scholarly journals Evaluation of pollen dispersal and cross pollination using transgenic grapevine plants

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margit Harst ◽  
Beatrix-Axinja Cobanov ◽  
Ludger Hausmann ◽  
Rudolf Eibach ◽  
Reinhard Töpfer
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Transgenic Grapevine

scholarly journals A Novel Method to Quantify Transport of Self- and Cross-pollen by Bees in Blueberry Plantings

HortScience ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 2002-2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patricio A. Brevis ◽  
D. Scott NeSmith ◽  
Lynne Seymour ◽  
Dorothy B. Hausman
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Consistent Difference ◽  
Vaccinium Ashei ◽  
Frequency Distributions ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Berry Size ◽  
Pollen Mixture ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Ripening Rate ◽  
Pollen Diameter

Blueberry species (Vaccinium section Cyanococcus) benefit from cross-pollination. Outcrossing increases fruit set, berry size, and ripening rate. Although knowledge of pollen dispersal is essential for maximizing cross-pollination and achieving optimal planting designs, this process has not been quantified previously in blueberry plantings. A novel method was developed to estimate the proportion of self- and cross-pollen transported by blueberry pollinators. The proposed technique requires a consistent difference in pollen size between two cultivars to predict the composition of a pollen mixture based on frequency distributions of pollen diameter. Vaccinium ashei Reade `Brightwell' and `Climax' were chosen for this study because they produce pollen tetrads of different size. Tetrad diameter and number were analyzed with a particle counter. The technique was validated by predicting the proportion of `Brightwell' in pollen mixtures where the cultivar composition was known, and predicted and actual values were linearly correlated (r = 0.995, P < 0.0001). The technique was then applied to pollen samples extracted from the bodies of pollinators that were collected in a mixed `Brightwell' and `Climax' blueberry plot. Numbers of blueberry tetrads extracted per bumblebee (Bombus spp.) averaged 4595 and 797 in 2003 and 2004, respectively, which was considered adequate to make accurate predictions based on frequency distributions of tetrad diameter. The proportion of `Brightwell' pollen carried by bumblebees changed with the phenology of the crop following an expected pattern, indicating that the method performed well under field conditions. This technique could potentially be used to quantify the likelihood for outcrossing and establish the effect of cultivar arrangements on pollen dispersion, as well as to examine pollen collection and manipulation, and cultivar preference by bees.

Spatially explicit modelling of transgenic maize pollen dispersal and cross-pollination

2003 ◽  
Vol 225 (2) ◽  
pp. 241-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christine Loos ◽  
Ralf Seppelt ◽  
Sara Meier-Bethke ◽  
Joachim Schiemann ◽  
Otto Richter
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Transgenic Maize ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Maize Pollen ◽  
Cross Pollination

scholarly journals Doing the twist: a test of Darwin's cross-pollination hypothesis for pollinarium reconfiguration

2005 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig I Peter ◽  
Steven D Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Inbreeding Depression ◽  
Mating Success ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Strong Support ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Strong Positive Relationship ◽  
Mating Opportunities

Mating success in plants depends largely on the efficiency of pollen dispersal. For hermaphrodite plants, self-pollination, either within or among flowers, can reduce mating opportunities because of pollen and ovule discounting and inbreeding depression. Self-pollination may be particularly detrimental in plants such as orchids and asclepiads that package each flower's pollen into one or more pollinia which, together with accessory structures, comprise a pollinarium. Darwin proposed that physical reconfiguration of pollinaria serves as a mechanism for reducing the likelihood of self-pollination. To be effective, the time taken for pollinarium reconfiguration would need to exceed that spent by a pollinator on a plant. We investigated pollinarium reconfiguration (including pollinarium bending, pollinium shrinking and anther cap retention) in 19 species and found a strong positive relationship between reconfiguration time and the duration of pollinator visits. Reconfiguration times were also consistently longer than pollinator visit times. These results provide strong support for Darwin's idea that this mechanism promotes cross-pollination.

