Elevated β2-adrenoceptor protein concentration in adipose tissue from obese subjects is closely related to the body mass index and waist/hip ratio

2003 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads RASMUSSEN ◽  
Thomas ALMDAL ◽  
Palle BRATHOLM ◽  
Niels Juel CHRISTENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Obese Subjects

Elevated β2-adrenoceptor protein concentration in adipose tissue from obese subjects is closely related to the body mass index and waist/hip ratio

2003 ◽  
Vol 104 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mads RASMUSSEN ◽  
Thomas ALMDAL ◽  
Palle BRATHOLM ◽  
Niels Juel CHRISTENSEN
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
The Body ◽  
Receptor Protein ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Obese Subjects

The aim of the present study was to quantify β2-adrenoceptor protein content in adipose tissue during fasting, and to study the relationships between β2-adrenoceptor protein and mRNA levels and changes in metabolites related to lipolysis. Groups of male subjects with a body mass index of <25kg/m2 or >30kg/m2 fasted for 60h. Abdominal subcutaneous fat biopsies were analysed for receptor mRNA levels by reverse transcription–PCR–HPLC. The β2-adrenoceptor protein concentration was measured by Western blotting using fluorescence laser scanning for detection. The β2-adrenoceptor protein concentration per cell (on a DNA basis) was higher in obese subjects (P<0.03). There were highly significant relationships between β2-adrenoceptor protein concentration and both body mass index and waist/hip ratio (P<0.001 for both). Furthermore, there was an inverse relationship between the receptor protein concentration and the serum β-hydroxybutyrate level during fasting (P<0.005). β2-Adrenoceptor protein levels decreased in both groups during fasting, to a similar degree. Basal β2-adrenoceptor mRNA levels were similar in the two groups, but there was a smaller increase in the obese group during fasting (P<0.03). The increased β2-adrenoceptor protein level in obese subjects is likely to be related to the greater plasma membrane area of their adipocytes. The decrease during fasting may be due to increased binding of noradrenaline and subsequent internalization and degradation of the receptor. Elevated levels of less responsive β2-adrenoceptor protein in obese subjects may contribute to the development of obesity.

scholarly journals The in vitro secretion of human leptin is gender-dependent but independent of the body mass index of the donors

2000 ◽  
pp. 711-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Menendez ◽  
R Baldelli ◽  
M Lage ◽  
X Casabiell ◽  
V Pinero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Tissue Sample ◽  
Secretory Activity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Secretory Rate ◽  
Omental Adipose Tissue

OBJECTIVE: Leptin is an adipocyte-secreted hormone acting as a signal to the central nervous system, where it regulates energy homeostasis and neuroendocrine processes. Leptin plasma levels are mainly regulated by the percentage of body fat, but are also controlled by several metabolic and nutritional variables. Data regarding leptin secretion suggest that it is gender regulated, and higher levels are present in women than men; however, the biological basis for this sex-related difference is unknown. To clarify those points, a systematic study with tissue cultures from human omental adipose tissue was performed. DESIGN AND METHODS: Surgically obtained samples from 137 patients (68 women, 69 men) were evaluated. The assay was standardized in periods of 24 h ending at 96 h. Each adipose tissue sample from a single donor was incubated in triplicate and leptin results expressed as the mean of the integrated secretion into the medium (nanograms of leptin/g tissue per time). RESULTS: Tissue adipose cultures showed a steady leptin secretion throughout the 96 h studied, with the peak of secretory activity reached at 48 h; afterwards, the in vitro secretion reached a plateau state. Spontaneous leptin secretion in the 24 h and 48 h period, as well as the area under the curve analyzed in the 0-48 h period, showed a gender-based difference that was significantly (P<0. 05) higher in women than in men. When data of spontaneous leptin secretion were correlated with the body mass index (BMI) of the donors, no correlation was found. This suggests that in vivo leptin levels are dependent on the total amount of fat of the individual, but independent of the leptin secretory rate by the adipose tissue of the donor. CONCLUSIONS: Leptin secretion from omental adipose tissue in vitro is: (i) significantly higher in samples from women than in samples from men; and (ii) not correlated with the BMI, showing that in vitro leptin secretion is not related to the adiposity of the donor.

