A Scientometric Review of Syntactic Complexity in L2 writing based on Web of Science (2010-2022)

As an important construct in the field of second language teaching and assessment, syntactic complexity is closely related to the language proficiency and language development process of L2 learners. Using the visualization software of CiteSpace, this study conducts an in-depth scientometric analysis of 140 articles on written syntactic complexity published over the past 10 years (2010-2022), thus uncovering the current development and challenges faced by relevant studies. Specifically, a frequency analysis was firstly administrated to describe the overall development in written syntactic complexity research. Furthermore, the current study conducted a Document Co-Citation Analysis (DCA), which enables researchers to conduct a network of co-cited references to identify the underlying research hotpots and future trends. The results indicate that the study concerning automatic essay scoring is the most prominent cluster active from 2010 to 2021. In addition, Norris & Ortega (2009) is the most cited paper, followed by Ortega (2003) and Biber et al. (2011). Meanwhile, the bursts of detected papers demonstrate that McNamara et al. (2012) and Grant & Ginther (2000) generated the strongest citation burst with a burst strength of 3.14 and 3.09, respectively. The findings of the study would have implications for subsequent research on written syntactic complexity in the field of language teaching and language learning.

Visual Analysis of Crop Rotation Fallow Patterns in Recent 5 Years Based on CiteSpace

Based on the "Web of Science Core Collection" (SCIE database), this article used the visualization software CiteSpace to visualize and analyze the crop rotation fallow patterns in the past five years. It analyzed the countries, institutions, keywords and hot topics of related literature to explore their research characteristics and development, and to provide reference for crop rotation fallow research and practice. The research shows that: 1) developed countries are the main research force in the field of crop rotation and fallowing, and the connection between the research of each country and each institution is not close; 2) research hotspots can be mainly summarized as: crop growth and yield, greenhouse gas emissions and soil health analysis, and the research in this field is constantly refined, combining macro and micro; 3) In recent years, there is a big gap between China and foreign countries in the field of crop rotation and fallow research. It is necessary to strengthen the cooperation with research institutions in developed countries in Europe and the United States, and to carry out crossregional and interdisciplinary research cooperation to improve the quality of papers and scientific research level.

Protocols for Generating Surfaces and Measuring 3D Organelle Morphology Using Amira

High-resolution 3D images of organelles are of paramount importance in cellular biology. Although light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have provided the standard for imaging cellular structures, they cannot provide 3D images. However, recent technological advances such as serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM) provide the tools to create 3D images for the ultrastructural analysis of organelles. Here, we describe a standardized protocol using the visualization software, Amira, to quantify organelle morphologies in 3D, thereby providing accurate and reproducible measurements of these cellular substructures. We demonstrate applications of SBF-SEM and Amira to quantify mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structures.

An atlas of protein turnover rates in mouse tissues

Protein turnover is critical to cellular physiology as well as to the growth and maintenance of tissues. The unique synthesis and degradation rates of each protein help to define tissue phenotype, and knowledge of tissue- and protein-specific half-lives is directly relevant to protein-related drug development as well as the administration of medical therapies. Using stable isotope labeling and mass spectrometry, we determine the in vivo turnover rates of thousands of proteins—including those of the extracellular matrix—in a set of biologically important mouse tissues. We additionally develop a data visualization platform, named ApplE Turnover, that enables facile searching for any protein of interest in a tissue of interest and then displays its half-life, confidence interval, and supporting measurements. This extensive dataset and the corresponding visualization software provide a reference to guide future studies of mammalian protein turnover in response to physiologic perturbation, disease, or therapeutic intervention.

Understanding the Microstructure of Mortars for Cultural Heritage Using X-ray CT and MIP

In this study, the microstructure of mock-up mortar specimens for a historic environment, composed of different mixtures, was studied using mercury intrusion porosity (MIP) and microcomputed tomography (µCT), highlighting the advantages and drawbacks of both techniques. Porosity, sphericity, and pores size distribution were studied, evaluating changes according to mortar composition (aerial and hydraulic binders, quartz sand, and crushed limestone aggregate). The µCT results were rendered using 3D visualization software, which provides complementary information for the interpretation of the data obtained using 3D data-analysis software. Moreover, µCT contributes to the interpretation of MIP results of mortars. On the other hand, MIP showed significant ink-bottle effects in lime and cement mortars samples that should be taken into account when interpreting the results. Moreover, the MIP results highlighted how gypsum mortar samples display a porosity distribution that is best studied using this technique. This multi-analytical approach provides important insights into the interpretation of the porosimetric data obtained. This is crucial in the characterization of mortars and provides key information for the study of building materials and cultural heritage conservation.

Summary and Evaluation of the Application of Knowledge Graphs in Education 2007–2020

Since 2007, knowledge graphs, an important research tool, have been applied to education and many other disciplines. This paper firstly overviews the application of knowledge graphs in education and then samples the knowledge graph applications in CSSCI- (Chinese Social Sciences Citation Index-) indexed journals in the past two years. These samples were classified and analyzed in terms of research institute, data source, visualization software, and analysis perspective. Next, the situation of knowledge graph applications in education was summarized and evaluated in detail. Furthermore, the authors discussed and assessed the normalization of knowledge graph applications in education. The results show that in the past 15 years, knowledge graphs have been widely used in education. The academia has reached a consensus on the paradigm of the research tool: examining the hotspots, topics, and trends in the related fields from the angles of keyword cooccurrence network (KCN), time zone map, clustering network, and literature/author cocitation, with the aid of CiteSpace and other visualization software and text analysis. However, there is not yet a thorough understanding of the limitations of the visualization software. The relevant research should be improved in terms of scientific level, normalization level, and quality.

Practices for Measuring 3D Organelle Morphology and Generating Surfaces with Amira

Analysis of 3D structures is of paramount importance in cellular biology. Although light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have remained staples for imaging cellular structures, they lack the ability to image in 3D. However, recent technological advances, such as serial block-face scanning electron microscopy (SBF-SEM) and focused ion beam scanning electron microscopy (FIB-SEM), have allowed researchers to observe cellular ultrastructure in 3D. Here, we propose a standardized protocol using the visualization software Amira to quantify organelle morphologies in 3D; this method allows researchers to produce accurate and reproducible measurements of cellular structure characteristics. We demonstrate this applicability by utilizing SBF-SEM and Amira to quantify mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) structures.

A Two-Dimensional Study of Block Onset Locations Using a One-Dimensional Index and GIS

Previous climatologies of blocking from this group using a one-dimensional index showed that in the Northern Hemisphere, blocking onsets primarily occurred in the Pacific Ocean region, the eastern Atlantic, and over continental Asia. In the Southern Hemisphere, the western and eastern Pacific are the two active regions for block onset. The development of technologies such as Geographic Information System (GIS) visualization software mean that ingesting data and then rendering it on a map has become easier and faster. This research group has previously not archived the latitude of onset, making a comparison of onset locations with 2-D indexes difficult. Now, the onset latitude is provided on the University of Missouri Blocking Archive. This work shows that the blocking onset regions are roughly consistent with those found by 2-D indexes, but there are some key differences based on the differences in the information presented. Here, block onset locations are slightly equatorward and upstream of those presented in 2-D indexes. Additionally, there are some differences in the onset locations for more persistent blocks and stronger blocks versus their less persistent and weaker counterparts.