‘Such Superfluity of Genera’: Ferdinand Mueller’s Criticism of Generic Limits in Wendland and Drude’s ‘Palmae Australasicae’ of 1875

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 82 ◽  
Author(s):  
John L. Dowe
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Unpublished Manuscript ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Palm Species ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Single Publication

Through the loan of herbarium specimens and unpublished manuscript descriptions of new palm species, Ferdinand Mueller made a contribution toward ‘Palmae Australasicae', the foundational taxonomic work on the palm family (Arecaceae/Palmae) in Australia, published by the German botanists Hermann Wendland and Oscar Drude in 1875. In ‘Palmae Australasicae', Wendland and Drude established twelve new genera and described eight new species, thus, in a single publication, increasing about two-fold the taxonomic and nomenclatural scope of the palm family in Australasia. For Australia (including Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island), they enumerated a total of sixteen genera, twenty-six species and three subspecies. Mueller, however, was critical of the taxonomic decisions made by Wendland and Drude, particularly concerning generic limits. Mueller's taxonomic views on the palms were conservative and his interpretation of generic limits was relatively broad, preferring fewer genera and more species in each genus.

Morphology and molecular phylogeny of the marine algal order Gelidiales (Rhodophyta) from New South Wales, including Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands

2005 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. K. Millar ◽  
D. Wilson Freshwater
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Australian Continent ◽  
Red Algal ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Marine Algal

Fifteen species in seven genera of the marine benthic red algal order Gelidiales are reported from the New South Wales coast including Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island. Critical sampling, a re-examination of herbarium specimens filed in the Royal Botanic Gardens Sydney and the University of Melbourne, and molecular sequencing of most of the species has determined that many of the previous identifications from this region of the Pacific were incorrect. Gelidium pusillum (Stackhouse) Le Jolis, once widely reported from this coast, is shown not to occur here and the specimens on which these misidentifications were made have proved to represent either new species or previously described species. Similarly, records of Gelidium australe J. Agardh have been found to represent misidentification of the formerly New Zealand endemic Gelidium allanii V.J.Chapman, and specimens identified as Gelidium caulacantheum J. Agardh actually represent the new species Gelidium hommersandii sp. nov. Previously recorded species verified in this study are Capreolia implexa Guiry & Womersley, Gelidiella acerosa (Forsskål) Feldmann & G.Hamel, Gelidium maidenii Lucas, Pterocladia lucida (Turner) J. Agardh, Pterocladiella caerulescens (Kützing) Santelices & Hommersand [as Pterocladia caerulescens (Kützing) Santelices], Pterocladiella capillacea (Gmelin) Santelices & Hommersand [as Pterocladia capillacea (Gmelin) Bornet], and Ptilophora pectinata (A. & E.S. Gepp) R.E.Norris. These species are described and illustrated in detail along with previously unreported reproductive structures. Three species are newly recorded for the New South Wales mainland [Parviphycus antipae Celan, Gelidium crinale (Turner) Gaillon, and Pterocladiella caloglossoides (Howe) Santelices], and two species (Gelidium isabelae W.R.Taylor and Gelidium allanii V.J.Chapman) represent new records for the Australian continent. In addition, three new species are described: Gelidium bernabei sp. nov., Gelidium declerckii sp. nov., and Gelidium hommersandii sp. nov.

New species of Crotonia (Acari: Oribatida: Crotoniidae) from Lord Howe and Norfolk Islands: further evidence of long-distance dispersal events in the biogeography of a genus of Gondwanan relict oribatid mites

Zootaxa ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 2650 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
MATTHEW J. COLLOFF
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Oribatid Mite ◽  
Species Group ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Norfolk Island

Three new species of oribatid mite belonging to the genus Crotonia are described: one from Lord Howe Island (C. gorgonia sp. nov.) and two (C. norfolkensis sp. nov. and C. utricularia sp. nov.) from Norfolk Island, South-west Pacific. Crotonia gorgonia sp. nov. belongs to the Capistrata species group which reaches its highest diversity in Australia but is absent from New Zealand. Crotonia norfolkensis sp. nov. is a member of the Cophinaria group, recorded from Australia, New Zealand and New Caledonia, but with closest morphological similarity to C. brachyrostrum (Hammer, 1966) from New Zealand. Crotonia utricularia sp. nov. belongs to the Unguifera group, which reaches its highest diversity in New Zealand, is absent from Australia, and is present on Vanuatu and the Marquesas. The distribution of members of the species-groups of Crotonia in the south-western Pacific indicates that the species from Lord Howe Island has affinities with species from Australia, while the species from Norfolk Island are both most similar to species from New Zealand, and represents further evidence of the capacity of Crotonia spp. for long-distance dispersal to oceanic islands.

