Determination of critical swimming velocity for long distance swimmer and sprint swimmer

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
Yuki Funai ◽  
Kaoru Kitagawa
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Critical Swimming Velocity

scholarly journals Implication of the Structure of the Helicobacter pylori cag Pathogenicity Island in Induction of Interleukin-8 Secretion

2001 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 1625-1629 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Audibert ◽  
C. Burucoa ◽  
B. Janvier ◽  
J. L. Fauchère
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Blot Hybridization ◽  
Pathogenicity Island ◽  
Interleukin 8 ◽  
Middle Region ◽  
Dot Blot ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
H Pylori

ABSTRACT Helicobacter pylori virulence is associated with the presence of the cag pathogenicity island (PAI). Thecag PAI is involved in the ability to induce interleukin-8 (IL-8) secretion by human cells, which is implicated in the inflammatory response of the gastric mucosa to H. pyloriinfection. The aim of this study was to determine whether the genetic structure of the cag PAI is conserved and whether it is linked to IL-8 induction ability. Detection of specific markers (cagA, picB, cag13-cag14, virD4, and IS605) by PCR and dot blot hybridization and long-distance PCR determination of the presence of cagI, cagII, and the middle region of thecag PAI were performed on 153 strains isolated from adults suffering from ulcers (n = 79) or gastritis (n = 74). IL-8 induction ability was evaluated by coculture of the strains with HEp-2 cells. Eighty-three strains (54.3%) had an entire cag PAI, 12 strains (7.8%) had thecag PAI split in two, 49 strains (32%) had nocag PAI, and 9 strains exhibited other structural combinations. The presence of an entire cag PAI was statistically correlated with the presence of IS605(P = 0.006) and the ability to induce IL-8 secretion but not with clinical presentation of the infection. The structure of the cag PAI appears to be rather conserved and is related to the proinflammatory power of a strain. The existence of strains inducing IL-8 secretion regardless of the cag PAI structure suggests that this region is not the only requirement for IL-8 secretion.

Does critical swimming velocity represent exercise intensity at maximal lactate steady state?

1993 ◽  
Vol 66 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohji Wakayoshi ◽  
Takayoshi Yoshida ◽  
Masao Udo ◽  
Takashi Harada ◽  
Toshio Moritani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Exercise Intensity ◽  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Maximal Lactate Steady State ◽  
Critical Swimming Velocity

scholarly journals Assessment of long distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2) by estimating the drug atenolol with ammonium molybdate via continuous flow injection analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 0078
Author(s):  
Elham N. Mezaal N. Mezaal
Keyword(s):  
Flow Injection ◽  
Flow Injection Analysis ◽  
Continuous Flow ◽  
Classical Method ◽  
Standard Addition ◽  
Calibration Graph ◽  
Ammonium Molybdate ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Optimum Parameters

     Atenolol was used with ammonium molybdate to prove the efficiency, reliability and repeatability of the long distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2) using continuous flow injection analysis. The method is based on reaction between atenolol and ammonium molybdate in an aqueous medium to obtain a dark brown precipitate. Optimum parameters was studied to increase the sensitivity for developed method. A linear range for calibration graph was 0.1-3.5 mmol/L for cell A and 0.3-3.5 mmol/L for cell B, and LOD 133.1680 ng/100 µL and 532.6720 ng/100 µL for cell A and cell B respectively with correlation coefficient (r) 0.9910 for cell A and 0.9901 for cell B, RSD% was lower than 1%, (n=8) for the determination of atenolol at concentration (0.5, 0.7 and 5) mmol/L respectively. The results were compared with classical method UV-Spectrophotometric at λ max=270 nm using the standard addition method via the use of t-test, at 95% confidence level. The comparison of data explain that long distance chasing photometer (NAG-ADF-300-2) is the choice with excellent extended detection and wide application.                                                                                                       

scholarly journals Research on how to Implement the Systematic Cadastre within Medias Municipality, Sibiu County

2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Sergiu Bogdan POP ◽  
Nicolae POP ◽  
Marius MILUȚ ◽  
Gabriel BĂDESCU
Keyword(s):  
National Level ◽  
Field Work ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Support Network ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Distance Method ◽  
The Real Estate ◽  
Territorial Unit

The paper aims to conduct a research, in order to analyze how to systematically register properties in the integrated system of cadastre and land book of buildings on the territory of three cadastral sectors belonging to the administrative-territorial unit Mediaș, Sibiu County. The objective of the work is represented by the accomplishment of the systematic cadastral works in the analyzed area. The instrument used to carry out the geodetic and topographic works necessary to carry out this project is the Leica TC (R) 407 total station, which is part of the TPS400 range. The verification of the support network was performed both from a planimetric point of view using the conditional measurements method and altimetrically using the trigonometrical leveling at long distance method. Two new points were included, the compensation of their coordinates was made using the indirect measurements method. In the present paper, the real estate fund cadastre was made, the evidence and the systematic inventory were made, from a quantitative, qualitative and legal point of view of the 56 buildings from the 3 cadastral sectors afferent to the studied administrative-territorial unit. Following the work, it is found that the method of registration in the Land Book through the Systematic Cadastre is an efficient solution and an alternative to the Sporadic Cadastre addressed at national level that facilitates field work, time and allows the determination of land areas in cadastral sectors. with better accuracy.

Effects of Environmental Factors on Exercise in Fish

1991 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
DAVID RANDALL ◽  
COLIN BRAUNER
Keyword(s):  
Swimming Velocity ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Muscle Contractility ◽  
Oxygen Transport Capacity ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
External Conditions ◽  
Critical Swimming Velocity ◽  
Short And Long Term

The critical swimming velocity of fish is affected by environmental conditions and the highest swimming speed is obtained only under specific circumstances. The mechanisms causing a reduction in exercise capacity depend on the type of environmental change. Acid waters exert an effect by reducing oxygen transport capacity, whereas reduced temperatures act largely on muscle contractility. Alkaline conditions and salinity change may affect both gas transport and muscle contractility. A fish must operate over a wide range of internal and external conditions and must possess both short- and long-term mechanisms to maintain function under a wide variety of conditions. These mechanisms may be part of the immediate reflex arsenal available to the fish (for example, catecholamine release) or they may be mechanisms induced during acclimation. The nature of the acclimation process is an indication of what may be limiting exercise under a particular set of circumstances. The concept of symmorphosis, especially when applied to ectotherms, needs to be viewed in a broader context. A symmetry of component parts may exist such that structures are designed to satisfy functional requirements for operation over a wide range of conditions, rather than optimally for a given set of conditions. This must involve compromises in design, especially for ectotherms such as fish. Thus, the more variable the conditions under which a system must operate, the less apparent it will be that symmorphosis exists between the component parts.

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