Reaction-dispersive proton transport model for negative bias temperature instabilities

2005 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 093506 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Houssa ◽  
M. Aoulaiche ◽  
S. De Gendt ◽  
G. Groeseneken ◽  
M. M. Heyns ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Proton Transport ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Bias Temperature Instabilities

Negative bias temperature instabilities in HfSiO(N)-based MOSFETs: Electrical characterization and modeling

2007 ◽  
Vol 47 (6) ◽  
pp. 880-889 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Houssa ◽  
M. Aoulaiche ◽  
S. De Gendt ◽  
G. Groeseneken ◽  
M.M. Heyns
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Characterization ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Bias Temperature Instabilities

Negative Bias Temperature Instabilities in SiO[sub 2]/HfO[sub 2]-Based Hole Channel FETs

2004 ◽  
Vol 151 (12) ◽  
pp. F288 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Houssa ◽  
S. De Gendt ◽  
G. Groeseneken ◽  
M. M. Heyns
Keyword(s):  
Negative Bias ◽  
Bias Temperature Instabilities

Influence of various process steps on the reliability of PMOSFETs submitted to negative bias temperature instabilities

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (9-11) ◽  
pp. 1008-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christelle Bénard ◽  
Gaëtan Math ◽  
Pascal Fornara ◽  
Jean-Luc Ogier ◽  
Didier Goguenheim
Keyword(s):  
Negative Bias ◽  
Bias Temperature Instabilities

scholarly journals Proton transport model in the ionosphere. 2. Influence of magnetic mirroring and collisions on the angular redistribution in a proton beam

1998 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1308-1321 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Galand ◽  
J. Lilensten ◽  
W. Kofman ◽  
D. Lummerzheim
Keyword(s):  
Proton Transport ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Red Shift ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Transport Code ◽  
Angular Scattering ◽  
Hydrogen Beam ◽  
Bandwidth Broadening ◽  
Upward Flux ◽  
Magnetic Zenith

Abstract. We investigate the influence of magnetic mirroring and elastic and inelastic scattering on the angular redistribution in a proton/hydrogen beam by using a transport code in comparison with observations. H-emission Doppler profiles viewed in the magnetic zenith exhibit a red-shifted component which is indicative of upward fluxes. In order to determine the origin of this red shift, we evaluate the influence of two angular redistribution sources which are included in our proton/hydrogen transport model. Even though it generates an upward flux, the redistribution due to magnetic mirroring effect is not sufficient to explain the red shift. On the other hand, the collisional angular scattering induces a much more significant red shift in the lower atmosphere. The red shift due to collisions is produced  by <1 -keV protons and is so small as to require an instrumental bandwidth <0.2 nm. This explains the absence of measured upward proton/hydrogen fluxes in the Proton I rocket data because no useable data concerning protons <1 keV are available. At the same time, our model agrees with measured ground-based H-emission Doppler profiles and suggests that previously reported red shift observations were due mostly to instrumental bandwidth broadening of the profile. Our results suggest that Doppler profile measurements with higher spectral resolution may enable us to quantify better the angular scattering in proton aurora.Key words. Auroral ionosphere · Particle precipitation

scholarly journals What drives the observed variability of HCN in the troposphere and lower stratosphere?

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (21) ◽  
pp. 8531-8543 ◽  
Author(s):  
Q. Li ◽  
P. I. Palmer ◽  
H. C. Pumphrey ◽  
P. Bernath ◽  
E. Mahieu
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Lower Stratosphere ◽  
Transport Model ◽  
Atmospheric Transport ◽  
Negative Bias ◽  
Mixing Ratio ◽  
Chemistry Transport Model ◽  
Annual Variations ◽  
Surface Emission ◽  
Chemistry Experiment

Abstract. We use the GEOS-Chem global 3-D chemistry transport model to investigate the relative importance of chemical and physical processes that determine observed variability of hydrogen cyanide (HCN) in the troposphere and lower stratosphere. Consequently, we reconcile ground-based FTIR column measurements of HCN, which show annual and semi-annual variations, with recent space-borne measurements of HCN mixing ratio in the tropical lower stratosphere, which show a large two-year variation. We find that the observed column variability over the ground-based stations is determined by a superposition of HCN from several regional burning sources, with GEOS-Chem reproducing these column data with a positive bias of 5%. GEOS-Chem reproduces the observed HCN mixing ratio from the Microwave Limb Sounder and the Atmospheric Chemistry Experiment satellite instruments with a mean negative bias of 20%, and the observed HCN variability with a mean negative bias of 7%. We show that tropical biomass burning emissions explain most of the observed HCN variations in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere (UTLS), with the remainder due to atmospheric transport and HCN chemistry. In the mid and upper stratosphere, atmospheric dynamics progressively exerts more influence on HCN variations. The extent of temporal overlap between African and other continental burning seasons is key in establishing the apparent bienniel cycle in the UTLS. Similar analysis of other, shorter-lived trace gases have not observed the transition between annual and bienniel cycles in the UTLS probably because the signal of inter-annual variations from surface emission has been diluted before arriving at the lower stratosphere (LS), due to shorter atmospheric lifetimes.

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