Diphosphonates and phosphate homoeostasis in man

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. McCloskey ◽  
A. J. P. Yates ◽  
R. E. S. Gray ◽  
N. A. T. Hamdy ◽  
J. Galloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Paget’S Disease ◽  
Paget's Disease ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Paget's Disease Of Bone ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

1. The effects of three intravenous diphosphonates (etidronate, clodronate and aminohexane diphosphonate) on phosphate homoeostasis were studied in 30 patients with Paget's disease of bone and in three patients with hypoparathyroidism. 2. In Paget's disease, all three diphosphonates induced significant increases in serum phosphate and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. This effect was most marked and persistent after etidronate, whereas in the clodronate- and aminohexane diphosphonate-treated patients the increases were less, of shorter duration and followed thereafter by significant decreases in serum phosphate and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. Unlike etidronate, both clodronate and aminohexane diphosphonate caused a significant reduction in serum and urinary calcium, with appropriate homoeostatic increases in immunoassayable parathyroid hormone. 3. Phosphaturic responses to infused parathyroid hormone were observed in two patients with etidronate-induced hyperphosphataemia. 4. In three hypoparathyroid patients, clodronate induced a more marked increase in serum phosphate and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate than in Paget‘s disease, which was of comparable degree but of shorter duration than that after etidronate in Paget's disease. 5. These findings suggest that all three diphosphonates increase renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate, but that this effect is attenuated with those diphosphonates which induce secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Effect of parathyroid hormone on renal tubular reabsorption of amino acids

Metabolism ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 715-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Short ◽  
Louis J. Elsas ◽  
Leon E. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

Paget’s Disease of Bone and Calcium Homeostasis: Focus on Bisphosphonate Treatment

2011 ◽  
Vol 119 (09) ◽  
pp. 519-524 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Polyzos ◽  
A. Anastasilakis ◽  
P. Makras ◽  
E. Terpos
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Vitamin D Deficiency ◽  
Bone Disease ◽  
Bone Mineralization ◽  
Paget’S Disease ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Paget's Disease ◽  
Paget’S Disease Of Bone ◽  
Paget's Disease Of Bone

AbstractPaget’s disease of bone (PDB) is the second most common metabolic bone disease. Bisphosphonates (BPs) are currently the drugs of choice for PDB. PDB and osteomalacia are both common in the elderly. The concept of relative vitamin D deficiency in patients with PDB was suggested long ago, but it has not yet elucidated. Both diseases predispose to fractures, but their combined action to fragility has not been studied yet. The older BPs, mainly etidronate, further inhibit bone mineralization. Mineralization defects have also been described in patients with PDB treated with pamidronate. Moreover, hypocalcemia and secondary hyperparathyroidism after treatment with BPs have been described in PDB. Hypocalcemia seems to be more severe after treatment with the more potent, intravenous zoledronic acid, which is currently the treatment of choice for PDB. The counteracting hyperparathyroidism pathophysiologically intends to increase renal reabsorption of calcium and 1.25-dihydroxy vitamin D production and to stimulate osteoclasts in order to prevent long-term hypocalcemia. However, the effect of PTH on osteoclasts is, at least partly, restricted in patients taking BPs. Secondary hyperparathyroidism is a potentially detrimental condition, especially in patients already suffering from another bone disease. Serum calcium and vitamin D deficiency should be restored before BP treatment and calcium and vitamin D administration should be possibly continued for longer after achieving normocalcemia, which may shorten the duration of secondary hyperparathyroidism.Mineralization defects and hypocalcemia with secondary hyperparathyroidism have been described in patients with Paget’s disease of bone treated with bisphosphonates. Secondary hyperparathyroidism may be a potentially detrimental condition for patients with Paget’s disease of bone.

