scholarly journals A Synopsis of Orthotrichum s. lato (Bryophyta, Orthotrichaceae) in China, with Distribution Maps and a Key to Determination

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Vítězslav Plášek ◽  
Zuzana Komínková ◽  
Ryszard Ochyra ◽  
Lucie Fialová ◽  
Shuiliang Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Species ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
First Time

A total of 46 species and two varieties of the traditionally interpreted genus Orthotrichum are currently known to occur in China. They represent five genera, including Orthotrichum (29 species), Lewinskya (14 species and two varieties), and Nyholmiella and Leratia that are represented by a single species each. The fifth genus Florschuetziella, also consisting of only one species, F. scaberrima, is an entirely neglected representative of the China’s moss flora. A list of all accepted taxa is presented and for each taxon all literature records and herbarium specimens are enumerated for provinces in which they have been recorded, and their distribution is mapped. A key to determination of Chinese orthotrichalean mosses is presented. A chronological list of 63 species and varieties and two designations, O. catagonioides and O. microsporum which have never been validly published, reported from China in the years 1892–2020 is presented. Four species, Orthotrichum brasii, O. hooglandii, O. elegans and O. gymnostomum are excluded from the bryoflora of China and Lewinskya affinis var. bohemica and Orthotrichum schimperi are recorded for the first time from this country. Phytogeography of the Chinese taxa of the orthotrichalean mosses is considered and they are grouped into eight phytogeographical elements and five sub-elements.

Taxonomic Revision of Euphrasia (Orobanchaceae) in South America

2021 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 392-423
Author(s):  
Ana Verónica Ortiz ◽  
Pablo Moroni ◽  
Fabiana Mirra ◽  
Rosa María Villanueva Espinoza ◽  
Nataly O'Leary
Keyword(s):  
South America ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Morphological Study ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
South American ◽  
South American Species ◽  
Arduous Task ◽  
First Time

Morphological boundaries between South American species of Euphrasia L. are controversial, rendering determination of specimens an arduous task. In this context, a comprehensive taxonomic revision of Euphrasia in South America is here provided for the first time. This study, based upon a classical morphological study of ca. 400 herbarium specimens, supports the recognition of eight species and one subspecies distributed in the Andean regions of Argentina, Bolivia, and Chile. From among native species, six belong to section Trifidae Benth. and one to the monotypic section Paradoxae Pugsley, endemic to Juan Fernández Islands; one adventive species, E. officinalis L., belongs to the section Euphrasia. The previously misunderstood presence of E. cockayniana Petrie is here untangled, and, consequently, the species is excluded from South America. A key to all Euphrasia taxa in South America, plus morphological descriptions, nomenclature items, geographical distribution and maps, habitat notes, illustrations, photographs, and discussion notes are included for the nine taxa. Eleven names are here synonymized, and lectotypes are designated for E. andicola Benth., E. debilis Wettst., E. flavicans Phil., E. intricata Phil., and E. philippii Wettst. Euphrasia andicola is reported for the first time for Argentina. This collaborative effort will represent a baseline for further investigations on Euphrasia in South America.

Diploidy, polyploidy, and agamospermy among species of Eupatorium (Compositae)

1976 ◽  
Vol 54 (24) ◽  
pp. 2907-2917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria I. Sullivan
Keyword(s):  
Normal Embryo ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Pollen Production ◽  
Chromosome Counts ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Normal Pollen ◽  
Abortive Pollen ◽  
Chromosomal Pairing ◽  
First Time

Diploids of eight species of Eupatorium, triploids of three species, and tetraploids of four species are reported here for the first time. Meiosisin microsporocytes of triploids and tetraploids either failed to occur resulting in failure of pollen production or less frequently resulted in either incomplete chromosomal pairing or complete asynapsis; the latter two events lead to the production of grossly malformed, abortive pollen with unevenly deposited walls. Megasporogenesis examined in two polyploid plants led to the formation of eight-nucleate, unreduced embryo sacs which formed endosperm and embryos without pollination, indicating that the sporophytes develop asexually through agamospermy. Evidence is given that this may be a facultative characteristic. Megasporogenesis, studied in diploids of four species, produced normal embryo sacs with no indication of agamospermous development. Diploid plants of 11 of 12 species were tested and found to be self-incompatible.Since diploids could readily be distinguished from polyploids by pollen production (diploids produced normal pollen, polyploids produced none or malformed pollen), distributions of a large number of diploid, triploid, and tetraploid individuals could be determined from examining anthers of herbarium specimens. Distribution maps were made using these data as well as those from chromosome counts. Diploid members of species having both diploid, triploid, and (or) tetraploid members consistently had smaller distributional ranges than polyploids of the same species.

