scholarly journals Daily intake and the selection of feeding sites by horses in heterogeneous wet grasslands

2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G�raldine Fleurance ◽  
Patrick Duncan ◽  
Bruno Mallevaud
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Wet Grasslands ◽  
Selection Of

Selection of feeding sites by horses at pasture: Testing the anti-parasite theory

2007 ◽  
Vol 108 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 288-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Fleurance ◽  
Patrick Duncan ◽  
Herve Fritz ◽  
Jacques Cabaret ◽  
Jacques Cortet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Selection Of

Effects of menu labelling on students′ food choice: a preliminary study

2019 ◽  
Vol 121 (2) ◽  
pp. 479-491 ◽  
Author(s):  
Greta Krešić ◽  
Nikolina Liović ◽  
Jelka Pleadin
Keyword(s):  
Positive Impact ◽  
Food Selection ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Nutrition Knowledge ◽  
Grocery Store ◽  
Nutrition Label ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Menu Selection ◽  
Selection Of

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to assess the relationship between nutrition knowledge and grocery store nutrition label use, with using nutrition information disclosure on menu selection in a group of hospitality management students, who shall be responsible for menu labelling in their future careers.Design/methodology/approachA between-subject design included 324 students, who were randomly assigned to choose from a menu labelled as follows: unlabelled; kcal label only; graphical label providing information on the per cent of the recommended daily intake of energy and four nutrients. Their nutrition knowledge and habit of reading grocery store nutrition labels were tested using an additional questionnaire.FindingsThe results showed that the provision of energy value information resulted in the selection of less energetic, less fat and less salted food, while a graphical label additionally led to the selection of food having a lower saturated fatty acid (SFA) and sugar content. Multiple regression analysis showed that the habit of packaged food nutrition label reading was a significant predictor of choosing food having a lower energy (p<0.001), fat (p<0.001), SFA (p<0.001), sugar (p<0.001) and salt (p=0.003) content, while the influence of nutrition knowledge on food selection was proven insignificant.Originality/valueGiven the established positive impact of menu labelling, these findings support the future European policy mandating energy and nutrient content disclosure on menus, but also point to the need for more-intense consumer education.

scholarly journals Identification of a New Variety of Avocados (Persea americana Mill. CV. Bacon) with High Vitamin E and Impact of Cold Storage on Tocochromanols Composition

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Celia Vincent ◽  
Tania Mesa ◽  
Sergi Munne-Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin E ◽  
Cold Storage ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Persea Americana ◽  
Short Term ◽  
New Variety ◽  
Nutritional Vitamin ◽  
Selection Of

(1) Background: Tocochromanols are a group of fat-soluble compounds including vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols) and plastochromanol-8, and just one avocado can contain up to 20% of the required vitamin E daily intake. (2) Methods: HPLC and LC-MS/MS analyses were performed in avocados of various varieties and origin for the identification and quantification of tocopherols, tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8. After selection of the variety with the highest vitamin E content, we evaluated to what extent short- (4 h) and long-term (10 d) cold storage influences the accumulation of tocochromanols. (3) Results: Analyses revealed that “Bacon” avocados (Persea americana Mill. cv. Bacon) were the richest in vitamin E compared to other avocado varieties (including the highly commercialized Hass variety), and they not only accumulated tocopherols (with 110 µg of α-tocopherol per g dry matter), but also tocotrienols (mostly in the form of γ-tocotrienol, with 3 µg per g dry matter) and plastochromanol-8 (4.5 µg per g dry matter). While short-term cold shock did not negatively influence α-tocopherol contents, it increased those of γ-tocopherol, γ-tocotrienol, and plastochromanol-8 and decreased those of δ-tocotrienol. Furthermore, storage of Bacon avocados for 10 d led to a 20% decrease in the contents of α-tocopherol, whereas the contents of other tocopherols, tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8 were not affected. (4) Conclusions: It is concluded that Bacon avocados (i) are very rich in α-tocopherol, (ii) not only contain tocopherols, but also tocotrienols and plastochromanol-8, and (iii) their nutritional vitamin E value is negatively influenced by long-term cold storage.

scholarly journals Investigating the role of natural phyto-oestrogens on bone health in postmenopausal women

2003 ◽  
Vol 89 (S1) ◽  
pp. S87-S99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Valtueña ◽  
Kevin Cashman ◽  
Simon P. Robins ◽  
Aedin Cassidy ◽  
Alwine Kardinaal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Bone Loss ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Bone Health ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Present Knowledge ◽  
Selection Of

