Comparison of Critical Swimming Velocity and Velocity at Lactate Threshold in Elite Triathletes

2000 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
pp. 366-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Martin ◽  
Whyte
Keyword(s):  
Lactate Threshold ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Critical Swimming Velocity

Does critical swimming velocity represent exercise intensity at maximal lactate steady state?

1993 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohji Wakayoshi ◽  
Takayoshi Yoshida ◽  
Masao Udo ◽  
Takashi Harada ◽  
Toshio Moritani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Maximal Lactate Steady State ◽  
Critical Swimming Velocity

Effects of Environmental Factors on Exercise in Fish

1991 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID RANDALL ◽  
COLIN BRAUNER
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Muscle Contractility ◽  
Oxygen Transport Capacity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Critical Swimming Velocity ◽  
Short And Long Term

The critical swimming velocity of fish is affected by environmental conditions and the highest swimming speed is obtained only under specific circumstances. The mechanisms causing a reduction in exercise capacity depend on the type of environmental change. Acid waters exert an effect by reducing oxygen transport capacity, whereas reduced temperatures act largely on muscle contractility. Alkaline conditions and salinity change may affect both gas transport and muscle contractility. A fish must operate over a wide range of internal and external conditions and must possess both short- and long-term mechanisms to maintain function under a wide variety of conditions. These mechanisms may be part of the immediate reflex arsenal available to the fish (for example, catecholamine release) or they may be mechanisms induced during acclimation. The nature of the acclimation process is an indication of what may be limiting exercise under a particular set of circumstances. The concept of symmorphosis, especially when applied to ectotherms, needs to be viewed in a broader context. A symmetry of component parts may exist such that structures are designed to satisfy functional requirements for operation over a wide range of conditions, rather than optimally for a given set of conditions. This must involve compromises in design, especially for ectotherms such as fish. Thus, the more variable the conditions under which a system must operate, the less apparent it will be that symmorphosis exists between the component parts.

Effect of Short-Duration Seawater Exposure on Plasma Ion Concentrations and Swimming Performance in Coho Salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) Parr

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (11) ◽  
pp. 2399-2405 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Brauner ◽  
J. M. Shrimpton ◽  
D. J. Randall
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Coho Salmon ◽  
Swimming Performance ◽  
Oncorhynchus Kisutch ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Ion Concentrations ◽  
Critical Swimming Velocity ◽  
Seawater Challenge

The effect of seawater (sw) on plasma ion concentrations and critical swimming velocity (Ucrit) was investigated in hatchery-reared coho salmon (Oncorhynchus kisutch) parr exposed to one of four treatments: 24 h of seawater exposure (SW1), 5–7 d of seawater (SW5), 24 h in seawater followed by 24 h in fresh water (SW-FW), and a freshwater control (FWC). Only the SW1 fish demonstrated a reduced Ucrit and, at rest, elevated plasma [Na+], [Cl−], and [SO42−]. With exercise, SW1 fish were characterized by an increase in plasma ion concentrations and a decrease in both hematocrit (Hct) and muscle moisture content. There is a strong relationship between plasma [Na+] at rest and Ucrit, where an optimal swimming velocity is obtained in animals with resting levels of approximately 147 mEq∙L−1. Traditionally, the 24-h seawater challenge is used to test the hypoosmoregulatory ability in smolting salmonids, however, our data suggest that it may also predict the aerobic swimming potential of salmonids following seawater transfer. We suggest that the reduction in Hct and increase in plasma [Na+] result in reduced oxygen delivery to the muscle and that decrease in muscle moisture content impairs the contractile process.

Evaluation of critical swimming velocity in young amateur swimmers

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Author(s):  
Carlo Minganti ◽  
Sabrina Demarie ◽  
Stefania Comotto ◽  
Romain Meeusen ◽  
Maria Francesca Piacentini
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Critical Swimming Velocity

Determination and validity of critical swimming velocity in elite physically disabled swimmers

2006 ◽  
Vol 28 (24) ◽  
pp. 1551-1556 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuria Garatachea ◽  
Olaia Abadía ◽  
Francisco J. García-Isla ◽  
Francisco J. Sarasa ◽  
Guilherme Bresciani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Physically Disabled ◽  
Critical Swimming Velocity
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