scholarly journals Present state of knowledge on the family Begoniaceae CA Agardh (Magnoliopsida) of Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
PK Deb ◽  
MA Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
New Records ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
The Family ◽  
First Time ◽  
Generic Family ◽  
Term Field

The inventory and assessment of species diversity in the mono-generic family Begoniaceae C. A. Agardh of Bangladesh were made through long term field investigations, collections, identification, survey and examination of preserved herbarium specimens and review of relevant taxonomic and floristic literature. The family is recognized to be represented in the flora of Bangladesh by 19 species under the genus Begonia L. Of these, 11 species were known to be previously recorded from the area of Bangladesh, hence additional 8 species of the present account are being reported here for the first time as new records from Bangladesh, these are: Begonia grandis Dryand. ssp. holostylla Irmsch. , B. heracleifolia Cham. and Schltdl. Cult., B. maculata Raddi Cult. B. modestiflora Kurz, B. muliensis T. T. Yu. Cult., B. scintillans Dunn, B. surculigera Kurz and B. thomsonii A. DC. An enumeration of these 19 species is prepared, and each species is cited with detailed taxonomic data. All species of the Begonia L. are herbaceous in nature and possess potential economic values, viz. 11 (52%) medicinal, 5 (24%) ornamental, 3 (14%) beverage, 1 (5%) food and 1 (5%) poisonous. Determination of status of occurrence showed that 2 (10.53%) species are common, 5 (26.32%) cultivated, 9 (47.36%) threatened and 3 (15.79%) possibly extinct in Bangladesh. Field photographs and hand drawings of recorded taxa are provided.J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2018, 4(1): 35-46

The lichen genus Lepraria in Poland

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin KUKWA
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
First Time

The lichen genus Lepraria in Poland, comprising 17 species, is reviewed: for each taxon, remarks on the chemistry, distribution and habitat preferences are provided. Distribution maps are also presented, together with a key for determination of the Polish species. Lepraria diffusa var. chrysodetoides is reduced to a synonym of L. diffusa s. str., a new chemotype with a new substance is reported for L. neglecta, and rangiformic acid is reported for the first time for chemotype III of L. caesioalba. Lepraria borealis is reported for the first time from Africa (Canary Islands) and L. nigrocincta from Nepal.

scholarly journals An integrative monograph of Carex section Schoenoxiphium (Cyperaceae)

PeerJ ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. e11336
Author(s):  
Modesto Luceño ◽  
Tamara Villaverde ◽  
José Ignacio Márquez-Corro ◽  
Rogelio Sánchez-Villegas ◽  
Enrique Maguilla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plastid Dna ◽  
Eastern Africa ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Distinct Genus ◽  
Biogeographic Region ◽  
Center Of Diversity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Nomen Novum ◽  
First Time

Carex section Schoenoxiphium (Cariceae, Cyperaceae) is endemic to the Afrotropical biogeographic region and is mainly distributed in southern and eastern Africa, with its center of diversity in eastern South Africa. The taxon was formerly recognized as a distinct genus and has a long history of taxonomic controversy. It has also an important morphological and molecular background in particular dealing with the complexity of its inflorescence and the phylogenetic relationships of its species. We here present a fully updated and integrative monograph of Carex section Schoenoxiphium based on morphological, molecular and cytogenetic data. A total of 1,017 herbarium specimens were examined and the majority of the species were studied in the field. Previous molecular phylogenies based on Sanger-sequencing of four nuclear and plastid DNA regions and RAD-seq were expanded. For the first time, chromosome numbers were obtained, with cytogenetic counts on 44 populations from 15 species and one hybrid. Our taxonomic treatment recognizes 21 species, one of them herein newly described (C. gordon-grayae). Our results agree with previous molecular works that have found five main lineages in Schoenoxiphium. We provide detailed morphological descriptions, distribution maps and analytical drawings of all accepted species in section Schoenoxiphium, an identification key, and a thorough nomenclatural survey including 19 new typifications and one nomen novum.