Estimation of effective pollen dispersal distance for cross-pollination in chestnut orchards by microsatellite-based paternity analyses

2019 ◽  
Vol 250 ◽  
pp. 89-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sogo Nishio ◽  
Norio Takada ◽  
Shingo Terakami ◽  
Hidenori Kato ◽  
Hiromichi Inoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Cross Pollination

scholarly journals Long Distance Pollen Flow in Mandarin Orchards Determined by AFLP Markers—Implications for Seedless Mandarin Production

2005 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chih-Cheng T. Chao ◽  
Jinggui Fang ◽  
Pachanoor S. Devanand
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Distance ◽  
Aflp Markers ◽  
Pollen Flow ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Citrus Orchard ◽  
Citrus Clementina ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Compatible Pollen ◽  
Solid Block

Production of seedless mandarins such as `Nules' clementine mandarin (Citrus clementina Hort. Ex Tan.) and `Afourer' mandarin [C. sinensis (L.) Osbeck × C. reticulata Blanco] is increasing in California as consumers' interest in seedless, easy peeling, and good tasting mandarins increases. The fruit would produce seeds if cross-pollination with compatible pollen source occurred. It is almost impossible to prevent cross-pollination between compatible mandarin cultivars by honeybees (Apis mellifera L.) within the multi-faceted agricultural environment in California. To produce seedless mandarin, growers either plant a single cultivar in a large solid block or try to use pollen-sterile navel oranges (C. sinensis) or satsuma mandarins (C. unshiu Marco.) as buffers to prevent cross-pollination. The question of how many rows of buffer trees or spacing can effectively prevent cross-pollination by honeybees between compatible mandarins is unclear. We initiated a study using fluorescent-labeled AFLP markers to determine the pollen parentages of `Nules' clementine seedlings and `Afourer' mandarin seedlings from two orchards in California. The longest distance of pollen flow at an orchard near Madera was 521 m. The pollen of `Minneola' tangelo (C. reticulata × C. paradisi Macf.) was able to disperse across a minimum of 92 rows of `Lane Late' navel oranges plus two rows of `Afourer' mandarins to pollinate `Afourer' mandarins. We also found that all the seedlings of `Nules' clementine mandarin at an orchard near Bakersfield had been pollinated by `Afourer' mandarin pollen. The pollen of `Afourer' mandarin was able to disperse up to distances between 837 and 960 m to pollinate `Nules' clementine. The pollen dispersal distance found in this study was at least 16 times longer than previously reported in a citrus orchard. Growers need to consider a much larger space or buffer rows to prevent cross-pollination and produce seedless mandarins in California.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional prediction of maize pollen dispersal and cross-pollination, and the effects of windbreaks

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 183-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomoki Ushiyama ◽  
Mingyuan Du ◽  
Satoshi Inoue ◽  
Hiroyuki Shibaike ◽  
Seiichiro Yonemura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Maize Pollen ◽  
Cross Pollination

scholarly journals Penyebaran Polen Berdasarkan Analisis SSR Membuktikan Penyerbukan

Buletin Palma ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 77 ◽  
Author(s):  
SITI HALIMAH LAREKENG ◽  
ISMAIL MASKROMO ◽  
AGUS PURWITO ◽  
NURHAYATI ANSHORI MATTJIK ◽  
SUDARSONO SUDARSONO
Keyword(s):  
Ssr Marker ◽  
Cocos Nucifera ◽  
Pollen Dispersal ◽  
Paternity Analysis ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Cross Pollination ◽  
Ssr Analysis ◽  
Self Pollination ◽  
Marker Loci ◽  
Cocos Nucifera L