scholarly journals The association between body mass index and the oral Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes profiles of healthy individuals

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
Roshna Mohamed Qadir ◽  
Mahde Saleh Assafi
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Oral Bacteria ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Oral Microbiome ◽  
Bacterial Phyla ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Health Objective

Introduction: Microbiome status is considered an important factor that contributes to obesity. Investigations have shown that the oral microbiome comprises a vast array of bacterial species that can influence human health. Objective: To determine the association between the presence of the bacterial phyla Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and the body mass index (BMI) status of normal, overweight and obese subjects in Duhok, Iraq. Additionally, to investigate the composition of oral Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes profiles for individuals with different BMI statuses. Methods: A total of 155 saliva samples were collected from participants in Duhok, Iraq. Bacterial genomic DNA was then extracted from the collected saliva. The presence of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes phyla was detected via polymerase chain reaction. Results: Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes were detected in 63.2 and 37.4% of the population, respectively. Differences in the carriage rates of oral Firmicutes in overweight (78%) and obese individuals (83%) were statistically significant when compared to normal weight individuals (36%) (P<0.0001). The percentage rates of Bacteroidetes in obese individuals (26.4%) was statistically significant when compared to normal weight individuals (50.8%) (P=0.0078). The Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratios (obese=3.1, overweight=2.5 and normal weight=0.7) were higher with increasing BMI. Conclusion: This study provides evidence of the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio growing with increasing BMI. High rates of Firmicutes could serve a role in the development of obesity. Further studies are required to clarify the exact relationship between oral bacteria and obesity, which could lead to a promising therapeutic method for improving the physical health of humans.

scholarly journals Body-Mass-Index Associated Differences in Ortho- and Retronasal Olfactory Function and the Individual Significance of Olfaction in Health and Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerold Besser ◽  
Brigitte Erlacher ◽  
Kadriye Aydinkoc-Tuzcu ◽  
David T. Liu ◽  
Eleonore Pablik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Olfactory Dysfunction ◽  
Olfactory Function ◽  
The Body ◽  
Flavor Perception ◽  
Smell Test ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
The Individual

Odor (including flavor) perception plays a major role in dietary behavior. Orthonasal olfactory function (OOF) has been shown to decrease in obese subjects. Changes in retronasal olfactory function (ROF) after weight loss and in the individual significance of olfaction (ISO) in obesity are yet to be investigated. Firstly, 15 obese subjects were recruited in a pilot study and supported to conventionally lose weight. OOF (Sniffin’ Sticks) was measured at the beginning and after 5.6 ± 1.3 months. Eleven subjects re-visited but barely lost weight and no major changes in OOF were observed. Secondly, the body-mass-index (BMI), OOF, and ROF (Candy Smell Test, CST) were recorded in subjectively olfactory-healthy subjects (SOHSs) and additionally the ISO questionnaire was collected in patients with olfactory dysfunction (OD). BMI correlated significantly negatively with odor discrimination (p = 0.00004) in 74 SOHSs and negatively with CST (p < 0.0001) in 66 SOHSs. In 48 SOHSs, there was a gender difference in ISO scores (p = 0.034), but no significant correlation with BMI was found (p > 0.05). ISO scores were significantly higher in 52 OD patients in comparison to SOHSs (p = 0.0382). Not only OOF but also ROF may decline with higher BMI. ISO does not seem to alter with BMI, but olfaction becomes more important once it is consciously impaired.

scholarly journals Overweight And Obesity Repercussion In The Postoperative Of Myocardial Revascularization Surgery

2014 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 236-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nyagra Ribeiro de Araújo ◽  
Raul Amaral de Araújo ◽  
Simone Maria Muniz da Silva Bezerra
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Myocardial Revascularization ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Obese Subjects ◽  
Revascularization Surgery

