An efficient method for simultaneous measurement of the integrated reflectivity of crystals in multiple orders of reflection using the bremsstrahlung continuum from an x-ray tube and comparison of experimental results for mica with theoretical calculations

2003 ◽  
Vol 74 (12) ◽  
pp. 5046-5052 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. G. Lee ◽  
J. G. Bak ◽  
Y. S. Jung ◽  
M. Bitter ◽  
K. W. Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Efficient Method ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multiple Orders

scholarly journals Low noise low power readout circuit for soft X ray detection

2003 ◽  
Vol 1 (03) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cerdeira-Estrada ◽  
A. De Luca ◽  
A. Cuttin ◽  
R. Mutihac
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Low Power ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Silicon Detector ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Readout Circuit ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Power Cmos

A new low power CMOS ASIC for the detection of X-rays was optimized for low power and low noise. Theoretical calculations and optimizations are presented and compared with experimental results. Noise as low as 120+25*Cin [pF] ENC rms was obtained including a silicon detector of 1.3 pF and 0.3nA of leakage. The power consumption is less than 100 W. Other circuit parameters are also shown.

Tuning the ambipolar charge transport properties of tricyanovinyl-substituted carbazole-based materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 6721-6730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Reig ◽  
Gintautas Bagdziunas ◽  
Dmytro Volyniuk ◽  
Juozas V. Grazulevicius ◽  
Dolores Velasco
Keyword(s):  
Charge Transport ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Single Crystals ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Supramolecular Organization ◽  
X Ray

The ambipolar charge transport properties of a series of push–pull carbazole-based semiconductors are here evaluated. The ambipolar characteristics depend on the supramolecular organization. Experimental results were confirmed and justified through the X-ray analysis of single crystals and by theoretical calculations.

X-Ray Attenuation Coefficients for Copper in the Energy Range 5 to 50 ke V

1982 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 451-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Gerward
Keyword(s):  
Energy Range ◽  
High Precision ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Energy Dispersive ◽  
Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Mass Attenuation Coefficients ◽  
Mass Attenuation

X-ray mass attenuation coefficients for polycrystalline samples of copper have been measured with a high-precision energy-dispersive method. Estimates of the scattering contributions to the attenuation coefficients are made. The photoelectric coefficients deduced from the experimental results are compared with theoretical calculations using screened hydrogen-like eigenfunctions as well as more rigorous relativistic wavefunctions.

SURFACE AND INTERFACE STRAINS REVEALED BY X-RAY DIFFRACTION

1999 ◽  
Vol 06 (06) ◽  
pp. 963-966 ◽  
Author(s):  
KOICHI AKIMOTO ◽  
TAKASHI EMOTO ◽  
YUYA ISHIKAWA ◽  
AYAHIKO ICHIMIYA
Keyword(s):  
Silicon Substrate ◽  
Strain Field ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Incident Angle ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Lattice Expansion ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Strain Fields ◽  
X Ray

We measured strain fields near semiconductor surface by X-ray diffraction. The diffraction geometry was using the extremely asymmetric Bragg-case bulk reflection of a small incident angle to the surface and a large angle exiting from the surface. The incident angle of the X-rays was set near critical angle of total reflection by tuning X-ray energy of synchrotron radiation. The X-ray intensity of the silicon substrate 311 reflection was measured to study a Si(111) surface in the ultrahigh vacuum chamber. A clean Si (111)-(7 × 7) surface was found to give a sharper X-ray diffraction peak than that of the native oxide/Si(111) system. By comparison of experimental results and theoretical calculations, it was concluded that the thin silicon oxide film itself gives strong strain fields to the silicon substrates of lattice expansion toward the [311] direction. The strain fields at the Al- and Ag- induced [Formula: see text] surface reconstruction on the Si(111) substrate were also measured. By comparison of experimental results and theoretical calculations, Al-induced reconstruction was suggested to give a strain field to the silicon substrate of lattice expansion toward the [311] direction, whereas Ag-induced reconstruction was suggested to give a strain field to the silicon substrate of lattice compression toward the [311] direction.

Diagnostics of Gold Laser Plasmas

1988 ◽  
Vol 102 ◽  
pp. 357-360
Author(s):  
J.C. Gauthier ◽  
J.P. Geindre ◽  
P. Monier ◽  
C. Chenais-Popovics ◽  
N. Tragin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Results ◽  
Pure Gold ◽  
Electronic Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Laser Plasmas ◽  
Collisional Radiative Model ◽  
Radiative Model

AbstractIn order to achieve a nickel-like X ray laser scheme we need a tool to determine the parameters which characterise the high-Z plasma. The aim of this work is to study gold laser plasmas and to compare experimental results to a collisional-radiative model which describes nickel-like ions. The electronic temperature and density are measured by the emission of an aluminium tracer. They are compared to the predictions of the nickel-like model for pure gold. The results show that the density and temperature can be estimated in a pure gold plasma.

