On the Signal‐to‐Noise Ratio for Optical Heterodyne Detection

1972 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 2480-2481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. Teich ◽  
R. Y. Yen
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Heterodyne Detection ◽  
Optical Heterodyne ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Heterodyne Detection

Comparison between the theoretical and experimental signal-to-noise ratio in optical heterodyne detection

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicusor Iftimia ◽  
Marek Strzelec ◽  
Ioan Spanulescu ◽  
Simion Ersen ◽  
Vasile D. Babin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Heterodyne Detection ◽  
Optical Heterodyne ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Heterodyne Detection

Télémètre à détection coherente avec un laser CO2 à ondes entretenues : étude et conception

1983 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Denis Vincent ◽  
Gabriel Otis
Keyword(s):  
Detection System ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Optical Power ◽  
Experimental System ◽  
Intermediate Frequency ◽  
Local Oscillator ◽  
Heterodyne Detection ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Noise Ratio ◽  
Rotating Target

We performed a theoretical and experimental study of a 10.6 μm heterodyne detection system with nonlinear postdetection. A single laser serves as both transmitter and local oscillator; the intermediate frequency is given by the Doppler effect due to a rotating target. An electrooptic crystal modulates the amplitude of the laser beam at a frequency of 15 kHz; a synchronous voltmeter measures the return signal after the nonlinear element. Values of the signal-to-noise ratio with respect to incident optical power agree with the results of the theoretical model. In particular, experimentally measured target-induced frequency spreading effects on the signal-to-noise ratio correspond to the predictions of the model. We also describe an experimental system.

Determination of the Best Emulsion for the Microscopy of Crystals

1981 ◽  
Vol 39 ◽  
pp. 32-33
Author(s):  
David A. Grano ◽  
Kenneth H. Downing
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Frequency ◽  
Information Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise Ratio ◽  
Experimental Situation ◽  
Photographic Emulsion ◽  
Modulation Transfer ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Frequency Space ◽  
Noise Ratio

The retrieval of high-resolution information from images of biological crystals depends, in part, on the use of the correct photographic emulsion. We have been investigating the information transfer properties of twelve emulsions with a view toward 1) characterizing the emulsions by a few, measurable quantities, and 2) identifying the “best” emulsion of those we have studied for use in any given experimental situation. Because our interests lie in the examination of crystalline specimens, we've chosen to evaluate an emulsion's signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) as a function of spatial frequency and use this as our critereon for determining the best emulsion.The signal-to-noise ratio in frequency space depends on several factors. First, the signal depends on the speed of the emulsion and its modulation transfer function (MTF). By procedures outlined in, MTF's have been found for all the emulsions tested and can be fit by an analytic expression 1/(1+(S/S0)2). Figure 1 shows the experimental data and fitted curve for an emulsion with a better than average MTF. A single parameter, the spatial frequency at which the transfer falls to 50% (S0), characterizes this curve.

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