scholarly journals A study of fluid dynamics and human physiology factors driving droplet dispersion from a human sneeze

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (11) ◽  
pp. 111904
Author(s):  
D. Fontes ◽  
J. Reyes ◽  
K. Ahmed ◽  
M. Kinzel
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Human Physiology ◽  
Droplet Dispersion

Evaluation of the Effect of Droplet Collisions on Spray Mixing

1996 ◽  
Vol 210 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Gavaises ◽  
A Theodorakakos ◽  
G Bergeles ◽  
G Brenn
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Hollow Cone ◽  
Droplet Dispersion ◽  
Droplet Collisions ◽  
Liquid Spray ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics Cfd ◽  
Phase Doppler Anemometer

A spray model, implemented in a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code has been used to evaluate the effect of droplet collisions on spray mixing resulting from the overlapping of liquid spray cones produced by two parallel hollow-cone nozzles under the influence of a cross-flow. The computations are compared with experimental results from phase Doppler anemometer (PDA) measurements in mixing steady sprays. The results show that the droplet collisions, which mainly occur in the mixing area of the two different sprays, have great influence on the droplet size and, as a consequence, on the predicted droplet velocities, especially at distances far from the spray nozzles. Information about the collision mechanisms as well as about droplet velocities and droplet dispersion due to collisions is also presented.

scholarly journals Narrow Opening

2002 ◽  
Vol 124 (03) ◽  
pp. 58-59 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Ventilation System ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Droplet Dispersion ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Flow Problems ◽  
Visualization Software ◽  
Air Intake ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Narrow Opening

This article discusses about a requirement that aims to protect occupants from dangerous smoke concentrations and keep escape routes clear in a building that houses a restaurant in Zurich, Switzerland. It has to be ventilated with windows in the roof that open automatically in case of fire. For a substantial building, the difference between automated venting for one percent and two percent of a roof surface can represent tens of thousands of dollars. The AFC Air Flow Consulting hired by the restaurant uses computational fluid dynamics and visualization software to improve construction and product design before too much time or money is committed. The company has provided solutions for flow problems ranging from cold downdraft along facades to droplet dispersion. A field of growing interest for AFC is industrial engineering. The company optimizes the airflow to accommodate various parameters in technical parts, such as the airflow in a medical inhaler for homogeneous distribution of droplets, or the air intake device of a car ventilation system for water separation.

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