Formation of an epithermal ion species in a quiescent negative-potential-regime operated EBT

1984 ◽  
Vol 27 (7) ◽  
pp. 1907
Author(s):  
C. S. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Negative Potential ◽  
Ion Species

Modification of Low ĸ Materials for ULSI Multilevel Interconnects by Ion Implantation

2002 ◽  
Vol 716 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alok Nandini ◽  
U. Roy ◽  
A. Mallikarjunan ◽  
A. Kumar ◽  
J. Fortin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Ion Implantation ◽  
Dielectric Materials ◽  
Dramatic Improvement ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Low Dielectric ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Hardness Increase ◽  
Xerogel Films ◽  
Ion Species

AbstractThin films of low dielectric constant (κ) materials such as Xerogel (ĸ=1.76) and SilkTM (ĸ=2.65) were implanted with argon, neon, nitrogen, carbon and helium with 2 x 1015 cm -2 and 1 x 1016 cm -2 dose at energies varying from 50 to 150 keV at room temperature. In this work we discuss the improvement of hardness as well as elasticity of low ĸ dielectric materials by ion implantation. Ultrasonic Force Microscopy (UFM) [6] and Nano indentation technique [5] have been used for qualitative and quantitative measurements respectively. The hardness increased with increasing ion energy and dose of implantation. For a given energy and dose, the hardness improvement varied with ion species. Dramatic improvement of hardness is seen for multi-dose implantation. Among all the implanted ion species (Helium, Carbon, Nitrogen, Neon and Argon), Argon implantation resulted in 5x hardness increase in Xerogel films, sacrificing only a slight increase (∼ 15%) in dielectric constant.

scholarly journals Benchmark of a new multi-ion-species collision operator for δf Monte Carlo neoclassical simulation

2020 ◽  
Vol 255 ◽  
pp. 107249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinsuke Satake ◽  
Motoki Nataka ◽  
Theerasarn Pianpanit ◽  
Hideo Sugama ◽  
Masanori Nunami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Monte Carlo ◽  
Collision Operator ◽  
Ion Species

scholarly journals Single-shot imaging of surface molecular ionization in nanosystems

Nanophotonics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenghao Sun ◽  
Hui Li ◽  
Shanshan Song ◽  
Fei Chen ◽  
Jiawei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Near Infrared ◽  
Strong Field ◽  
Imaging Technique ◽  
Near Field ◽  
Velocity Map Imaging ◽  
Single Shot ◽  
Surface Molecules ◽  
Nanoparticle Interactions ◽  
Field Response ◽  
Ion Species

Abstract Using single-shot velocity map imaging technique, explosion imaging of different ion species ejected from 50 nm SiO2 nanoparticles are obtained excitedly by strong near-infrared and ultraviolet femtosecond laser fields. Characteristic momentum distributions showing forward emission of the ions at low excitation intensities and shock wave behaviors at high intensities are observed. When the excitation intensity is close to the dissociative ionization threshold of the surface molecules, the resulting ion products can be used to image the instant near-field distributions. The underlying dynamics of shock formation are simulated by using a Coulomb explosion model. Our results allow one to distinguish the ultrafast strong-field response of various molecular species in nanosystems and will open a new way for further exploration of the underlying dynamics of laser-and-nanoparticle interactions.

The effects of electrolyte concentration, ion species and pH on the zeta potential and electrokinetic charge density of montmorillonite

Clay Minerals ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 853-861 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. E. Saka ◽  
C. Güler
Keyword(s):  
Zeta Potential ◽  
Charge Density ◽  
Negative Charge ◽  
Electrolyte Concentration ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Electrolyte Solutions ◽  
Ionic Species ◽  
Positive Sign ◽  
Ion Species ◽  
Influence Of Ph

AbstractIn this study, the influence of pH, electrolyte concentration and type of ionic species (such as LiCl, NaCl, KCl, RbCl, CsCl, CaCl2, AlCl3) on the electrokinetic properties (zeta potential and electrokinetic charge density) of montmorillonite has been quantified. The zeta potential of montmorillonite particles did not change significantly with change in pH. The valencies of the ions have proven to have a great influence on the electrokinetic behaviour of the suspension. There is a gradual decrease in the zeta potential (from —24 mV to —12 mV) with increase in monovalent electrolyte concentration (from 10-4 M to 10-1 M). At any monovalent electrolyte concentration, the magnitude of the zeta potential increased with the electrolytes in the order Li+ > Na+ > K+ > Rb+ > Cs+. The zeta potential of the montmorillonite minerals in CaCl2 solutions illustrated the same behaviour as the monovalent cations. Less negative values were obtained for the CaCl2 electrolyte (∼–10 mV) due to the greater valence of the ions. A sign reversal was observed at an AlCl3 concentration of 5 x 10-4 M, and, at greater concentrations, zeta potential values had a positive sign (∼20 mV).The electrokinetic charge density of montmorillonite showed similar trends of variation in mono and divalent electrolyte solutions. Up to concentrations of ∼10-3 M, it remained practically constant at ∼0.5 x 10-3Cm-2, while for greater electrolyte concentrations the negative charge produced more negative values (–16 x 10-3Cm-2). The electrokinetic charge density of montmorillonite particles was constant at low AlCl3 concentrations, but at certain concentrations it increased rapidly and changed sign to positive.

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