/kg of bicarbonate-extractable P and sufficient amounts of nitrogen to suppress nodulation and dinitrogen fixation. Differences among the species in root dry mass were much larger than those in shoot dry mass. Faba bean produced the greatest root dry mass. All the legumes exuded carboxylates from their roots, predominantly malate, at all soil P levels. Rhizosphere concentrations of carboxylates were highest for white lupin, followed by field pea and faba bean. All of the investigated legumes enhanced the growth of the subsequently grown wheat, compared with wheat grown after wheat, even at relatively high levels of soil P. The positive effect on growth was not dependent on the incorporation of the legume roots into the soil. The legumes also caused a modest increase in wheat shoot P concentrations, which were higher when roots were incorporated into the soil. Because of the increased growth and tissue P concentrations, wheat shoot P content was 30–50% higher when grown after legumes than when grown after wheat. The study concludes that the legume crops can enhance P uptake of subsequently grown wheat, even at relatively high levels of residual P.

Influence of arbuscular mycorrhizae on soil P dynamics, corn P-nutrition and growth in a ridge-tilled commercial field

2008 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine P Landry ◽  
Chantal Hamel ◽  
Anne Vanasse
Keyword(s):  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizae ◽  
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal ◽  
Am Fungi ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Soil Disturbance ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
P Nutrition ◽  
Soil P ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Ridge Tillage

Ridge-tilled corn (Zea mays L.) could benefit from arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi. Under low soil disturbance, AM hyphal networks are preserved and can contribute to corn nutrition. A 2-yr study was conducted in the St. Lawrence Lowlands (Quebec, Canada) to test the effects of indigenous AM fungi on corn P nutrition, growth, and soil P in field cropped for 8 yr under ridge-tillage. Phosphorus treatments (0, 17, 35 kg P ha-1) were applied to AM-inhibited (AMI) (fungicide treated) and AM non-inhibited (AMNI) plots. Plant tissue and soil were sampled 22, 48 and 72 days after seeding (DAS). P dynamics was monitored in situ with anionic exchange membranes (PAEM) from seeding to the end of July. AMNI plants showed extensive AM colonization at all P rates. At 22 DAS, AMI plants had decreased growth in the absence of P inputs, while AMNI plants had higher dry mass (DM) and P uptake in unfertilized plots. The PAEM was lower in the AMNI unfertilized soils in 1998 and at all P rates in 1999, indicating an inverse relationship between P uptake and PAEM. At harvest, grain P content of AMNI plants was greater than that of AMI plants. In 1998, only AMI plants had decreased yield in the absence of P fertilization. In 1999, AMNI plants produced greater grain yield than AMI plants at all P rates. AM fungi improve the exploitation of soil P by corn thereby maintaining high yields while reducing crop reliance on P inputs in RT. Key words: Arbuscular mycorrhizae, ridge-tillage, soil P dynamics, corn, P nutrition

Phosphorus accumulation by field-grown canola crops and the potential for deep phosphorus placement in a Mediterranean-type climate

2009 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Terry J. Rose ◽  
Zed Rengel ◽  
Qifu Ma ◽  
John W. Bowden
Keyword(s):  
P Uptake ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
P Availability ◽  
Field Site ◽  
Deep Placement ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Accumulation ◽  
P Placement ◽  
Seed Yields

