Australian Palms

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Leslie Dowe
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Botanical History ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
The Usa

Australian Palms offers an updated and thorough systematic and taxonomic treatment of the Australian palm flora, covering 60 species in 21 genera. Of these, 54 species occur in continental Australia and six species on the off-shore territories of Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and Christmas Island. Incorporating recent advances in biogeographic and phylogenetic research, Australian Palms provides a comprehensive introduction to the palm family Arecaceae, with reviews of botanical history, biogeography, phylogeny, ecology and conservation. Thorough descriptions of genera and species include notes on ecology and typification, and keys and distribution maps assist with field recognition. Colour photographs of habit, leaf, flowers, fruit and unique diagnostic characters also feature for each species. This work is the culmination of over 20 years of research into Australian palms, including extensive field-work and examination of herbarium specimens in Australia, South-East Asia, Europe and the USA.

scholarly journals The climbing Hydrangeas (Hydrangeaceae) of Mexico, including description of six (critically) endangered new species

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Stéphanie Samain ◽  
Francisco Hernández Najarro ◽  
Esteban Manuel Martínez Salas
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The Usa

Background and Aims: The genus Hydrangea consists of approximately 200 taxa in Asia and America. Whereas the shrubby species from Asia and the USA, as well as the over 1000 hybrids and cultivars derived from these, are very well known because of their ornamental value, the Neotropical species are much less appreciated. Hydrangea section Cornidia, currently consisting of 13 accepted taxa, occurs from Mexico to Chile and Argentina, with one species in southeast Asia. Its representatives are root-climbing lianas which may grow up to 60 m high in the tree canopy of temperate to (sub)tropical forests. Extensive field work throughout their distribution area and study of herbarium specimens has resulted in the discovery of new taxa. We present here a revision of the ten currently known Mexican species.Methods: Field work was carried out in northwestern, central and southeastern Mexico, including exploration in areas where the genus had not been collected before. Detailed morphological and architectural studies of all species were carried out, based on living plants in their natural habitat, as well as on dried specimens from our own collections and all available herbarium material.Key results: Six Hydrangea species new to science are described here, including an identification key for the native species and one widely cultivated species, illustrations and distribution maps. Additionally, amended descriptions for two earlier described species are presented, as a result of which all currently known native Mexican Hydrangeas now dispose of a detailed morphological description.Conclusions: The genus Hydrangea exemplifies the lack of taxon-specific botanical collection activities in Mexico. The discovery of these new species is even more surprising taking into account the considerable size of these plants. All Mexican Hydrangea species are threatened, mainly due to deforestation and land use changes.

The Orthopteroid insects of Norfolk Island, with descriptions and records of some related species from Lord Howe Island, South Pacific

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (8) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
DCF Rentz
Keyword(s):  
National Parks ◽  
Related Species ◽  
Periplaneta Americana ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Dominant Group ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Wild Olive ◽  
Orthopteroid Insects ◽  
Orthopteran Species

The Orthoptera and Blattodea of Norfolk I. and adjacent Philip I. are discussed as a result of two recent expeditions sponsored by the Australian National Parks and Wildlife Service and CSIRO. The origins, affinities, taxonomy and ecology of species is presented. Relevant notes and descriptions of related species from Lord Howe I. are also included. Twenty species of Orthoptera are known from Norfolk I. and Philip I. Crickets are the dominant group (10 species) probably because they oviposit in plant tissue which is readily dispersed overseas. Ten orthopteran species have their origins in mainland Australia. Three are definitely of New Caledonian origin; the remainder are from south-east Asia. Fifty-five per cent of species are endemic and 72% of these are flightless. Introduced wild olive on Philip I. is considered important in pro-viding litter and cover in which a number of endemic species survive on this otherwise ecologically devastated landscape. Seven species are described as new: Phisis tardipes, sp. nov.; Austrosalomona personafrons, gen. et sp. nov.; A. zentae (Lord Howe), gen. et sp. nov.; Caedicia gracilis, sp. nov.; C. araucariae, sp. nov.; C. noctivaga, sp. nov.; C. mesochides (Lord Howe), sp. nov. Eight species of Blattodea (cockroaches) are recorded from the islands. Only three are considered native, the others have been introduced through commerce. Evidence is presented suggesting that Periplaneta americana (L.), present on Norfolk but not on Philip, has outcompeted and eliminated a native cricket on Norfolk; the cricket is present and common in similar habitats on Philip I. No new species are described.

Spodoptera mauritia. [Distribution map].

