Time course of changes in serum oxidant/antioxidant status in overfed obese rats and their offspring

2009 ◽  
Vol 116 (8) ◽  
pp. 669-680 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samira Bouanane ◽  
Nassira B. Benkalfat ◽  
Fatima-Zohra Baba Ahmed ◽  
Hafida Merzouk ◽  
Nassima S. Mokhtari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Carbonyl Protein

The aim of the present study was to determine the time course of changes in oxidant/antioxidant status, as well as serum glucose, insulin, leptin and lipid levels, liver adipose tissue and muscle lipid and protein contents, in cafeteria-diet-fed dams during gestation and lactation, and in their offspring throughout adulthood. Food intake was also evaluated. The cafeteria diet induced a significant increase in maternal body and relative adipose tissue weights, daily energy intake, and plasma glucose, insulin, leptin and lipid levels at parturition (day 0) and at the end of lactation (day 21). Plasma total antioxidant status [ORAC (oxygen radical absorbance capacity)], erythrocyte catalase and SOD (superoxide dismutase) activities were lower, whereas plasma hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels were higher in cafeteria-diet-fed mothers compared with control mothers at days 0 and 21. Pups from cafeteria-diet-fed dams, both males and females, also had consistently higher body and relative adipose tissue weights, and plasma glucose, insulin, leptin, triacylglycerol (triglyceride) and cholesterol levels at birth (day 0), weaning (day 21) and 3 months of age (day 90). These offspring had significantly lower ORAC and catalase activity, and higher plasma hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels and SOD activity at birth, at days 21 and 90 compared with control offspring. In conclusion, excessive maternal fat and energy intake can play an important role in the development of metabolic disorders in the offspring. Maternal oxidative stress may be among the responsible factors. Fetal oxidative stress may present an additional confounding influence and probably contributes to additional disorders, aggravating features of the metabolic syndrome. An improvement in maternal oxidant/antioxidant status during pregnancy and lactation, with adequate nutrition, could have beneficial effects on the progeny.

scholarly journals Effects of food pattern change and physical exercise on cafeteria diet-induced obesity in female rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 108 (8) ◽  
pp. 1511-1518 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jéferson F. Goularte ◽  
Maria B. C. Ferreira ◽  
Gilberto L. Sanvitto
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Insulin Sensitivity ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Liver Weight ◽  
Cafeteria Diet ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Diet Induced Obesity ◽  
Visceral Adipose

Obesity affects a large number of people around the world and appears to be the result of changes in food intake, eating habits and physical activity levels. Changes in dietary patterns and physical exercise are therefore strongly recommended to treat obesity and its complications. The present study tested the hypothesis that obesity and metabolic changes produced by a cafeteria diet can be prevented with dietary changes and/or physical exercise. A total of fifty-six female Wistar rats underwent one of five treatments: chow diet; cafeteria diet; cafeteria diet followed by a chow diet; cafeteria diet plus exercise; cafeteria diet followed by a chow diet plus exercise. The duration of the experiment was 34 weeks. The cafeteria diet resulted in higher energy intake, weight gain, increased visceral adipose tissue and liver weight, and insulin resistance. The cafeteria diet followed by the chow diet resulted in energy intake, body weight, visceral adipose tissue and liver weight and insulin sensitivity equal to that of the controls. Exercise increased total energy intake at week 34, but produced no changes in the animals' body weight or adipose tissue mass. However, insulin sensitivity in animals subjected to exercise and the diet was similar to that of the controls. The present study found that exposure to palatable food caused obesity and insulin resistance and a diet change was sufficient to prevent cafeteria diet-induced obesity and to maintain insulin sensitivity at normal levels. In addition, exercise resulted in normal insulin sensitivity in obese rats. These results may help to develop new approaches for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals Metformin induces oxidative stress in white adipocytes and raises uncoupling protein 2 levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 199 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Anedda ◽  
Eduardo Rial ◽  
M Mar González-Barroso
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Uncoupling Protein ◽  
Acid Oxidation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
White Adipocytes ◽  
Epididymal White Adipose Tissue ◽  
Amp Activated Protein Kinase

Metformin is a drug widely used to treat type 2 diabetes. It enhances insulin sensitivity by improving glucose utilization in tissues like liver or muscle. Metformin inhibits respiration, and the decrease in cellular energy activates the AMP-activated protein kinase that in turn switches on catabolic pathways. Moreover, metformin increases lipolysis and β-oxidation in white adipose tissue, thereby reducing the triglyceride stores. The uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are transporters that lower the efficiency of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. UCP2 is thought to protect against oxidative stress although, alternatively, it could play an energy dissipation role. The aim of this work was to analyse the involvement of UCP2 on the effects of metformin in white adipocytes. We studied the effect of this drug in differentiating 3T3-L1 adipocytes and found that metformin causes oxidative stress since it increases the levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lowers the aconitase activity. Variations in UCP2 protein levels parallel those of ROS. Metformin also increases lipolysis in these cells although only when the levels of ROS and UCP2 have decreased. Hence, UCP2 does not appear to be needed to facilitate fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, treatment of C57BL/6 mice with metformin also augmented the levels of UCP2 in epididymal white adipose tissue. We conclude that metformin treatment leads to the overexpression of UCP2 in adipocytes to minimize the oxidative stress that is probably due to the inhibition of respiration caused by the drug.