<p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRAK </span></p><p>Analisis paternitas digunakan untuk mengetahui pola penyebaran serbuk sari pada kelapa (Cocos nucifera L.) tipe Dalam Kalianda. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk (1) mengevaluasi pola penyebaran serbuk sari dan menentukan kisaran  jarak penyebaran serbuk sari pada kelapa tipe Dalam Kalianda, (2) menentukan persentase penyerbukan silang  (outcrossing) dan penyerbukan sendiri (selfing) yang terjadi pada kelapa tipe Dalam Kalianda, dan (3) menentukan  frekuensi pola penyerbukan silang antara kelapa tipe Dalam normal (N) dengan kelapa Dalam Kopyor (K), KxN dan KxK yang terjadi pada populasi campuran antara kelapa tipe Dalam Kopyor dan kelapa Dalam normal Kalianda.  Populasi yang digunakan terdiri atas 60 pohon kelapa tipe Dalam dewasa, 21 pohon merupakan kelapa tipe Dalam berbuah normal (homozigot KK) dan 39 merupakan pohon kelapa tipe Dalam Kopyor (heterosigot Kk). Empat belas  pohon (5 pohon KK dan 9 pohon Kk) digunakan sebagai tetua betina. Sebanyak 49 progeni dipanen dari 15 induk  terpilih dan dikecambahkan untuk sumber DNA dalam analisis paternitas. Enam lokus marka SSR polimorfik, yaitu  CnCir_B12,  CnCir_86,  CnCir_87,  CnCir_56,  CnZ_51,  CnZ_18  dan  empat  lokus  marka  SNAP  polimorfik,  yaitu  CnSUS1#14,CnSUS1#3, CnWRKY6#3 dan CnWRKY19#1 digunakan untuk menentukan genotipe seluruh progeni, seluruh kandidat tetua jantan, dan semua tetua betina yang digunakan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa  serbuk sari kelapa tipe Dalam Kalianda menyebar dengan jarak terjauh 63 m. Jarak penyebaran serbuk sari terbanyak pada jarak 40-50 m, dengan frekuensi sebesar 13 kejadian polinasi (27%). Dari 47 progeni yang dievaluasi, hanya satu (2%) progeni yang berasal dari penyerbukan sendiri (self pollination) dan 48 (98%) berasal dari penyerbukan silang. Dari  progeni hasil penyerbukan silang, 24 (49,0%) progeni teridentifikasi sebagai hasil persilangan antara induk dan tetua  jantan kelapa tipe Dalam kopyor heterosigot Kk, 11 (22,4%) sebagai hasil persilangan antara induk kelapa tipe Dalam  Kopyor heterosigot Kk dan normal homosigot KK, 10 (20,5%) sebagai hasil persilangan antara induk kelapa tipe Dalam normal homosigot KK dan Kopyor heterosigot Kk, serta 3 (6,1%) sebagai hasil persilangan antara induk dan tetua jantan tipe Dalam normal homosigot KK.</p><p>Kata kunci : Kelapa Dalam Kopyor, kelapa Kopyor Kalianda, tingkat penyerbukan sendiri, tingkat penyerbukan silang.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Pollen Dispersal Based on SSR Analysis Proves Kalianda to Kopyor Coconut Pollinations</strong></p><p><span style="font-size: medium;">ABSTRACT </span></p><p>Paternity analysis was applied to determine the pattern of pollen spread among Kalianda Tall coconut (Cocos nucifera L.) in Kalianda, Lampung. The objectives of this research are to (1) evaluate patterns of pollen dispersal and ranges of pollen  spread, (2) determine percentage of outcrossing or selfing rates, and (3) determine the frequency of cross pollination  among normal (N) to kopyor (K), KxN and KxK in the mix population of Kalianda Tall coconut at Kalianda, Lampung. The population used in this study was 60 palms, consisted of 21 Kalianda Tall Normal coconuts (homozygous KK) and 39 Kalianda Tall Kopyor coconuts (Heterozygous Kk). Fourteen palms out of those were selected as female parents. Progeny arrays (49 nuts) were harvested from 15 female parents and they were germinated. The DNA was isolated from  young leaf of all adult palms and germinated coconut seedlings and they were used in paternity analysis. Six  polymorphic SSR marker loci used were CnCir_B12, CnCir_86, CnCir_87, CnCir_56, CnZ_51, CnZ_18 and the four  polymorphic SNAP markers used were CnSUS1#14, CnSUS1#3, CnWRKY6#1 and CnWRKY19#3. The markers were used to genotype all the progenies, the potential male and the female parents. Results of the experiment indicated pollen of Kalianda Tall Kopyor coconut farthest disperse was 63 m. Distance of the mostpollen dispersal was between 40-50  m,with the frequency of 13 pollination events (27%). Among the evaluated progenies, only one (2%) comes from self  pollination event and 48 (98%) comes from cross pollination. Results of the progeny evaluation also indicated 24  progenies (49.0%) are results of outcrossing among Kalianda Tall kopyor heterozygous Kk parents, 11 progenies (22.4%)  are outcrossing among kopyor heterozygous Kk female and normal homozygous KK male parents, 10 progenies (20.5%) are outcrossing among normal homozygous KK female and kopyor heterozygous Kk male parents, and 3 progenies (6.1%) are outcrossing among normal homozygous KK female and male parents.</p>Keywords : Tall kopyor coconut, Kalianda Kopyor coconut, self polination, cross pollination rate.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document