scholarly journals Philippine mossy forest stick insects: first record of the genus Otraleus Günther, 1935 in the country, with four new species, and the new genus Capuyanus gen. nov. (Phasmida, Diapheromeridae, Necrosciinae)

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joachim Bresseel ◽  
Jérôme Constant
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Genus ◽  
Single Species ◽  
First Record ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Stick Insects ◽  
First Time

The genus Otraleus Günther, 1935 is recorded from the Philippines for the first time. Four new species, Otraleus bellemansae sp. nov., O. applai sp. nov., O. christianae sp. nov. and O. elizabethae sp. nov., are described from the highlands of Northwestern Luzon. The characters allowing separation from O. hypsimelathrus Günther, 1935 and O. labanrataensis Soew-Choen, 2016, are given. A new genus closely related to Otraleus, Capuyanus gen. nov., is described with a single species, C. magwilangi sp. nov., as type-species. An identification key and distribution maps are provided for all species.

A Taxonomic Treatment of Rogiera (Guettardeae, Rubiaceae)

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-210
Author(s):  
Alejandro Torres-Montúfar ◽  
Hilda Flores-Olvera ◽  
Helga Ochoterena
Keyword(s):  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Morphological Evidence ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Phenological Data ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Taxonomic Treatment ◽  
Center Of Diversity ◽  
Previously Treated ◽  
Northern South America ◽  
First Time

Abstract—Rogiera (Guettardeae, Rubiaceae) is a Neotropical genus distributed from Mexico to northern South America that includes shrubs, treelets, or trees, which were previously treated in the taxonomically controversial and confused Rondeletia complex. Rogiera can be recognized among other Rubiaceae by the combination of multiflowered inflorescences, heterostylous flowers, quincuncial corolla aestivation, a hairy ring at the corolla mouth, and capsular fruits with loculicidal dehiscence. Despite the recent taxonomic circumscription of Rogiera there is not a comprehensive taxonomic treatment to it. Moreover, regional floristic treatments disagree on the species circumscriptions, with discrepancies in the number of species of Rogiera from 11 to 20. Based on molecular and morphological evidence studied on field and herbarium specimens, we present a taxonomic revision of Rogiera. We recognize ten species; Mexico is the center of diversity with nine species, four of them endemic. An identification key, descriptions, distribution maps, nomenclatural history, phenological data, and illustrations of all the species in the genus are provided for the first time. Several names required lecto- or epitypifications designated here.

scholarly journals A taxonomic revision of the African genus Desplatsia Bocq. (Malvaceae – Grewioideae)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Wellsow ◽  
Michelle Hart ◽  
Peter Wilkie ◽  
David J. Harris
Keyword(s):  
Conservation Status ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
West And Central Africa ◽  
Species Descriptions ◽  
First Time ◽  
Trees And Shrubs ◽  
African Genus

A taxonomic revision of Desplatsia Bocq. (Malvaceae s. lat. Juss., subfamily Grewioideae Hochr., tribe Grewieae Endl.) based on about 800 herbarium specimens is presented. Desplatsia is a genus of trees and shrubs found in tropical West and Central Africa and is characterized by subulately divided stipules, the absence of an androgynophore, stamens that are fused to a tube at the base, and large and distinctive fruits that are dispersed by elephants. Four species are recognized (D. subericarpa Bocq., D. chrysochlamys (Mildbr. & Burret) Mildbr. & Burret, D. dewevrei (De Wild. & T.Durand) Burret and D. mildbraedii Burret) and 12 species names are placed into synonymy, two of which have been put into synonymy for the first time: D. floribunda Burret syn. nov. and D. trillesiana (Pierre ex De Wild.) Pierre ex A.Chev. syn. nov. All four species are widely distributed and their conservation status is assessed as Least Concern (LC). A key to the species, full species descriptions, illustrations, a specimen citation list and distribution maps are provided.

