Study of cluster formation in low-temperature systems. Spectral manifestation of resonance dipole–dipole interactions between nondipole polyatomic molecules

2010 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 439-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Cherevatova ◽  
V. N. Bocharov ◽  
T. D. Kolomiitsova ◽  
D. N. Shchepkin ◽  
K. G. Tokhadze
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Polyatomic Molecules ◽  
Spectral Manifestation ◽  
Dipole Interactions

scholarly journals Enhancing Potential of Trimethylamine Oxide on Atmospheric Particle Formation

Atmosphere ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nanna Myllys ◽  
Tuomo Ponkkonen ◽  
Sabrina Chee ◽  
James Smith
Keyword(s):  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Particle Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Atmospheric Particle ◽  
Dipole Interactions ◽  
Trimethylamine Oxide ◽  
Quantum Chemical Methods ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Stable Clusters ◽  
Level Cluster

The role of an oxidation product of trimethylamine, trimethylamine oxide, in atmospheric particle formation is studied using quantum chemical methods and cluster formation simulations. Molecular-level cluster formation mechanisms are resolved, and theoretical results on particle formation are confirmed with mass spectrometer measurements. Trimethylamine oxide is capable of forming only one hydrogen bond with sulfuric acid, but unlike amines, trimethylamine oxide can form stable clusters via ion–dipole interactions. That is because of its zwitterionic structure, which causes a high dipole moment. Cluster growth occurs close to the acid:base ratio of 1:1, which is the same as for other monoprotic bases. Enhancement potential of trimethylamine oxide in particle formation is much higher than that of dimethylamine, but lower compared to guanidine. Therefore, at relatively low concentrations and high temperatures, guanidine and trimethylamine oxide may dominate particle formation events over amines.

scholarly journals Low Temperature Kinetics of the First Steps of Water Cluster Formation

2016 ◽  
Vol 116 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Bourgalais ◽  
V. Roussel ◽  
M. Capron ◽  
A. Benidar ◽  
A. W. Jasper ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Water Cluster ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Low Temperature Kinetics ◽  
Kinetics Of

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF CLUSTER STRUCTURES FORMED BY DIPOLE-DIPOLE INTERACTIONS

2001 ◽  
Vol 15 (06n07) ◽  
pp. 912-917
Author(s):  
HISAO MORIMOTO ◽  
TORU MAEKAWA
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Fractal Dimension ◽  
Magnetic Dipole Moment ◽  
Control Parameter ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fractal Dimensions ◽  
Dipole Interactions ◽  
High Fractal Dimension ◽  
Ferromagnetic Particles

We developed a statistical model of the cluster formation of ferromagnetic particles and analysed the cluster structures. We investigated the effect of the control parameter λ, that is, the ratio of magnetic dipole moment energy to thermal energy, and external magnetic fields on the fractal dimensions of three-dimensional ferromagnetic clusters. We found that the fractal dimension of clusters, D, changes from 5/3 to 2 as λ increases in the absence of a magnetic field. We also found that when clusters are subjected to a magnetic field, the fractal dimension decreases and the transition region from high fractal dimension to D=1 becomes shorter as λ increases.

Effect of isovalent doping with phosphorus on the cluster formation in gallium arsenide grown by molecular-beam epitaxy at a relatively low temperature

2006 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 758-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Boĭtsov ◽  
N. A. Bert ◽  
Yu. G. Musikhin ◽  
V. V. Chaldyshev ◽  
M. A. Yagovkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gallium Arsenide ◽  
Molecular Beam Epitaxy ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Molecular Beam ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Isovalent Doping

Induction of Reproductive Dormancy in Australian Monarch Butterflies Danaus plexippus (L.)

1983 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 491 ◽  
Author(s):  
DG James
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperature ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Ovarian Development ◽  
New South ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Danaus Plexippus ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Maximum Temperatures

Non-breeding cluster populations of Danaus plexippus (Danaidae) were monitored at five sites in the Sydney area of New South Wales for 5 years. Meteorological records showed that cluster formation was always preceded by periods of cool overcast weather, during which maximum temperatures remained below 18�C for at least 2 days. Field experiments were carried out to test the hypothesis that low post-eclosion temperatures cause reproductive dormancy in Australian D. plexippus. Butterflies were reared in the laboratory and on eclosion exposed to selected temperatures and photophases for 2-4 days before being tagged and released. Recapture data showed that high post-eclosion temperatures (19 or 28�C) inhibited long-distance flight and resulted in ovarian development, but low temperatures (15:6�C, 7:17 h) inhibited ovarian development and permitted long-distance flight. Intermediate temperatures (e.g. 15�C or 12�3�C continuously) gave mixed results. Photoperiod during or before the period of exposure to low temperature did not affect reproduction. The induction, maintenance and termination of reproductive dormancy in Australian D. plexippus are discussed.

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