1973 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Islands ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Solomon Islands ◽  
Marshall Islands ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
Society Islands ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Norfolk Island

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Spodoptera mauritia (Boisd.) including S. m. acronyctoides (Guen.)) Lep., Noctuidae) (Paddy Swarming Caterpillar or Rice Army Worm). Host Plants: Rice, maize, sugar cane and other Gramineae. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Andaman Islands, Bahrein Island, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Cambodia, China, Christmas Island, Cocos-Keeling Island, India, Indonesia, Iran, Laos, Malaysia, Maldive Islands, Pakistan, Philippines, Sikkim, Singapore, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, Thailand, Vietnam, AFRICA, Comoro Islands, Madagascar, Mauritius, Réunion, Seychelles, Tanzania, Uganda, AUSTRALASIA and PACIFIC ISLANDS, Austral Islands-see Tubuai Islands., Australia, Cook Islands, Fiji, Gilbert Islands, Hawaii, Lord Howe Island, Marianas Islands, Marquesas Islands, Marshall Islands, New Caledonia, New Hebrides, Niue, Norfolk Island, Papua and New Guinea, Pitcairn Island, Samoa, Society Islands, Solomon Islands, Tonga, Tubuai, Irian Jaya.

scholarly journals On Hydrangea peruviana, an endangered species from Ecuador, and Hydrangea oerstedii, very common in Costa Rica and Panama, and seven threatened Central and South American Hydrangeas, which have been confounded with these

PhytoKeys ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 171 ◽  
pp. 91-153
Author(s):  
Marie-Stéphanie Samain ◽  
Carolina Granados Mendoza ◽  
Esteban Manuel Martínez Salas
Keyword(s):  
Costa Rica ◽  
South America ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Tree Canopy ◽  
Distribution Area ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
Study Results

Hydrangea section Cornidia, currently consisting of 19 accepted taxa, occurs from Mexico to Chile and Argentina, with one species in southeast Asia. Its representatives are root-climbing lianas which may grow up to 60 m high in the tree canopy of temperate to (sub)tropical forests. Our extensive field work throughout its distribution area, study of herbarium specimens and ongoing molecular studies have resulted in the discovery of species new to science, as well as new insights into the circumscription of many taxa. We here present amended descriptions for seven Hydrangea species of Central and South America and discuss the taxonomical situation of two Colombian Hydrangeas, including an identification key, illustrations, and distribution maps. Field work was carried out in Costa Rica, Panama, Ecuador and Peru, including exploration in areas where the genus had not been collected before. These specimens and observations were complemented with the study of specimens of 41 herbaria of North, Central and South America, as well as Europe. Detailed morphological studies of all species were carried out, based on living plants in their natural habitat, as well as on dried specimens from our own collections and all available herbarium material. Type material was studied in detail for all species concerned. Based on an extensive number of morphological characters, combined with distribution patterns, phenological differences and ecological preferences, including molecular data in most cases, Hydrangea peruviana and H. oerstedii are clearly distinct taxa, as well as the other seven species mentioned here, which had been synonymized with either of these two species. The present study results in the recognition of 26 species in section Cornidia and exemplifies the urgent need for profound taxonomic studies in plants, as in many families we do not dispose of well-circumscribed units for conservation to mitigate the already occurring unprecedented loss of biodiversity.

‘Such Superfluity of Genera’: Ferdinand Mueller’s Criticism of Generic Limits in Wendland and Drude’s ‘Palmae Australasicae’ of 1875

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Dowe
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Unpublished Manuscript ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Single Publication

Through the loan of herbarium specimens and unpublished manuscript descriptions of new palm species, Ferdinand Mueller made a contribution toward ‘Palmae Australasicae', the foundational taxonomic work on the palm family (Arecaceae/Palmae) in Australia, published by the German botanists Hermann Wendland and Oscar Drude in 1875. In ‘Palmae Australasicae', Wendland and Drude established twelve new genera and described eight new species, thus, in a single publication, increasing about two-fold the taxonomic and nomenclatural scope of the palm family in Australasia. For Australia (including Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island), they enumerated a total of sixteen genera, twenty-six species and three subspecies. Mueller, however, was critical of the taxonomic decisions made by Wendland and Drude, particularly concerning generic limits. Mueller's taxonomic views on the palms were conservative and his interpretation of generic limits was relatively broad, preferring fewer genera and more species in each genus.

Morphology and molecular phylogeny of the marine algal order Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) from New South Wales, including Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. K. Millar ◽  
D. Wilson Freshwater
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Marine Algal

Fifteen species in seven genera of the marine benthic red algal order Gelidiales are reported from the New South Wales coast including Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. Critical sampling, a re-examination of herbarium specimens filed in the Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney and the University of Melbourne, and molecular sequencing of most of the species has determined that many of the previous identifications from this region of the Pacific were incorrect. Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis, once widely reported from this coast, is shown not to occur here and the specimens on which these misidentifications were made have proved to represent either new species or previously described species. Similarly, records of Gelidium australe J. Agardh have been found to represent misidentification of the formerly New Zealand endemic Gelidium allanii V.J.Chapman, and specimens identified as Gelidium caulacantheum J. Agardh actually represent the new species Gelidium hommersandii sp. nov. Previously recorded species verified in this study are Capreolia implexa Guiry & Womersley, Gelidiella acerosa (Forsskål) Feldmann & G.Hamel, Gelidium maidenii Lucas, Pterocladia lucida (Turner) J. Agardh, Pterocladiella caerulescens (Kützing) Santelices & Hommersand [as Pterocladia caerulescens (Kützing) Santelices], Pterocladiella capillacea (Gmelin) Santelices & Hommersand [as Pterocladia capillacea (Gmelin) Bornet], and Ptilophora pectinata (A. & E.S. Gepp) R.E.Norris. These species are described and illustrated in detail along with previously unreported reproductive structures. Three species are newly recorded for the New South Wales mainland [Parviphycus antipae Celan, Gelidium crinale (Turner) Gaillon, and Pterocladiella caloglossoides (Howe) Santelices], and two species (Gelidium isabelae W.R.Taylor and Gelidium allanii V.J.Chapman) represent new records for the Australian continent. In addition, three new species are described: Gelidium bernabei sp. nov., Gelidium declerckii sp. nov., and Gelidium hommersandii sp. nov.

