Selection of feeding sites by horses at pasture: Testing the anti-parasite theory

2007 ◽  
Vol 108 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 288-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geraldine Fleurance ◽  
Patrick Duncan ◽  
Herve Fritz ◽  
Jacques Cabaret ◽  
Jacques Cortet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Selection Of

Seasonal patterns and sexual differences in the feeding ecology of arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii plesius)

1985 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1298-1301 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian G. McLean
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Ecology ◽  
Ground Squirrels ◽  
Sexual Differences ◽  
Seasonal Patterns ◽  
Spermophilus Parryii ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Arctic Ground Squirrels ◽  
Selection Of

Arctic ground squirrels (Spermophilus parryii plesius) were studied in southwestern Yukon during the summers of 1977, 1978, and 1979. Samples of feces were collected from every adult captured every 2 weeks in 1978. Legumes were predominant in the diet until the fall, when squirrels switched to Artemisia. Females switched to Artemisia 1 month earlier than males, which correlates with the females' earlier entry into hibernation. Low abundance of legumes in areas in which squirrels preferred to feed indicated that squirrels fed selectively, although proximity of burrows also influenced selection of feeding sites.

AN IMPROVED LABORATORY METHOD FOR REARING LARGE NUMBERS OF SPRUCE BUDWORM, CHORISTONEURA FUMIFERANA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE)

1970 ◽  
Vol 102 (9) ◽  
pp. 1111-1117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dail Grisdale
Keyword(s):  
Choristoneura Fumiferana ◽  
Adult Emergence ◽  
Laboratory Method ◽  
Artificial Lighting ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Newly Hatched Larvae ◽  
Anti Fungal ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractLarvae are reared on a synthetic diet in 1 oz. ribbed plastic cups. To eliminate the task of placing individual larvae on food, small gauze patches containing 25–40 larvae are placed in the cups prior to emergence from hibernacula. Larvae establish feeding sites between the ribs and are relatively undisturbed by others in the cup until the fifth instar. For maintenance of rearing stock the number of larvae is reduced to six to eight per cup, and they are allowed to pupate in the cups. Up to 100 pairs of pupae are placed in screened cages for adult emergence, mating, and oviposition. When the adults emerge balsam fir foliage is introduced and most of the eggs are deposited on the needles. Needles or twigs with egg clusters are transferred to large dishes the inside of which is painted black. The dish is tightly sealed with parafilm to which small gauze patches are attached and then placed under artificial lighting. The newly-hatched larvae are attracted toward the light and spin hibernacula in the gauze. The parafilm and gauze are sealed in plastic bags for cold storage treatment. By this system up to 10,000 larvae per week are easily produced.A discussion on the selection of rearing stock, rearing conditions, rearing containers, and the use of anti-fungal agents is included in the report.

Influence du parasitisme des moules sur l'alimentation des limicoles : exemple de l'Huîtrier pie hivernant dans l'Exe

2001 ◽  
Vol 79 (7) ◽  
pp. 1301-1315 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sophie Le Dréan-Quénec'hdu ◽  
John D Goss-Custard ◽  
Sarah EA le V dit Durell ◽  
Andy D West ◽  
Loïc Marion ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Feeding Site ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Active Selection ◽  
Meat Content ◽  
Haematopus Ostralegus ◽  
Bird Parasite ◽  
Selection Of

Parasite loads vary among feeding sites in European oystercatchers, Haematopus ostralegus, hibernating in the Exe Estuary, in Great Britain. This variation might be the result of active or passive selection of non-parasitised mussels (Mytilus edulis) because they are the preferred food of the oystercatcher in the area and are also the intermediate hosts of one of the main parasites of the bird. Parasite loads (Renicola sp. and Psilostomum brevicolle) of the mussels were studied in relation to morphological parameters known to influence the choice of prey by the oystercatcher: length of mussel, meat content, and thickness of shell. Smaller mussels generally carry the lightest parasite loads, but the number of metacercariae of the two parasites potentially consumed in a day varies with feeding site and mussel size. Thus, an oystercatcher will ingest fewer metacercariae of Renicola sp. and P. brevicolle by selecting smaller mussels from bank 1, which is one of the least visited sites in the estuary. However, the birds will have to select mussels of 37 mm or more on banks 30 and 31, which are among the most used sites. We suggest that there is no active selection of non-parasitised mussels, but rather a kind of passive selection as the mussels chosen for their energetic value happen to be also the least parasitised.[Journal translation]

scholarly journals Daily intake and the selection of feeding sites by horses in heterogeneous wet grasslands

2001 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
G�raldine Fleurance ◽  
Patrick Duncan ◽  
Bruno Mallevaud
Keyword(s):  
Daily Intake ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Wet Grasslands ◽  
Selection Of

Spatial–temporal arrangements of supplementation to modify selection of feeding sites by sheep

2004 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 59-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.A. Distel ◽  
P.M. Soca ◽  
M.W. Demment ◽  
E.A. Laca
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Selection Of

scholarly journals Seasonal Selection Preferences for Woody Plants by Breeding Herds of African Elephants (Loxodonta africana) in a Woodland Savanna

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. Viljoen ◽  
H. C. Reynecke ◽  
M. D. Panagos ◽  
W. R. Langbauer ◽  
A. Ganswindt
Keyword(s):  
Woody Plants ◽  
National Park ◽  
Woody Species ◽  
Feeding Preferences ◽  
African Elephants ◽  
Southeastern Part ◽  
Feeding Sites ◽  
Dry Seasons ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Wet And Dry Seasons

To evaluate dynamics of elephant herbivory, we assessed seasonal preferences for woody plants by African elephant breeding herds in the southeastern part of Kruger National Park (KNP) between 2002 and 2005. Breeding herds had access to a variety of woody plants, and, of the 98 woody plant species that were recorded in the elephant's feeding areas, 63 species were utilized by observed animals. Data were recorded at 948 circular feeding sites (radius 5 m) during wet and dry seasons. Seasonal preference was measured by comparing selection of woody species in proportion to their estimated availability and then ranked according to the Manly alpha (α) index of preference. Animals demonstrated a selection preference in feeding on woody vegetation, andGrewia hexamita, Grewia bicolor, Grewia flavescens, andGrewia monticolawere selected consistently more over all seasons. In addition, our results indicate that elephant herds have a low preference for at least some of the woody species prone to extirpation and that feeding preferences for woody plants do not account for the association of elephants and riparian fringe habitat.

Cognitive gadgets and cognitive priors

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Domenico Iannetti ◽  
Giorgio Vallortigara
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Neuroscience ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract Some of the foundations of Heyes’ radical reasoning seem to be based on a fractional selection of available evidence. Using an ethological perspective, we argue against Heyes’ rapid dismissal of innate cognitive instincts. Heyes’ use of fMRI studies of literacy to claim that culture assembles pieces of mental technology seems an example of incorrect reverse inferences and overlap theories pervasive in cognitive neuroscience.

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