When the bulk of phosphorus (P) is located near the soil surface, spring drying of topsoil in Mediterranean-type climates can reduce P availability to crops and cause potential yield loss. In crop species that require a P supply during spring, deep-placement of P fertiliser has proved an effective method of improving P availability and grain yields; however, the spring P demand of field-grown canola (Brassica napus L.) and therefore potential response to deep P placement is not known. This study investigated the effect of deep- (0.17–0.18 m), conventional- (shallow, 0.07–0.08 m), split- (50% deep, 50% shallow), and nil-P fertiliser treatments on P accumulation and seed yields of canola in two field trials. In addition, a glasshouse experiment with different depths of P fertiliser placement and topsoil drying at different growth stages was conducted. In the glasshouse study, deep P placement resulted in greater P uptake by plants, but did not increase seed yields regardless of the time of topsoil drying. At the relatively high-soil-P field site (canola grown on residual P application from the previous year) in a dry season, there was no biomass response to any residual P fertiliser treatments, and P accumulation had ceased by mid flowering. At the low-P field site, P accumulation continued throughout flowering and silique-filling, and seed yields increased significantly (P ≤ 0.05) in the order of split- > deep- > shallow- > nil-P treatments. Improved seed yields in the split- and deep-P treatments appeared to be the direct result of enhanced P availability; in particular, P uptake during vegetative growth (winter) was higher in the treatments with deep P placement. A greater understanding of P accumulation by field-grown canola in relation to soil P properties is needed for better defining optimum P fertiliser placement recommendations.

scholarly journals Shift from complementarity to facilitation on P uptake by intercropped wheat neighboring with faba bean when available soil P is depleted

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunjie Li ◽  
Yan Dong ◽  
Haigang Li ◽  
Jianbo Shen ◽  
Fusuo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Soil P

scholarly journals First Report of Faba bean necrotic yellows virus Affecting Legume Crops in Azerbaijan

Plant Disease ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (11) ◽  
pp. 1220-1220 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Kumari ◽  
N. Attar ◽  
E. Mustafayev ◽  
Z. Akparov
Keyword(s):  
Faba Bean ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
First Record ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Subterranean Clover Stunt Virus ◽  
Legume Crops ◽  
Primer Sets ◽  
Legume Production

A total of 482 chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), 182 lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.), 12 vetch (Vicia sativa L.), 5 field pea (Pisum sativum L.), and 3 faba bean (Vicia faba L.) samples were collected from plants with symptoms suggestive of a viral infection (leaf rolling, yellowing, and stunting) from the major legume-production areas of Azerbaijan in the 2007 and 2008 growing seasons. All samples were tested by the tissue-blot immunoassay (3) at the Virology Laboratory of ICARDA, Syria using 11 specific legume virus antisera including a monoclonal antibody (2-5H9) (1) for Faba bean necrotic yellows virus (FBNYV). Laboratory tests showed that FBNYV was detected in 73, 61, 11, 3, and 2 samples of chickpea, lentil, vetch, field pea, and faba bean, respectively. Total DNA was extracted from six FBNYV-positive samples (two chickpea, two lentil, and two vetch) and tested by PCR with the following four primer sets (FBNYV, Milk vetch dwarf virus [MDV], Subterranean clover stunt virus [SCSV], and nanovirus DNA-R primers [F103 and R101]) (2). All six Azeri samples as well as the reference nanovirus isolates (SCSV-Australia, MDV-Japan, and FBNYV-Syria) generated amplicons of the expected size (~770 bp) using the nanovirus DNA-R primers (F103 & R101). In addition, Azeri samples and FBNYV-Syria yielded a PCR amplicon of the expected size (666 bp) with the FBNYV primer pair. The MDV- and SCSV-specific primers did not generate amplicons with these six samples. Sequence analysis of the FBNYV amplicons from two isolates (AzL 282-07 from lentil [GenBank Accession No. GQ351600] and AzV 277-07 from vetch [GenBank Accession No. GQ371215]) showed that they were 99% identical with each other. Comparing the sequence of AzL 282-07 with that of other nanoviruses revealed identities of 97% (FBNYV-Spain; DQ830990), 96% (FBNYV-Iran; AM493900), 92% (FBNYV-Syria; Y11408), 92% (FBNYV-Egypt; AJ132183), 78% (MDV; AB044387) and 69% (SCSV-Australia; U16734). FBNYV has been reported to infect food legumes in many countries in West Asia and North Africa and cause economic losses on faba bean in Egypt, Jordan, and Syria. To our knowledge, this is the first record of FBNYV infecting legume crops in Azerbaijan. References: (1) A. Franz et al. Ann. Appl. Biol. 128:255, 1996. (2) S. G. Kumari et al. Phytopathol. Mediterr. 47:42, 2008. (3) K. M. Makkouk and A. Comeau. Eur. J. Plant Pathol. 100:71, 1994.