Taxonomic revision of the neotropical genus Homalolepis Turcz. (Simaroubaceae)

Phytotaxa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 366 (1) ◽  
pp. 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCELO FERNANDO DEVECCHI ◽  
WILLIAM WAYT THOMAS ◽  
JOSÉ RUBENS PIRANI
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Central America ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Infrageneric Classification ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Species Complexes ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Narrow Endemics

Homalolepis Turcz. is a neotropical, monophyletic genus, recently reestablished as a segregate from Simaba Aubl., based on molecular and morphological grounds. As here defined, Homalolepis comprises 28 species, mainly distributed in tropical South America, with one species extending to Central America. Most species occur within the Cerrado and Atlantic forest domains in Brazil and only a few species occur in the Caatinga and Amazonian domains or in other countries. Most of the species are narrow endemics, and two (H. suaveolens and H. maiana) are presumably extinct. The present revision treatment is primarily based on the examination of about 1300 specimens from 58 herbaria. Natural populations of 20 species were also studied. Extensive field work improved the representativeness of collections of several species which were poorly known until now, and it was critical for achieving accurate species circumscriptions, especially for some species complexes present in the genus. Twenty-three species were transferred from Simaba to Homalolepis, seven names lectotypified, an epitype designated, seven new species described, and one reestablished. The infrageneric classification is reevaluated, with an updated morphological circumscription of two traditional sections. This revision provides the taxonomic data on nomenclatural types, including synonymies, morphological descriptions, etymology of species names, common names and uses, illustrations and photos, and brief discussions on phenology, taxonomy and nomenclature. Distribution maps are provided for each species, along with biogeographical and ecological comments.

scholarly journals Two new species of Primulina (Gesneriaceae) from limestone karsts of China

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e4946 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Hong ◽  
Zhong-Lin Li ◽  
Jia-Zhi Liu ◽  
Shou-Biao Zhou ◽  
Wei-Hua Qin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Corolla Tube ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
Karst Area ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Unknown Species ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Data Deficient ◽  
Terrestrial Biomes ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The limestone karst area of South China is a major biodiversity hotspot of global terrestrial biomes. During extensive field work on the Guangxi limestone formations, two unknown species of Gesneriaceae were collected. After conducting a comprehensive study of the literature and herbarium specimens, Primulina davidioides and P. hiemalis are recognized as two species new to science, and described and illustrated here. P. davidioides is morphologically close to P. lunglinensis based on the shape of the leaf and flower, but it can be easily distinguished by the shape of the bracts, corolla and stigma, indumentum of peduncles, pedicels and pistil and number of staminodes. P. hiemalis is closely relate to P. luzhaiensis in vegetative appearance, but differs in the shape of the calyx and stigma, number of bracts and staminodes, indumentum of the leaf blade and peduncle, and position of stamens in the corolla tube. Considering that not enough is known about their populations, it is proposed that their conservation statuses should currently be classed as data deficient (DD) according to the IUCN Red List Category and Criteria.

scholarly journals A Synopsis of Orthotrichum s. lato (Bryophyta, Orthotrichaceae) in China, with Distribution Maps and a Key to Determination

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Vítězslav Plášek ◽  
Zuzana Komínková ◽  
Ryszard Ochyra ◽  
Lucie Fialová ◽  
Shuiliang Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
First Time

A total of 46 species and two varieties of the traditionally interpreted genus Orthotrichum are currently known to occur in China. They represent five genera, including Orthotrichum (29 species), Lewinskya (14 species and two varieties), and Nyholmiella and Leratia that are represented by a single species each. The fifth genus Florschuetziella, also consisting of only one species, F. scaberrima, is an entirely neglected representative of the China’s moss flora. A list of all accepted taxa is presented and for each taxon all literature records and herbarium specimens are enumerated for provinces in which they have been recorded, and their distribution is mapped. A key to determination of Chinese orthotrichalean mosses is presented. A chronological list of 63 species and varieties and two designations, O. catagonioides and O. microsporum which have never been validly published, reported from China in the years 1892–2020 is presented. Four species, Orthotrichum brasii, O. hooglandii, O. elegans and O. gymnostomum are excluded from the bryoflora of China and Lewinskya affinis var. bohemica and Orthotrichum schimperi are recorded for the first time from this country. Phytogeography of the Chinese taxa of the orthotrichalean mosses is considered and they are grouped into eight phytogeographical elements and five sub-elements.

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