scholarly journals Lichens genus Lepraria in Belarus: ecology and distribution of species

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-47
Author(s):  
A. P. Yatsyna
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Metabolites ◽  
21St Century ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Qualitative Composition ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Lichen Substances ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Crustose Lichens ◽  
First Time

Sterile crustose lichens, i. e., those species that do not form fruiting bodies on the territory of Belarus, domestic scientists started to focus only at the beginning of the 21st century, despite the fact that already in the 60–70’s in the 20th century and methods for determining lichen substances in lichens were developed.Subjects of the study were herbarium specimens of lichenized fungi of the genus Lepraria in the amount of 68 herbarium bags from the collection of lichens MSK-L. As a result of the determination of secondary metabolites in the samples and the use of morphological features, it is established that the samples studied are represented by 9 species from the genus Lepraria: L. caesioalba, L. eburnea, L. elobata, L. finkii, L. incana, L. jackii, L., neglecta, L. rigidula и L. vouauxii. Lichen Lepraria caesioalba first time provides for the territory of the republic. The biotopes and substrate association of lichens with the genus Lepraria has been established. The qualitative composition of secondary metabolites of the studied samples is revealed. Among certain species, lichens L. incana and L. finkii are common on the territory of Belarus. The herbarium material on lichens of the genus Lepraria determined using TLC can be used in the preparation of the next volume of “Flora of lichens of Belarus”.

scholarly journals Taxonomic Revision of the Neotropical Genus Werneria (Compositae, Senecioneae)

2020 ◽  
pp. iv-123
Author(s):  
Joel Calvo ◽  
Andrés Moreira-Muñoz ◽  
Vicki A. Funk
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Taxonomic Revision ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Identification Key ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Tacaná Volcano ◽  
First Time

Werneria is a neotropical genus belonging to the tribe Senecioneae (Compositae) that is mainly distributed through the highlands of the Andes. Only a single species, W. nubigena, has a trans-Andean distribution and reaches the Tacaná Volcano in southern Chiapas (Mexico). The traditional concept of Werneria was significantly narrowed at the end of the twentieth century after segregating several species and accommodating these mostly in the genus Xenophyllum. As currently circumscribed, it includes rosettiform or scapiform species characterized by usually displaying involucral bracts that are fused at the base, supplementary bracts commonly absent, usually radiate but sometimes discoid or disciform capitula, white or yellow ray corollas (when present), a balusterform filament collar, and style branches that are truncate and have a crown of sweeping hairs. The first modern, comprehensive revision of this genus recognizing 27 species is presented here. Werneria heteroloba and W. obtusiloba are synonymized with W. pinnatifida, and W. acerosifolia is synonymized with W. staticifolia. Moreover, five infraspecific names and three supraspecific names are synonymized. Detailed descriptions, distribution maps, photographs of living plants (except for W. cochlearis), and a list of all specimens examined are provided for each accepted species. An identification key to the species and a list of exsiccatae are also given. Eight species are illustrated, two of them for the first time. The following names are lectotypified: Werneria brachypappa Sch. Bip., W. caespitosa Wedd., W. calyculata Turcz., W. canaliculata Sch. Bip., W. carnulosa A. Gray, W. densa Benth., W. disticha Kunth, W. glaberrima Phil., W. glandulosa Wedd., W. heteroloba f. microcephala Rockh., W. mandoniana Wedd. ex Klatt, W. nubigena Kunth, W. nubigena var. caulescens Wedd., W. nubigena var. dombeyana Wedd., W. orbignyana Wedd., W. orbignyana var. breviradiata A. Gray, W. orbignyana var. longifolia Rockh., W. pectinata Lingelsh., W. plantaginifolia Wedd. ex Klatt, W. pygmaea var. caespitosa Wedd., W. rhizoma J. Rémy, W. solivifolia Sch. Bip., W. staticifolia Sch. Bip., W. staticifolia var. celmisioides Wedd., and W. villosa A. Gray. The names Werneria knocheae Perkins, W. minima Walp., W. minima var. pygmaea Walp., and W. stuebelii Hieron. are neotypified, and an epitype is designated for W. glandulosa. At the supraspecific level, the name Werneria sect. Integrifoliae Rockh. is typified.

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