Changes in phosphorus pools in three soils upon addition of legume residues differing in carbon/phosphorus ratio

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (6) ◽  
pp. 484 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Alamgir ◽  
Petra Marschner
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Loamy Sand ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Residual P ◽  
Soil P ◽  
P Pools ◽  
P Concentration ◽  
High Concentrations

Previously we showed that addition of legume residues affected the size of different soil phosphorus (P) pools in an alkaline loamy sand soil. Here, we tested whether the changes in soil P pools induced by residue addition are generally applicable or whether they are dependent on certain soil properties. Three legume residues differing in P concentration, faba bean (Vicia faba L.) (high P), chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) (medium P), and white lupin (Lupinus albus L.) (low P), were added at a rate of 20 g residue kg–1 soil to three different soils with low Colwell-P concentration: Mt Bold (sandy clay loam, high organic carbon (C) content, pH 5.1), Monarto (loamy sand, low organic C content, pH 7.5), and Langhorne Creek (sandy loam, low organic C content, pH 8.1). Soil P pools were assessed by sequential P fractionation on days 0 and 42. In residue-amended soils from day 0 to day 42, the concentrations of water-soluble and microbial P decreased, whereas the concentrations of NaHCO3-Pi (inorganic P) and NaOH-Po (organic P) increased. The magnitude of these changes differed among soils, being greatest in the Mt Bold soil. Residue addition had little or no effect on the concentrations of NaOH-Pi and residual P, which also did not change significantly over time. Principal component analysis of the data showed that the size of the P pools was related to soil properties; high concentrations of HCl-P were associated with high pH and calcium concentrations, high concentrations of NaOH-P and residual P were correlated with high aluminium, silt, organic C, and total nitrogen and P. In the unamended soil on day 0, the concentration of NaHCO3-Pi was correlated with the clay content, whereas on day 42, the concentrations of the labile P pools were related to amount of P added with the residues. It can be concluded that most effects of residue addition to soils on microbial activity and growth and soil P pools can be generalised across the three soil used in this study, but that the size of the P pools is affected by soil properties such as organic C content, pH, and texture.

Fermentative profiles of field pea (Pisum sativum), faba bean (Vicia faba) and white lupin (Lupinus albus) silages as affected by wilting and inoculation

2009 ◽  
Vol 151 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 316-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giorgio Borreani ◽  
Andrea Revello Chion ◽  
Stefania Colombini ◽  
Miriam Odoardi ◽  
Renato Paoletti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Vicia Faba ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Lupinus Albus ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
White Lupin

scholarly journals Effects of White Lupin and Groundnut on Fractionated Rhizosphere Soil P of Different P-Limited Soil Types in Japan

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 68
Author(s):  
Kaoru Imai ◽  
Soh Sugihara ◽  
Jun Wasaki ◽  
Haruo Tanaka
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Rhizosphere Soil ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
White Lupin ◽  
Volcanic Soil ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Plant P Uptake ◽  
Labile P

Phosphorus (P) is an essential nutrient for crop production, while most soil P is the less labile P associated with Aluminum (Al) and Iron (Fe) in acidic soils of Japan. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of two contrasting P-efficient legumes (white lupin, WL (Lupinus albus L.); and groundnut, GN (Arachis hypogaea L.)) on rhizosphere soil P dynamics in different soil types of Japan, such as Al-rich volcanic-soil, Fe-rich red-yellow-soil, and sandy-soil, with or without historical fertilization managements (3 soil types × 2 managements = 6 soil samples). We conducted a 56-day pot experiment, and analyzed the plant P uptake and fractionated P of rhizosphere and bulk soils, based on the Hedley-fractionation method. We observed that GN P uptake was generally larger than that in WL in most soil types and managements. WL significantly decreased the labile P in most soils and also decreased the less labile inorganic P (Pi) and organic P (Po) in fertilized Red-yellow-soil, which has much crystalline Fe, though GN did not. In contrast, both WL and GN significantly decreased the less labile Pi in fertilized volcanic-soil, which has much non-crystalline Al. These results indicate that (1) characteristics of less labile P uptake by P efficient legumes were different between the soil types and managements, and (2) WL efficiently solubilized the less labile P than GN in fertilized red-yellow soil, while GN efficiently absorbed the larger amount of P than WL, especially in volcanic- and sandy-soil.