Research on the bone effects of natural phyto-oestrogens after menopause is at a relatively early stage. Published studies are few, difficult to compare and often inconclusive, due in part to design weaknesses. Currently, many questions remain to be answered including to what extent a safe daily intake may prevent postmenopausal bone loss. These questions can only be addressed by conducting well-planned, randomised clinical trials that take into consideration present knowledge in the oestrogen, phyto-oestrogen and bone fields. This review is intended to provide hints for critical decision-making about the selection of subjects, type of intervention, suitable outcome measures and variables that need to be controlled.

scholarly journals Comparison of high-fat and high-carbohydrate foods in a meal or snack on short-term fat and energy intakes in obese women

2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (4) ◽  
pp. 521-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. M. Green ◽  
J. K. Wales ◽  
C. L. Lawton ◽  
J. E. Blundell
Keyword(s):  
Energy Intake ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
High Fat ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Within Subjects ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Snack Consumption ◽  
Selection Of

The present study aimed to compare the action of high-fat and high-carbohydrate (CHO) foods on meal size (satiation) and post-meal satiety in obese women. A within-subjects design was used; each participant received all four nutritional challenges. Fifteen healthy obese women (age 21–56 years, BMI 35–48 kg/m2) participated; thirteen completed all four test days. On two test days, participants were exposed to a nutritional challenge comprising an ad libitum high-fat or high-CHO lunch. On the other two test days they were exposed to a challenge comprising an ad libitum sweet high-fat or high-CHO mid-afternoon snack. Energy and macronutrient intakes were measured at each eating episode. Visual analogue rating scales were completed periodically to record subjective feelings of appetite. When offered a high-CHO selection of foods at lunch and mid-afternoon participants consumed less energy than when offered a high-fat selection. However, post-meal satiety was similar. Total test-day energy intake was significantly higher when high-fat foods were consumed at lunch, but not as a snack. Consumption of high-fat foods at a lunch and snack increased the amount of fat consumed over the whole test day. In conclusion, energy intake of an eating episode was influenced by nutrient composition in this group of obese women. Consumption of high-fat foods at lunch or as a snack led to overconsumption relative to high-CHO foods. However, high-fat foods at meals may have greater potential to influence daily intake than at snacks, probably because meals are larger eating episodes and therefore give greater opportunity to overconsume.

Seasonal patterns and sexual differences in the feeding ecology of arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii plesius)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1298-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Spermophilus Parryii ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Arctic Ground Squirrels ◽  
Selection Of

Arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii plesius) were studied in southwestern Yukon during the summers of 1977, 1978, and 1979. Samples of feces were collected from every adult captured every 2 weeks in 1978. Legumes were predominant in the diet until the fall, when squirrels switched to Artemisia. Females switched to Artemisia 1 month earlier than males, which correlates with the females' earlier entry into hibernation. Low abundance of legumes in areas in which squirrels preferred to feed indicated that squirrels fed selectively, although proximity of burrows also influenced selection of feeding sites.

The productivity of dairy cows fed irrigated subterranean clover herbage

1992 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1281 ◽  
Author(s):  
CR Stockdale
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Subterranean Clover ◽  
Trifolium Subterraneum ◽  
Early Lactation ◽  
Lactating Dairy Cows ◽  
Quality Diet ◽  
Similar Range ◽  
Marginal Returns ◽  
Selection Of

A number of experiments were undertaken to establish the productivity of lactating dairy cows when offered green, immature subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum) herbage and to study its utilization by these cows. The research included indoor feeding and grazing experiments and intensive metabolism studies. Levels of daily intake varied from 8 to 22 kg DM/cow and in early lactation, milk yields as high as 28 kg/day were sustained. Marginal returns to extra feeding, up to 15 kg DM/day in early lactation, averaged 1.4 kg milk for each additional kg of DM eaten above 8 kg DM/day. In late lactation, the return to additional feeding was 1.0 kg milk/kg of extra DM consumed over a similar range. Beyond 15 kg DM/day, the return increasingly diminished. Consideration of products of digestion suggested that fermentation of subterranean clover herbage in the rumen resulted in a balance of metabolites that is unlikely to be detrimental to animal production. Although the milk production data for the cows in the early lactation experiments fitted well together, one grazing experiment (in winter) did produce an unusual result. In this experiment, the cows offered most pasture did not perform as well as those offered an intermediate amount. It was considered that this was due to a characteristic of subterranean clover whereby the leaves are considerably less digestible than the rest of the plant; this resulted in selection of a lower quality diet by the supposedly best fed cows. The implications of this are discussed. It was concluded that, while few problems exist with the use of vegetative subterranean clover for lactating dairy cows, lenient grazing is not the most productive strategy when leaves constitute a large proportion of the sward.

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