One-pot Synthesis of Pyrazolone Sulfones by Iodine-catalyzed Sulfenylation of Pyrazolones with Aryl Sulfonyl Hydrazides Followed by Oxidation in Water

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-387
Author(s):  
Xia Zhao ◽  
Xiaoyu Lu ◽  
Lipeng Zhang ◽  
Tianjiao Li ◽  
Kui Lu
Keyword(s):  
Double Bond ◽  
Efficient Method ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Sulfonyl Chloride ◽  
Antibacterial Activities ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
One Pot ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Amide Form

Aim and Objective: Pyrazolone sulfones have been reported to exhibit herbicidal and antibacterial activities. In spite of their good bioactivities, only a few methods have been developed to prepare pyrazolone sulfones. However, the substrate scope of these methods is limited. Moreover, the direct sulfonylation of pyrazolone by aryl sulfonyl chloride failed to give pyrazolone sulfones. Thus, developing a more efficient method to synthesize pyrazolone sulfones is very important. Materials and Method: Pyrazolone, aryl sulphonyl hydrazide, iodine, p-toluenesulphonic acid and water were mixed in a sealed tube, which was heated to 100°C for 12 hours. The mixture was cooled to 0°C and m-CPBA was added in batches. The mixture was allowed to stir for 30 min at room temperature. The crude product was purified by silica gel column chromatography to afford sulfuryl pyrazolone. Results: In all cases, the sulfenylation products were formed smoothly under the optimized reaction conditions, and were then oxidized to the corresponding sulfones in good yields by 3-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m-CPBA) in water. Single crystal X-ray analysis of pyrazolone sulfone 4aa showed that the major tautomer of pyrazolone sulfones was the amide form instead of the enol form observed for pyrazolone thioethers. Moreover, the C=N double bond isomerized to form an α,β-unsaturated C=C double bond. Conclusion: An efficient method to synthesize pyrazolone thioethers by iodine-catalyzed sulfenylation of pyrazolones with aryl sulfonyl hydrazides in water was developed. Moreover, this method was employed to synthesize pyrazolone sulfones in one-pot by subsequent sulfenylation and oxidation reactions.

The X-Ray Molecular Structure of 1-(2′,4′-Dinitrophenyl)-1,2,3-triazole and the Problem of the Orthogonal Interaction Between a 'Pyridine-Like' Nitrogen and a Nitro Group

2005 ◽  
Vol 58 (11) ◽  
pp. 817 ◽  
Author(s):  
Glenn P. A. Yap ◽  
Fernando A. Jové ◽  
Rosa M. Claramunt ◽  
Dionisia Sanz ◽  
Ibon Alkorta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Structure ◽  
Nitro Group ◽  
Title Compound ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
X Ray

The structure of the title compound serves for a discussion about the topic of orthogonal interactions. This interaction, although weak, is important due to its peculiar geometry. Other examples from the Cambridge Crystallographic Database, together with theoretical calculations are reported.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity, Crystal Structure, DFT Studies and Molecular Docking of 3-Amino-1-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile

Crystals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Menna El Gaafary ◽  
Tatiana Syrovets ◽  
Hany M. Mohamed ◽  
Ahmed A. Elhenawy ◽  
Ahmed M. El-Agrody ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Cell Lines ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Dna Methyltransferase ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Theoretical Calculations ◽  
Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
X Ray

The target compound 3-amino-1-(2,5-d ichlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1H-benzo[f]-chromene-2-carbonitrile (4) was synthesized via a reaction of 6-methoxynaphthalen-2-ol (1), 2,5-dichlorobenzaldehyde (2), and malononitrile (3) in ethanolic piperidine solution under microwave irradiation. The newly synthesized β-enaminonitrile was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction data. Its cytotoxic activity was evaluated against three different human cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, A549, and MIA PaCa-2 in comparison to the positive controls etoposide and camptothecin employing the XTT cell viability assay. The analysis of the Hirshfeld surface was utilized to visualize the reliability of the crystal package. The obtained results confirmed that the tested molecule revealed promising cytotoxic activities against the three cancer cell lines. Furthermore, theoretical calculations (DFT) were carried out with the Becke3-Lee-Yang-parr (B3LYP) level using 6-311++G(d,p) basis. The optimization geometry for molecular structures was in agreement with the X-ray structure data. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the studied system was discussed. The intermolecular-interactions were studied through analysis of the topological-electron-density(r) using the QTAIM and NCI methods. The novel compound exhibited favorable ADMET properties and its molecular modeling analysis showed strong interaction with DNA methyltransferase 1.

Annular superconducting tunnel junction detectors: Experimental results under X-ray illumination

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Frunzio ◽  
I. V. Vernik ◽  
L. Li ◽  
M. P. Lisitskii ◽  
C. Nappi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tunnel Junction ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Superconducting Tunnel Junction ◽  
X Ray

K shell X-ray intensity ratios, K-Li, K-L, and K-M vacancy transfer probabilities of Ba and Tl following internal conversion process

2014 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 1489-1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.V. Sreevidya ◽  
S.B. Gudennavar ◽  
Daisy Joseph ◽  
S.G. Bubbly
Keyword(s):  
Beta Decay ◽  
Internal Conversion ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Conversion Process ◽  
X Rays ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Multichannel Analyser ◽  
Intensity Ratios

K shell X-rays of barium and thallium following internal conversion decay in Cs137 and Hg203, respectively, were detected using a Si(Li) X-ray detector coupled to PC-based 8k multichannel analyser employing the method suggested earlier by our group. The K shell X-ray intensity ratios and vacancy transfer probabilities for thallium and barium were calculated. The obtained results are compared with theoretical, semiempirical, and others’ experimental results obtained via photoionization as well as decay processes. The effects of beta decay and internal conversion on X-ray emission probabilities are discussed.

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