Time-Course of Changes in Oxidative Stress and Antioxidant Status Responses Following a Soccer Game

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 3278-3286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ioannis G Fatouros ◽  
Athanasios Chatzinikolaou ◽  
Ioannis I Douroudos ◽  
Michalis G Nikolaidis ◽  
Antonios Kyparos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Soccer Game

Radioprotective effect of Curcuma longa extract on γ-irradiation-induced oxidative stress in rats

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-423 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed S. Nada ◽  
Asrar M. Hawas ◽  
Nour El-Din Amin ◽  
Magdy M. Elnashar ◽  
Zakaria Y. Abd Elmageed
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Curcuma Longa ◽  
Radioprotective Effect ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Sublethal Dose ◽  
Γ Irradiation ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Radiation Induced

This study was conducted to evaluate the modulatory effect of aqueous extract of Curcuma longa (L.) against γ-irradiation (GR), which induces biochemical disorders in male rats. The sublethal dose of GR was determined in primary hepatocytes. Also, the effect of C. longa extract was examined for its activity against GR. In rats, C. longa extract was administered daily (200 mg/kg body mass) for 21 days before, and 7 days after GR exposure (6.5 Gy). The lipid profile and antioxidant status, as well as levels of transaminases, interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumour necrosis factor α (TNFα) were assessed. The results showed that in hepatocytes, the aqueous extract exhibited radioprotective activity against exposure to GR. Exposure of untreated rats to GR resulted in transaminase disorders, lipid abnormalities, elevation of lipid peroxidation, trace element alterations, release of IL-6 and TNF, and decrease in glutathione and protein level of superoxide dismutase-1 (SOD-1) and peroxiredoxin-1 (PRDX-1). However, treatment of rats with this extract before and after GR exposure improved antioxidant status and minimized the radiation-induced increase in inflammatory cytokines. Changes occurred in the tissue levels of trace elements, and the protein levels of SOD-1 and PRDX-1 were also modulated by C. longa extract. Overall, C. longa exerted a beneficial radioprotective effect against radiation-induced oxidative stress in male rats by alleviating pathological disorders and modulating antioxidant enzymes.

scholarly journals Oxidized tissue proteins after intestinal reperfusion injury in rats

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 434-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Schanaider ◽  
Vinícius José Martinho Toledo Menezes ◽  
Aline Cury Borchardt ◽  
Pedro Lagerblad de Oliveira ◽  
Kalil Madi
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Intestinal Ischemia ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion ◽  
Ischemia And Reperfusion Injury ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Group I ◽  
Carbonyl Protein ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

PURPOSE: To analyse if the carbonyl proteins measurement could be validated as a method that allows the identification of an intestinal oxidative stress after ischemia and reperfusion injury. METHODS: Twenty-five male Wistar rats (n =21) weighting 200 to 250g were divided into three groups. Group I - control (n = 10). Group II - sham (n = 5) and Group III (n = 10) subjected to 60 minutes of intestinal ischemia and equal period of reperfusion. For this purpose it was clamped the superior mesenteric artery in its distal third. Histological changes and carbonyl protein levels were determined in the samples of all groups. In group III, samples of both normal and reperfused ileal segment were studied. RESULTS: All the reperfused segments showed mucosal and submucosal swelling and inflammatory infiltrate of the lamina propria. Levels of carbonyl protein rose in group III, including in the non-ischemic segments. The sensitivity and specificity of the carbonyl protein tissue levels were respectively 94% and 88%. CONCLUSION: The carbonyl protein method is a useful biologic marker of oxidative stress after the phenomenon of intestinal ischemia and reperfusion in rats. It was also noteworthy that the effects of oxidative stress could be seen far from the locus of the primary injury.