This is a descriptive, retrospective study with cross-sectional quantitative approach, which aimed to relate the body mass index with events in the postoperative period of the myocardial revascularization surgery with use of extracorporeal circulation. The data collection period was between April and June/2012. Patients were divided according to the body mass index and classified as without excess of weight, overweight or obese. The data analysis was based on the descriptive statistics. The patients without excess of weight had more complications, especially those related to the lungs. Among overweight and obese individuals, the cardiovascular complications stood out. The obese subjects had the worse prognostic. Obesity and overweight did not have statistically significant association with a higher frequency of postoperative complications, in spite of the occurrence of cardiovascular complications in this group. The patients without excess of weight had higher risks of developing neurological events.


scholarly journals Lower Zinc-α2-Glycoprotein Production by Adipose Tissue and Liver in Obese Patients Unrelated to Insulin Resistance

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 4499-4507 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Selva ◽  
Albert Lecube ◽  
Cristina Hernández ◽  
Juan A. Baena ◽  
José M. Fort ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Obese Subjects

Context: Zinc-α2 glycoprotein (ZAG) has been proposed as a new candidate in the pathogenesis of obesity, but most of the information stems from studies performed in rodents and in vitro assays. Objective: The main aim of the study was to compare serum levels of ZAG and its expression (mRNA levels and protein) in adipose tissue and the liver between obese and nonobese subjects. The relationship between ZAG and insulin resistance was also explored. Design: This was a case-control study. Setting: The study was conducted at a university referral center. Patients and Methods: Samples of serum, sc adipose tissue (SAT), visceral adipose tissue (VAT), and liver were obtained from 20 obese subjects during bariatric surgery. Samples from 10 nonobese patients matched by age and gender were used as a control group. Serum ZAG levels were determined by ELISA. ZAG mRNA levels were measured by real-time PCR and protein content by Western blot. The effect of insulin on liver production of ZAG was assessed using HepG2 cultures. Results: Serum concentration of ZAG (micrograms per milliliter) was significantly lower in obese subjects (40.87 ± 10.45 vs. 63.26 ± 16.40; P = 0.002). ZAG expression was significantly lower in the adipose tissue (SAT and VAT) and liver of obese patients than in control subjects. Significant negative correlations between body mass index and circulating ZAG (r = −0.65, P &lt; 0.001) as well as between body mass index and mRNA ZAG levels in SAT (r = −0.68, P &lt; 0.001) and VAT were detected (r = −0.64, P &lt; 0.001). No relationship was found between ZAG and homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance and insulin had no effect on ZAG production in vitro. Conclusion: A down-regulation of ZAG in SAT, VAT, and liver exists in obese patients but seems unrelated to insulin resistance. A downregulation of zinc-α2 glycoprotein in adipose tissue and liver exists in obese patients, and it is unrelated to insulin resistance.

scholarly journals Correlation of Body Mass Index, Skeletal Muscle, Subcutaneous and Visceral Adipose Tissue in Healthy Adults: A Cross Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 69-76
Author(s):  
NORBERT CSABA LUKÁCS
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Visceral Adipose Tissue ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visceral Adipose

ABSTRACT. Introduction. Obesity is one of the 21st century major health challenges. Adipose tissue is distributed in different proportions in the human body depending on where it is located in the body. The purpose of the research. This study aims to determine the relationship between body mass index, skeletal muscle, subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue in case of first year students of Partium Christian University from Oradea. Subjects and methods. The research included a sample group of 112 students. The analysis of the body composition was performed using the method of bioelectrical impedance. Results. The registered data reveal that 23% of the subjects were overweight or obese and 15% had a low percentage of skeletal muscle. Conclusions. In case of both genders there is a significant negative correlation between the percentage of skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissue and a significant negative correlation between the percentage of skeletal muscle and visceral adipose tissue.

scholarly journals DO DAILY STEP COUNTS DURING THE PANDEMIC AFFECT THE BODY COMPOSITION AND MENTAL WELL-BEING OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS?

