Effects of Parathyroid Hormone on Sodium and Calcium Transport in the Dog Nephron

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 345-351 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. A. L. Sutton ◽  
N. L. M. Wong ◽  
J. H. Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Calcium Transport ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Puncture Site ◽  
Calcium Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Selective Enhancement ◽  
Bovine Parathyroid Hormone

1. The effect of purified bovine parathyroid hormone on renal tubular reabsorption of sodium and calcium has been studied by micropuncture in intact and recently thyroparathyroidectomized dogs. 2. Parathyroid hormone increased the rejection of sodium and calcium proportionately at the late proximal tubule in both intact and operated dogs. 3. In both groups of dogs, there was increased delivery of sodium and calcium to the distal tubule after the hormone. However, the Ca/Na ratio decreased, suggesting some selective enhancement of calcium reabsorption before the superficial distal puncture site. 4. In the final urine, the Ca/Na ratio decreased highly significantly in both groups of dogs, indicating a further selective effect of parathyroid hormone on calcium reabsorption in or beyond the distal convoluted tubule.

Renal tubular reabsorption of calcium and sodium in primary hyperparathyroidism

1990 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan H. Kristiansen ◽  
Jens Brøchner-Mortensen ◽  
Kaj O. Pedersen ◽  
Søren Jensen ◽  
Torben Glud
Keyword(s):  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
Calcium Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Reabsorption Rate

Abstract. Nine patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were studied to investigate the renal tubular reabsorption of calcium and sodium. Fasting serum and urine samples were analysed, and the glomerular filtration rate and the renal plasma clearance of lithium were determined simultaneously. Comparison was made with 9 ageand sex-matched normocalcemic controls. In the proximal tubule, there was a significantly higher absolute reabsorption of calcium in patients than in controls, whereas the fractional reabsorption rate of calcium did not differ between the two groups. In the distal tubule, the absolute calcium reabsorption rate was significantly higher in the patients, whereas the fractional reabsorption rate of calcium was significantly lower than in controls. In the patient group there was a significantly positive linear correlation between the increased tubular capacity for calsium reabsorption and the absolute proximal calcium reabsorption rate, but not between the increased capacity and the absolute distal calcium reabsorption rate. No significant differences were found in the renal tubular handling of sodium between patients and controls. Our results suggest that the increased capacity for tubular calcium reabsorption in primary hyperparathyroidism mainly is localized in the proximal tubule, and that the renal tubular handling of calcium and sodium in this disease differs from that in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia.

Micropuncture study of renal tubular reabsorption of calcium in normal rodents

1963 ◽  
Vol 204 (5) ◽  
pp. 771-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
William E. Lassiter ◽  
Carl W. Gottschalk ◽  
Margaret Mylle
Keyword(s):  
Proximal Tubule ◽  
Active Transport ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Loop Of Henle ◽  
Anesthetized Rats ◽  
Micropuncture Study ◽  
Calcium Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Distal Convolution

Anesthetized rats and hamsters were given Ca45 intravenously, and fluid was subsequently collected by micropuncture from glomeruli and surface tubules in the rats, and from loops of Henle in the hamsters. In nondiuretic animals, fluid:plasma calcium ratios averaged 0.71 in the glomerulus; 0.76 in the proximal tubule; 2.0 in the loop of Henle; 0.47 in the distal convolution; and 0.9 in ureteral urine. In mannitol diuresis, the calcium ratio of glomerular fluid was unchanged, but ratios as low as 0.21 were noted in the proximal tubule. In this circumstance, the average proximal ratio was 0.61, and the distal ratio 0.07. These results indicate active transport of calcium out of all major parts of the nephron, with the bulk of calcium reabsorption occurring in the convoluted portion of the proximal tubule. Furthermore, the pattern of tubular reabsorption of calcium is similar to that of sodium, suggesting that the two are related.

Effect of parathyroid hormone on renal tubular reabsorption of amino acids

Metabolism ◽  
1974 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 715-727 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth M. Short ◽  
Louis J. Elsas ◽  
Leon E. Rosenberg
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

Enhanced distal absorption of potassium by magnesium-deficient rats

1985 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 625-630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norman L. M. Wong ◽  
Roger A. L. Sutton ◽  
Viroon Mavichak ◽  
Gary A. Quamme ◽  
John H. Dirks
Keyword(s):  
Potassium Chloride ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Potassium Secretion ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Potassium Retention

1. The effect of acute potassium infusion on renal tubular reabsorption of potassium by magnesium-deficient and pair-fed control rats has been studied by the recollection micropuncture method. 2. During potassium chloride infusion, the amount of potassium remaining in the distal tubule is lower in magnesium-deficient than in pair-fed rats. This could be due to a reduction in potassium secretion or to an enhancement of potassium reabsorption. 3. The present study demonstrates enhanced renal potassium retention in the magnesium-deficient rat, and is in contrast to previous reports of renal potassium wasting in this circumstance.