Gold nanoparticles alter parameters of oxidative stress and energy metabolism in organs of adult rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (6) ◽  
pp. 548-557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Kozuchovski Ferreira ◽  
Eria Cardoso ◽  
Francieli Silva Vuolo ◽  
Monique Michels ◽  
Elton Torres Zanoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gold Nanoparticles ◽  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Carbonyl Protein ◽  
Term Administration

This study evaluated the parameters of oxidative stress and energy metabolism after the acute and long-term administration of gold nanoparticles (GNPs, 10 and 30 nm in diameter) in different organs of rats. Adult male Wistar rats received a single intraperitoneal injection or repeated injections (once daily for 28 days) of saline solution, GNPs-10 or GNPs-30. Twenty-four hours after the last administration, the animals were killed, and the liver, kidney, and heart were isolated for biochemical analysis. We demonstrated that acute administration of GNPs-30 increased the TBARS levels, and that GNPs-10 increased the carbonyl protein levels. The long-term administration of GNPs-10 increased the TBARS levels, and the carbonyl protein levels were increased by GNPs-30. Acute administration of GNPs-10 and GNPs-30 increased SOD activity. Long-term administration of GNPs-30 increased SOD activity. Acute administration of GNPs-10 decreased the activity of CAT, whereas long-term administration of GNP-10 and GNP-30 altered CAT activity randomly. Our results also demonstrated that acute GNPs-30 administration decreased energy metabolism, especially in the liver and heart. Long-term GNPs-10 administration increased energy metabolism in the liver and decreased energy metabolism in the kidney and heart, whereas long-term GNPs-30 administration increased energy metabolism in the heart. The results of our study are consistent with other studies conducted in our research group and reinforce the fact that GNPs can lead to oxidative damage, which is responsible for DNA damage and alterations in energy metabolism.

Time course of changes in serum glucose, insulin, lipids and tissue lipase activities in macrosomic offspring of rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes

1999 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. MERZOUK ◽  
S. MADANI ◽  
D. CHABANE SARI ◽  
J. PROST ◽  
M. BOUCHENAK ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Lipase Activity ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Hepatic Lipase ◽  
Serum Insulin ◽  
Serum Glucose ◽  
Lipid Levels ◽  
Citrate Buffer ◽  
Pregnant Rats ◽  
Metabolic Complications

The aim of this investigation was to determine the time course of changes in serum glucose, insulin and lipid levels, as well as lipid and protein content and lipolytic activities in insulin target organs (liver, adipose tissue and muscle), in macrosomic offspring of streptozotocin-induced mildly hyperglycaemic rats. Food intake and nutritional efficiency were also evaluated. Mild hyperglycaemia in pregnant rats was induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (40 mg/kg body weight) on day 5 of gestation. Control pregnant rats were injected with citrate buffer. At birth, macrosomic pups (birth weight > 1.7 S.D. greater than the mean value for the control pups) had higher serum insulin, glucose and lipid levels than control pups. These macrosomic rats maintained accelerated postnatal growth combined with high adipose tissue weight up to 12 weeks of age. These rats were not hyperphagic; however, they had higher food efficiency and fat storage capacity with higher adipocyte lipoprotein lipase activity, which contributed to persisting obesity. Hepatic lipase activity was increased in macrosomic rats at all ages. Moreover, macrosomia was associated with metabolic disturbances that varied according to age and sex. After 1 month, several alterations observed at birth had disappeared. Serum glucose, insulin and lipid levels in male and female macrosomic rats became similar to those of their respective controls. At 2 months of age, hepatic and serum triacylglycerol levels were higher in macrosomic females than in controls. By 3 months, macrosomic rats (both males and females) had developed insulin resistance with hyperinsulinaemia, hyperglycaemia, and higher serum and hepatic lipids. In conclusion, macrosomia was associated with alterations in glucose and lipid metabolism through to adulthood. It should be considered as an important potential risk factor for obesity and its metabolic complications.

scholarly journals NAC Supplementation of Hyperglycemic Rats Prevents the Development of Insulin Resistance and Improves Antioxidant Status but Only Alleviates General and Salivary Gland Oxidative Stress

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Anna Zalewska ◽  
Sara Zięba ◽  
Paula Kostecka-Sochoń ◽  
Agnieszka Kossakowska ◽  
Małgorzata Żendzian-Piotrowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Salivary Gland ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Saliva Secretion ◽  
Whole Saliva ◽  
Oxidative Modifications

Previous studies based on animal models demonstrated that N-acetylcysteine (NAC) prevents oxidative stress and improves salivary gland function when the NAC supplementation starts simultaneously with insulin resistance (IR) induction. This study is the first to evaluate the effect of a 4-week NAC supply on the antioxidant barrier and oxidative stress in Wistar rats after six weeks of high-fat diet (HFD) intake. Redox biomarkers were evaluated in the parotid (PG) and submandibular (SMG) salivary glands and stimulated whole saliva (SWS), as well as in the plasma and serum. We demonstrated that the activity of salivary peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and total antioxidant capacity were significantly higher in PG, SMG, and SWS of IR rats treated with NAC. It appears that in PG and SMG of rats fed an HFD, N-acetylcysteine supplementation abolishes oxidative modifications to proteins (evidenced by decreased content of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP) and advanced glycation end products (AGE)). Simultaneously, it does not reverse oxidative modifications of lipids (as seen in increased concentration of 8-isoprostanes and 4-hydroxynonenal vs. the control), although it reduces the peroxidation of salivary lipids in relation to the group fed a high-fat diet alone. NAC administration increased protein levels in PG and SMG but did not affect saliva secretion, which was significantly lower compared to the controls. To sum up, the inclusion of NAC supplementation after six weeks of HFD feeding was effective in improving the general and salivary gland antioxidant status. Nevertheless, NAC did not eliminate salivary oxidative stress and only partially prevented salivary gland dysfunction.