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nazlı Yanar ◽  
Melek Güler
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Waist Hip Ratio ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aims to determine whether the number of daily steps is effective in the body composition and mental well-being of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. The research group of the study consisted of 40 volunteer students studying at the Faculty of Sport Sciences by being randomly assigned to the experimental (n:20) and control (n:20) groups. The research is in the experimental model with a pre-test/post-test control group. As a data collection tool in the study, the 'Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale' was used to determine the personal information form and mental well-being. The obtained data were analysed in the Jamovi 1.8.2 statistical software program with a 95% reliability interval and 5% margin of error. In the analysis of the data, percentage (%), frequency (f), and mean (x̄) values were used in the descriptive data, Paired Samples t-test was used in the pre-test/post-test comparison, and Multinomial Regression analysis was used in the relational analysis. According to the findings of the study, 75% of the students in the experimental group and 70% of the students in the control group were in the normal weight class according to the body mass index classification. According to waist-hip ratio classification, 85% of the experimental group and 70% of the control group were in the group that did not have cardiovascular disease risk. After two months of application, the daily average number of steps of the experimental group (12.5751898.1) and the daily average number of steps of the control group were determined as (5381.272026.2). While there was a statistically significant difference in the pre-test/post-test body mass index averages of the experimental group who were asked to take at least 10,000 steps per day (p0.05), although there was an increase in the mean waist-hip ratio and mental well-being, there was no statistically significant difference (p0.05). It was determined that the step average had a statistically significant effect on the experimental group according to the body mass index classification (p0.05). As a result, while taking at least 10,000 steps per day was effective in the body mass index of the students, it was not so in the waist-hip ratio and mental well-being. In this context, physical activity, and especially walking, can be recommended at the point of protecting health. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0881/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

scholarly journals Human Adipose Tissue Macrophages: M1 and M2 Cell Surface Markers in Subcutaneous and Omental Depots and after Weight Loss

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (11) ◽  
pp. 4619-4623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Judith Aron-Wisnewsky ◽  
Joan Tordjman ◽  
Christine Poitou ◽  
Froogh Darakhshan ◽  
Danielle Hugol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Gastric Surgery ◽  
Morbidly Obese ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Obese Women ◽  
Adipose Tissue Macrophages ◽  
Obese Subjects

Context: Macrophages accumulate in adipose tissue and possibly participate in metabolic complications in obesity. Macrophage number varies with adipose tissue site and weight loss, but whether this is accompanied by phenotypic changes is unknown. Objective: The objective of the study was to characterize the activation state of adipose tissue macrophages in human obesity. Design/Setting: We performed a single-center prospective study. Participants/Interventions: Paired biopsies of sc and omental adipose tissue were obtained during gastric surgery in 16 premenopausal obese women (aged 41.1 ± 8.6 yr; body mass index 43.8 ± 3.4 kg/m2). Subcutaneous adipose tissue biopsies were obtained 3 months later in obese subjects and in 10 nonobese women (aged 43.3 ± 3.5 yr; body mass index 22.5 ± 0.75 kg/m2). The number of macrophages stained with CD40, CD206, and CD163 surface markers was determined by immunochemistry. Main Outcomes: The number of CD40+ macrophages significantly increased with obesity and in omental vs. sc adipose tissue in obese women. No significant changes in CD163+ and CD206+ macrophage counts was found with obesity and fat pad anatomical location. Three months after gastric surgery, the ratio of CD40+ to CD206+ macrophages was 2-fold lower than before surgery in the sc adipose tissue of obese subjects (P &lt; 0.001) due to a concomitant decrease of CD40+ and increase of CD206+ macrophages counts. Conclusion: We suggest that the activation state of adipose tissue macrophages is weighted toward M1 over M2 status in obese subjects and switch to a less proinflammatory profile 3 months after gastric bypass. Immunohistochemistry analyses suggest that gastric surgery switches the activation state of adipose tissue macrophages towards a M2-oriented, less pro-inflammatory phenotype in morbidly obese subjects.

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