scholarly journals A monograph of the Australopacific Saprininae (Coleoptera, Histeridae)

ZooKeys ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 689 ◽  
pp. 1-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomáš Lackner ◽  
Richard A.B. Leschen
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
Type Species ◽  
New Records ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Phylogenetic Affinities ◽  
Early Cenozoic

The Australopacific Saprininae, containing twelve genera and forty species, are reviewed, illustrated and keyed to genera and species. Two new genera, Australopachylopusgen. n. (New Zealand, type species Saprinus lepidulus Broun, 1881) and Iridoprinusgen. n. (Australia, type species I. myrmecophilussp. n.) and four new species: Saprinus (Saprinus) rarussp. n. (Australia), Saprinus (Saprinus) chathamensissp. n. (Chatham Islands, New Zealand), Saprinus (Saprinus) pseudodetritussp. n. (Chatham Islands, New Zealand) and Saprinus (Saprinus) pacificussp. n. (Kiribati) are described. The Saprininae fauna of the Australopacific Region is a mixture of northern invaders that most likely arrived to the region in early Cenozoic by ‘island hopping’ from north (Hypocaccus, Hypocacculus, several Saprinus) and truly autochthonous taxa either with uncertain phylogenetic affinities (Iridoprinusgen. n., Saprinodes Lewis, 1891, Reichardtia Wenzel, 1944, Australopachylopusgen. n.), primitive Australopacific endemics (e.g. Tomogenius Marseul, 1862) or presumed relicts (several species of Saprinus Erichson, 1834). Several Saprininae taxa (Chalcionellus aeneovirens (Schmidt, 1890); (Gnathoncus rotundatus (Kugelann, 1792); G. communis (Marseul, 1862); Euspilotus (Neosaprinus) rubriculus (Marseul, 1855); Hypocaccus (Nessus) interpunctatus interpunctatus (Schmidt, 1885); Saprinus (S.) chalcites (Illiger, 1807) and Saprinus (S.) cupreus Erichson, 1834)) were introduced into the region with human activity. We report the first cases of myrmecophily (Iridoprinus myrmecophilusgen. et sp. n.) and termitophily (Saprinus rarussp. n.) in the Saprininae from the Australopacific Region. Lectotypes and paralectotypes of the following taxa are designated herein: Saprinus amethystinus Lewis, 1900, Saprinus apricarius Erichson, 1834, Saprinus artensis Marseul, 1862, Saprinus auricollis Marseul, 1855, Saprinus australasiae Blackburn, 1903, Saprinus bistrigifrons Marseul, 1855, Saprinus certus Lewis, 1888, Saprinus communis Marseul, 1862, Saprinus cupreus Erichson, 1834, Saprinus cyanellus Marseul, 1855, Hister cyaneus Fabricius, 1775, Saprinus dentipes Marseul, 1855, Saprinus desbordesi Auzat, 1916, Saprinus gayndahensis MacLeay, 1871, Saprinus hyla Marseul, 1864, Saprinus incisisternus Marseul, 1862, Saprinus incisus Erichson, 1842, Saprinus irinus Marseul, 1862, Saprinus laetus Erichson, 1834, Saprinus lepidulus Broun, 1881, Saprinus mastersii MacLeay, 1871, Saprinus nitiduloides Fairmaire, 1883, Saprinus pedator Sharp, 1876, Saprinus pseudocyaneus White, 1846, Saprinus rubriculus Marseul, 1855, Saprinus sinae Marseul, 1862, Saprinus tasmanicus Marseul, 1855, Saprinus tyrrhenus Blackburn, 1903, Saprinus varians Schmidt, 1890, Saprinus vernulus Blackburn, 1903, Saprinus viridanus Lewis, 1899, Saprinus viridipennis Lewis, 1901, and Saprinus westraliensis Blackburn, 1903. The synonymy of Saprinus tyrrhenus Blackburn, 1903 is revoked and the species is considered as valid (stat. n.). Seven new synonymies are proposed: Saprinus gayndahensis MacLeay, 1871 = Saprinus laetus Erichson, 1834 syn. n., Saprinus pseudocyaneus White, 1846 = Saprinus laetus Erichson, 1834 syn. n., Saprinus mastersii MacLeay, 1871 = Saprinus laetus Erichson, 1834 syn. n., Saprinus dentipes Marseul, 1855 = Hypocaccus (Baeckmanniolus) gaudens (J.L. LeConte, 1851) syn. n., Hypocaccus (Hypocaccus) vernulus (Blackburn, 1903) = Hypocaccus (Hypocaccus) sinae (Marseul, 1862) syn. n., Saprinus (Saprinus) lindrothi Dahlgren, 1968 = Saprinus (Saprinus) prasinus Erichson, 1834 syn. n., and Saprinus (Saprinus) certus Lewis, 1888 = Saprinus (Saprinus) frontistrius Marseul, 1855 syn. n. The following new records are: Euspilotus (Neosaprinus) rubriculus (Marseul, 1855) (= Saprinus gnathoncoides Bickhardt, 1909) (Australia), Saprinus (Saprinus) laetus Erichson, 1834 (Lord Howe Island) and Saprinus (Saprinus) cyaneus cyaneus (Fabricius, 1775) (Lord Howe Island and Fiji).