scholarly journals Effect of Dietaryn-3Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids on Oxidant/Antioxidant Status in Macrosomic Offspring of Diabetic Rats

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Guermouche ◽  
N. A. Soulimane-Mokhtari ◽  
S. Bouanane ◽  
H. Merzouk ◽  
S. Merzouk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Ldl Oxidation ◽  
Carbonyl Protein ◽  
Lipid Parameters ◽  
Diabetic Mothers

The aim of this work was to determine the effect of dietaryn-3PUFA on oxidant/antioxidant status,in vitrovery low and low density lipoprotein (VLDL-LDL), and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition in macrosomic pups of diabetic mothers. We hypothesized thatn-3PUFA would improve oxidative stress in macrosomia. Diabetes was induced in female Wistar rats fed with the ISIO diet (control) or with the EPAX diet (enriched inn-3PUFAs), by streptozotocin. The macrosomic pups were killed at birth (day 0) and at adulthood (day 90). Lipid parameters and VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition were investigated. The oxidant/antioxidant status was determined by measuring plasma oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), hydroperoxides, carbonyl proteins, and VLDL-LDL oxidation. Macrosomic rats of ISIO fed diabetic mothers showed an increase in plasma and VLDL-LDL-triglycerides and VLDL-LDL-cholesterol levels and altered VLDL-LDL-fatty acid composition. Plasma ORAC was low with high hydroperoxide and carbonyl protein levels. Thein vitrooxidizability of VLDL-LDL was enhanced in these macrosomic rats. The EPAX diet corrected lipid parameters and improved oxidant/antioxidant status but increased VLDL-LDL susceptibility to oxidation. Macrosomia is associated with lipid abnormalities and oxidative stress.n-3PUFA exerts favorable effects on lipid metabolism and on the oxidant/antioxidant status of macrosomic rats. However, there are no evident effects on VLDL-LDL oxidation.

scholarly journals Oxidant and antioxidant status in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
Vonteru Lakshmi Asha Latha ◽  
Musturu Manohar Suchitra ◽  
Aparna Rajeswara Rao Bitla ◽  
Pemmaraju Venkata Lakshmi Narasimha Srinivasa Rao ◽  
Durgaprasad Rajasekhar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary Interventions ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Antioxidative Status ◽  
Coronary Interventions ◽  
Reducing Ability ◽  
Percutaneous Coronary

Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is the major disease leading to cause mortality and morbidity. The imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the intrinsic antioxidant defense system leading to the oxidative stress, has been implicated in the pathogenesis of the cardiovascular disease. The formed free radicals and subsequent lipid peroxidation may be responsible for myocardial damage in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions. Therefore, the understanding of the pathophysiological role of ROS generated during or after coronary interventions is essential to improve the success rate of these procedures.Aims and Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the time course changes of oxidant and antioxidant status, in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary interventions (PCI).Materials and Methods: The study included 120 consecutive patients (117 males, 3 females; mean age 58.4 years) who underwent elective PCI. Coronary angiography and coronary angioplasty were performed according to the standard protocols. Blood samples were taken just before (0hrs) and at 4 hrs and 24 hrs after coronary interventions to determine the oxidative status i.e. plasma malondialdehyde (MDA) and for antioxidative status, erythrocyte glutathione peroxidase (GPx), erythrocyte glutathione (GSH) and plasma ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP).Results: There was significant increase in MDA levels (1.87±0.34, 1.90±0.46, p=0.000), at 4hrs and 24hrs after coronary interventions when compared to baseline levels. After coronary interventions, the GPx activity (12.96±8.37, 12.3±7.76, p=0.000) and FRAP levels (0.73±0.21, 0.70±0.23, p=0.001 respectively) were found to be increased significantly at 4hrs and 24hrs. However, the glutathione levels (2.40±0.57, 2.47±0.53, p=0.040) were decreased at 4hrs and 24hrs after coronary interventions.Conclusion: Our study demonstrates that presence of oxidative stress in coronary interventions. The increase in antioxidants in the present study may be due to paradoxical increase in oxidant levels in patients undergoing coronary interventions.Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.8(2) 2017 29-33

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