INHIBITORY EFFECT OF CERTAIN AMINO ACIDS ON RENAL TUBULAR ABSORPTION OF PHOSPHATE

1967 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfred F. Michael ◽  
Keith N. Drummond
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Hormone Action ◽  
Basic Amino Acids ◽  
Phosphate Excretion ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Tubular Absorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

Infusion of certain neutral L-amino acids (alanine, glycine, valine, and tryptophan) into dogs resulted in an inhibition of the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate and increased phosphate excretion. This was seen in both the parathyroidectomized animal and under conditions of exogenous parathormone infusion, indicating that the phosphaturia induced by amino acids is independent of parathyroid hormone action. This effect was stereospecific and did not occur with D-alanine; no effect was observed after infusion of the basic amino acids L-arginine and L-lysine.

Renal tubular reabsorption of calcium in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia

1986 ◽  
Vol 112 (4) ◽  
pp. 541-546 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Kristiansen ◽  
J. Brøchner-Mortensen ◽  
K. O. Pedersen
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Clearance ◽  
Renal Tubule ◽  
Distal Tubule ◽  
Significant Linear Correlation ◽  
Calcium Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Proximal Tubular ◽  
The Absolute ◽  
Renal Tubular ◽  
Tubular Calcium Reabsorption

Abstract. To investigate the nephron site of the enhanced tubular calcium reabsorption in familial hypocalciuric hypercalcaemia (FHH), the renal plasma clearance of lithium and calcium and the glomerular filtration rate were determined simultanously after an overnight fast in nine FHH patients and ten healthy controls. As the renal plasma clearance of lithium equals the rate of the proximal tubular fluid delivered into the thin descending loop of Henle's loop, the reabsorption of calcium in the proximal and distal tubule, respectively, could be calculated. We found that the FHH patients had a significantly higher fractional calcium reabsorption in the proximal tubule (77.6 ± 4.7 (%) vs 73.3 ± 3.1, P < 0.05). The same held true for the absolute proximal calcium reabsorption (1.49 ± 0.12 (mmol/l) vs 1.07 ± 0.05, P < 0.001). There was a significant linear correlation between the increased tubular capacity for calcium reabsorption and the absolute proximal calcium reabsorption (r = 0.70, P < 0.05). The distal tubular calcium reabsorption did not differ in the two groups. Our results therefore suggest that the enhanced tubular calcium reabsorption in FHH takes place exclusively in the proximal renal tubule.

PARATHYROID FUNCTION IN SPONTANEOUS PRIMARY HYPOTHYROIDISM

1968 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 467-475 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. ADAMS ◽  
T. M. CHALMERS ◽  
B. L. RIGGS ◽  
J. D. JONES
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Primary Hypothyroidism ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Target Cells ◽  
Serum Calcium Concentration ◽  
Parathyroid Function ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Renal Tubular

SUMMARY Calcium and phosphorus metabolism were studied in 22 patients with spontaneous primary hypothyroidism. Two patients were found to have hypercalcaemia but the mean serum calcium concentration of the group was significantly less than that of control subjects. The renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate was decreased and could be increased to normal with small calcium infusions. The response to calcium deprivation and to infusions of EDTA was abnormal and suggested an impaired ability to mobilize calcium from bone. There was a significant correlation between the defect in calcium mobilization, as judged from the response to EDTA, and the renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. In three patients serum parathyroid hormone concentrations, measured by radioimmunoassay, were in the upper part of the normal range. It is suggested that in patients with hypothyroidism the target cells in bone are less responsive to the effects of parathyroid hormone than normal; as a consequence parathyroid hormone secretion may be increased.

Diphosphonates and phosphate homoeostasis in man

1988 ◽  
Vol 74 (6) ◽  
pp. 607-612 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. V. McCloskey ◽  
A. J. P. Yates ◽  
R. E. S. Gray ◽  
N. A. T. Hamdy ◽  
J. Galloway ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Secondary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Paget’S Disease ◽  
Paget's Disease ◽  
Urinary Calcium ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Serum Phosphate ◽  
Paget's Disease Of Bone ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular

1. The effects of three intravenous diphosphonates (etidronate, clodronate and aminohexane diphosphonate) on phosphate homoeostasis were studied in 30 patients with Paget's disease of bone and in three patients with hypoparathyroidism. 2. In Paget's disease, all three diphosphonates induced significant increases in serum phosphate and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. This effect was most marked and persistent after etidronate, whereas in the clodronate- and aminohexane diphosphonate-treated patients the increases were less, of shorter duration and followed thereafter by significant decreases in serum phosphate and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. Unlike etidronate, both clodronate and aminohexane diphosphonate caused a significant reduction in serum and urinary calcium, with appropriate homoeostatic increases in immunoassayable parathyroid hormone. 3. Phosphaturic responses to infused parathyroid hormone were observed in two patients with etidronate-induced hyperphosphataemia. 4. In three hypoparathyroid patients, clodronate induced a more marked increase in serum phosphate and renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate than in Paget‘s disease, which was of comparable degree but of shorter duration than that after etidronate in Paget's disease. 5. These findings suggest that all three diphosphonates increase renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate, but that this effect is attenuated with those diphosphonates which induce secondary hyperparathyroidism.

Effects of Exogenous Parathyroid Hormone on the Renal Tubular Reabsorption of Calcium in man

1978 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 8P-9P
Author(s):  
J. S. Woodhead ◽  
D. A. Walker ◽  
S. J. Davies ◽  
C. J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Parathyroid Hormone ◽  
Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular Reabsorption ◽  
Renal Tubular
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