scholarly journals A new species ofTriteSimon, 1885 (Araneae: Salticidae) from New Zealand, with remarks onTriterelationships and radiation

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Patoleta ◽  
Marek Żabka
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Species Groups ◽  
Alternative Scenarios ◽  
A New Species

A species known from earlier behavioural studies as “Holoplatys sp.”, is described asTrite pollardisp. nov. Within the genusTrite, two species groups are distinguished: theplaniceps-group (found in New Caledonia, New Zealand, Lord Howe Island and Norfolk Island) and theincognita-group (limited to New Zealand). The three alternative scenarios of theTriteorigin, relationships and radiation in New Zealand, New Caledonia and Lord Howe Island are discussed. Three species are considered to be excluded fromTrite.

Hypselodoris jacksoni, a new species from the south-western Pacific Ocean (Nudibranchia: Chromodorididae), with a discussion on intraspecific variation  in mantle glands in Chromodoris willani Rudman, 1982

Zootaxa ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 1549 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
NERIDA G. WILSON ◽  
RICHARD C. WILLAN
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Pacific Ocean ◽  
Intraspecific Variation ◽  
Western Pacific ◽  
Western Pacific Ocean ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
Receptaculum Seminis ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Hypselodoris (Chromodorididae) is described from the subtropical and temperate south-western Pacific Ocean (eastern Australia, Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island). The colouration of Hypselodoris jacksoni sp. nov. is distinctive, though highly variable intraspecifically. Hypselodoris jacksoni belongs to the Indo-Pacific Hypselodoris clade (for which the key synapomorphy is a minute receptaculum seminis) and, based on comparisons of internal and external morphology, appears to belong to a subclade characterised by an elevated branchial sheath, probably most closely related to H. krakotoa Gosliner & Johnson, 1999, H. reidi Gosliner & Johnson, 1999 and H. regina Ev. & Er. Marcus, 1970. Intraspecific variation in the arrangement of mantle glands in H. jacksoni prompted a preand post-fixation comparison of mantle glands in another chromodorid, Chromodoris willani Rudman, 1982. These results indicate these structures can vary significantly within a population (and thus species), and it is likely that too much emphasis has been placed on mantle glands for separating species in the recent literature.

Australian Palms

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Leslie Dowe
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Herbarium Specimens ◽  
South East Asia ◽  
Distribution Maps ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Lord Howe Island ◽  
Botanical History ◽  
Extensive Field ◽  
Norfolk Island ◽  
The Usa

Australian Palms offers an updated and thorough systematic and taxonomic treatment of the Australian palm flora, covering 60 species in 21 genera. Of these, 54 species occur in continental Australia and six species on the off-shore territories of Lord Howe Island, Norfolk Island and Christmas Island. Incorporating recent advances in biogeographic and phylogenetic research, Australian Palms provides a comprehensive introduction to the palm family Arecaceae, with reviews of botanical history, biogeography, phylogeny, ecology and conservation. Thorough descriptions of genera and species include notes on ecology and typification, and keys and distribution maps assist with field recognition. Colour photographs of habit, leaf, flowers, fruit and unique diagnostic characters also feature for each species. This work is the culmination of over 20 years of research into Australian palms, including extensive field-work and examination of herbarium specimens in Australia, South-East Asia, Europe and the USA.