scholarly journals Agroinfiltration for transient gene expression and characterisation of fungal pathogen effectors in cool-season grain legume hosts

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes W. Debler ◽  
Bernadette M. Henares ◽  
Robert C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Broad Spectrum ◽  
Faba Bean ◽  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Transient Gene Expression ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Effector Proteins ◽  
Field Pea ◽  
Grain Legume ◽  
Pathogen Effectors ◽  
Green Fluorescent

Abstract Key message Modified pEAQ-HT-DEST1 vectors were used for agroinfiltration in legumes. We demonstrate protein expression and export in pea, lentil, and faba bean; however, the method for chickpea was not successful. Abstract Agroinfiltration is a valuable research method for investigating virulence and avirulence effector proteins from pathogens and pests, where heterologous effector proteins are transiently expressed in plant leaves and hypersensitive necrosis responses and other effector functions can be assessed. Nicotiana benthamiana is widely used for agroinfiltration and the characterisation of broad-spectrum effectors. The method has also been used in other plant species including field pea, but not yet developed for chickpea, lentil, or faba bean. Here, we have modified the pEAQ-HT-DEST1 vector for expression of 6 × histidine-tagged green-fluorescent protein (GFP) and the known necrosis-inducing broad-spectrum effector necrosis and ethylene-inducing peptide (Nep1)-like protein (NLP). Modified pEAQ-based vectors were adapted to encode signal peptide sequences for apoplast targeting of expressed proteins. We used confocal microscopy to assess the level of GFP expression in agroinfiltrated leaves. While at 3 days after infiltration in N. benthamiana, GFP was expressed at a relatively high level, expression in field pea and faba bean at the same time point was relatively low. In lentil, an expression level of GFP similar to field pea and faba bean at 3 days was only observed after 5 days. Chickpea leaf cells were transformed at low frequency and agroinfiltration was concluded to not be successful for chickpea. We concluded that the pEAQ vector is suitable for testing host-specific effectors in field pea, lentil, and faba bean, but low transformation efficiency limits the utility of the method for chickpea.

scholarly journals Phosphorus effects of recycled products from municipal wastewater on crops in a field experiment

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (No. 10) ◽  
pp. 475-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vogel Telse ◽  
Nelles Michael ◽  
Eichler-Löbermann Bettina
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
P Uptake ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
First Year ◽  
Soil P ◽  
Second Year ◽  
Fertilizing Effect ◽  
Sludge Ash

In this study, the phosphorus (P) fertilizing effects of struvite, one thermochemical-treated sewage sludge ash (SSA) based on Ca-P (Ca-SSA) and one full sulfuric acid-digested SSA based on Al-P (Al-SSA) were analysed in comparison to triple superphosphate (TSP) and a control treatment (CON) without P application in a two-year field experiment. In the field experiment, the effects of the recycling products on crop yield, P uptake and labile soil P fractions were analysed. In addition, the effect of nitrogen and magnesium contained in struvite was investigated in the second year of the experiment compared to TSP and CON. In the first year, spring barley was cultivated in the field experiment; and in the second year, it was forage rye followed by sorghum. In the second year, the relative P effectiveness (forage rye, sorghum) of the recycling products compared to TSP increased in the order: Ca-SSA (81%, 91%) ≤ Al-SSA (91%, 96%) = struvite (102%, 110%). In addition, an magnesium fertilizing effect of struvite could be demonstrated. The results show that the recycling products from wastewater treatment are appropriate to substitute rock phosphate-based fertilizers.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document