INHIBITORY EFFECT OF CERTAIN AMINO ACIDS ON RENAL TUBULAR ABSORPTION OF PHOSPHATE

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred F. Michael ◽  
Keith N. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Hormone Action ◽  
Basic Amino Acids ◽  
Phosphate Excretion ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Tubular Absorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

Infusion of certain neutral L-amino acids (alanine, glycine, valine, and tryptophan) into dogs resulted in an inhibition of the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate and increased phosphate excretion. This was seen in both the parathyroidectomized animal and under conditions of exogenous parathormone infusion, indicating that the phosphaturia induced by amino acids is independent of parathyroid hormone action. This effect was stereospecific and did not occur with D-alanine; no effect was observed after infusion of the basic amino acids L-arginine and L-lysine.

PARATHYROID FUNCTION IN SPONTANEOUS PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM

1968 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. ADAMS ◽  
T. M. CHALMERS ◽  
B. L. RIGGS ◽  
J. D. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Parathyroid Function ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Renal Tubular

SUMMARY Calcium and phosphorus metabolism were studied in 22 patients with spontaneous primary hypothyroidism. Two patients were found to have hypercalcaemia but the mean serum calcium concentration of the group was significantly less than that of control subjects. The renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate was decreased and could be increased to normal with small calcium infusions. The response to calcium deprivation and to infusions of EDTA was abnormal and suggested an impaired ability to mobilize calcium from bone. There was a significant correlation between the defect in calcium mobilization, as judged from the response to EDTA, and the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. In three patients serum parathyroid hormone concentrations, measured by radioimmunoassay, were in the upper part of the normal range. It is suggested that in patients with hypothyroidism the target cells in bone are less responsive to the effects of parathyroid hormone than normal; as a consequence parathyroid hormone secretion may be increased.

Effects of Parathyroid Hormone on Sodium and Calcium Transport in the Dog Nephron

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. L. Sutton ◽  
N. L. M. Wong ◽  
J. H. Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Calcium Transport ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Puncture Site ◽  
Calcium Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Selective Enhancement ◽  
Bovine Parathyroid Hormone

1. The effect of purified bovine parathyroid hormone on renal tubular reabsorption of sodium and calcium has been studied by micropuncture in intact and recently thyroparathyroidectomized dogs. 2. Parathyroid hormone increased the rejection of sodium and calcium proportionately at the late proximal tubule in both intact and operated dogs. 3. In both groups of dogs, there was increased delivery of sodium and calcium to the distal tubule after the hormone. However, the Ca/Na ratio decreased, suggesting some selective enhancement of calcium reabsorption before the superficial distal puncture site. 4. In the final urine, the Ca/Na ratio decreased highly significantly in both groups of dogs, indicating a further selective effect of parathyroid hormone on calcium reabsorption in or beyond the distal convoluted tubule.

Direct and indirect assessment of the parathyroid hormone response to pamidronate therapy in Paget's disease of bone and hypercalcaemia of malignancy

1991 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
William D. Fraser ◽  
Fraser C. Logue ◽  
Stephen J. Gallacher ◽  
Denis St.J. O'Reilly ◽  
Graham H. Beastall ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Paget’S Disease ◽  
Paget's Disease ◽  
Paget’S Disease Of Bone ◽  
Paget's Disease Of Bone ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Indirect Assessment ◽  
Pamidronate Therapy

Effects of Exogenous Parathyroid Hormone on the Renal Tubular Reabsorption of Calcium in man

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 8P-9P
Author(s):  
J. S. Woodhead ◽  
D. A. Walker ◽  
S. J. Davies ◽  
C. J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

The mechanism of hypocalcaemia following thyroidectomy

1985 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 220-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard C. Percival ◽  
Arthur W. Hargreaves ◽  
John A. Kanis
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Partial Thyroidectomy ◽  
Renal Tubular

Abstract. The mechanism of transient hypocalcaemia following thyroidectomy was studied in 29 consecutive patients undergoing thyroid surgery. Eight of 27 (30%) patients who had a partial thyroidectomy developed transient hypocalcaemia. Hypocalcaemia was attributable to a reduction in renal tubular reabsorption of calcium (P < 0.05), but was not associated with changes in serum values of immunoassayable parathyroid hormone or calcitonin.

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