Three new species, two new genera, and new family Biphragmosagittidae (Сhaetognatha) from Southwest Pacific Ocean

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 161-173
Author(s):  
A.P. Kassatkina
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Type Species ◽  
Morphological Characters ◽  
The Body ◽  
New Order ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Family ◽  
The Family ◽  
Three New Species

Resuming published and own data, a revision of classification of Chaetognatha is presented. The family Sagittidae Claus & Grobben, 1905 is given a rank of subclass, Sagittiones, characterised, in particular, by the presence of two pairs of sac-like gelatinous structures or two pairs of fins. Besides the order Aphragmophora Tokioka, 1965, it contains the new order Biphragmosagittiformes ord. nov., which is a unique group of Chaetognatha with an unusual combination of morphological characters: the transverse muscles present in both the trunk and the tail sections of the body; the seminal vesicles simple, without internal complex compartments; the presence of two pairs of lateral fins. The only family assigned to the new order, Biphragmosagittidae fam. nov., contains two genera. Diagnoses of the two new genera, Biphragmosagitta gen. nov. (type species B. tarasovi sp. nov. and B. angusticephala sp. nov.) and Biphragmofastigata gen. nov. (type species B. fastigata sp. nov.), detailed descriptions and pictures of the three new species are presented.

scholarly journals A synthesis of African and western Indian Ocean Island mammal taxa (Class: Mammalia) described between 1988 and 2008: an update to Allen (1939) and Ansell (1989)

Zootaxa ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 2205 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
MICHAEL HOFFMANN ◽  
PETER GRUBB ◽  
COLIN P. GROVES ◽  
RAINER HUTTERER ◽  
ERIK VAN DER STRAETEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Indian Ocean ◽  
Systematic Position ◽  
Iucn Red List ◽  
New Genera ◽  
New Subspecies ◽  
New Subgenus ◽  
African Mammals ◽  
The Status ◽  
Data Deficient

We provide a synthesis of all mammal taxa described from the African mainland, Madagascar and all surrounding islands in the 20 years since 1988, thereby supplementing the earlier works of G.M. Allen (1939) and W.F.H. Ansell (1989), and bringing the list of African mammals described over the last 250 years current to December 2008. We list 175 new extant taxa, including five new genera, one new subgenus, 138 new species and 31 new subspecies, including remarks, where relevant, on the current systematic position of each taxon. Names of seven species of primates are emended, according to the requirements of the ICZN. The taxonomic group in which the largest number of new taxa has been described is the Primates, with two new genera, 47 new species and 11 new subspecies, while geographically the biggest increase in new species descriptions has been on the island of Madagascar, accounting for roughly half (67) of all new species described in the past 20 years. Nearly half of all new species listed currently are assessed as Data Deficient on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (49 of 101 listed species) suggesting further research is urgently needed to help clarify the status of those recently described species.

scholarly journals New Recent foraminiferal genera and species from the lagoon at Madang, Papua New Guinea

1992 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin R. Langer
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Shallow Water ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
New Genera ◽  
Low Oxygen ◽  
Shell Surface ◽  
Sedimentary Environments ◽  
Tropical Lagoon

Abstract. Two new genera and eight new species of benthic foraminifera are described from the shallow water, tropical lagoon of Madang, Papua New Guinea. The new hauerinid genus Pseudolachlanella is characterized by juvenile cryptoquinqueloculine, adult almost massiline arranged chambers, and a slitlike, curved aperture with parallel sides and a long, slender, curved miliolid tooth. Pitella haigi n. gen., n. sp. is a new foraminifera with cryptoquinqueloculine arranged chambers, an almost entirely pitted shell surface (pseudopores) and a rounded aperture with a short simple tooth. Among the other species described as new are four hauerinids and two agglutinated foraminifera All new species described here occur sporadically in the shallow water back- and forereef environments of the lagoon (0–55m), and live infaunally and epifaunally in well-oxygenated, fine and coarse grained biogenic sediments. They are absent in muddy, organic-rich, low-oxygen sedimentary environments within bay inlets where variations of salinity are considerable.

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