Human atrial natriuretic polypeptide during escape from mineralocorticoid excess in man

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isamu Miyamori ◽  
Masatoshi Ikeda ◽  
Takao Matsubara ◽  
Shinya Okamoto ◽  
Hideo Koshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Abrupt Increase ◽  
The Third ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fludrocortisone Acetate ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. Plasma concentrations of human α-atrial natriuretic polypeptide (h-αANP) during escape from the effects of mineralocorticoid excess were determined in six healthy volunteers. 2. Escape, as indicated by an abrupt increase in sodium excretion on the third to sixth day of 9α-fludrocortisone acetate administration (0.6 mg/day), was observed in all subjects. 3. The mean plasma h-αANP level was 30.9 ± sem 8.8 pmol/l on the control day; it increased exponentially in response to 9α-fludrocortisone acetate administration, reached a significant level (114.0 ± 22.4 pmol/l, P < 0.05) on the day before escape and remained elevated during escape. 4. The 24 h creatinine clearance and blood pressure did not change significantly before the escape. Plasma h-αANP increased markedly when the cumulative sodium balance exceeded 220 mmol. 5. These results suggest that h-αANP may play a contributory role in natriuresis and diuresis after mineralocorticoid excess.

Relationship between the renin–aldosterone system and atrial natriuretic polypeptide in rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Hirata ◽  
Masao Ishii ◽  
Tokuichiro Sugimoto ◽  
Matsuoka Hiroaki ◽  
Toshihiko Ishimitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide ◽  
Body Fluid Volume ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. In order to examine the relationship between the renin–aldosterone system and atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP), we investigated the effects of α-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (α-hANP) on the plasma concentrations of renin (PRC) and aldosterone (PAC), as well as the effects of captopril pretreatment on the natriuresis and blood pressure reduction induced by α-hANP in rats. 2. Although α-hANP infused into conscious rats at 0.67 μg min−1 kg−1 markedly increased the urinary excretion of sodium and decreased mean arterial pressure, its infusion did not change PRC; however, it significantly lowered PAC. Frusemide infusion at 20.8 μg min−1 kg−1 induced natriuresis comparable with that of α-hANP and it elevated both PRC and PAC, but mean arterial pressure was not altered. 3. Pretreatment of rats with captopril did not have any significant influence on the acute natriuretic and hypotensive effects of α-hANP. 4. Although the inhibitory effect of ANP on the renin-aldosterone system may be involved in the chronic modulation of body fluid volume and blood pressure, this effect does not seem to be directly involved in the acute natriuretic and hypotensive effects of the peptide.

Diurnal change in plasma atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 489-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Richards ◽  
G. Tonolo ◽  
R. Fraser ◽  
J. J. Morton ◽  
B. J. Leckie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Antidiuretic Hormone ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Diurnal Changes ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. Diurnal changes in plasma concentrations of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP), renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, Cortisol and antidiuretic hormone were investigated in seven normal volunteers studied under standardized conditions of dietary sodium, posture and physical activity. After completion of the diurnal study serial measurements of these variables were continued during, and on recovery from, a 2 day period of severe sodium depletion. 2. Clear diurnal variations in plasma concentrations of renin, angiotensin II, aldosterone, Cortisol and antidiuretic hormone were observed. 3. Plasma ANP concentrations also varied significantly over 24 h. Values peaked about mid-day and a distinct trough in peptide concentrations occurred in the early evening. However, variations in plasma ANP values were of relatively small amplitude and not clearly independent of modest parallel shifts in sodium balance. 4. Changes in plasma ANP concentrations both within the diurnal study period and during sodium deprivation were closely and positively correlated with concomitant changes in cumulative sodium balance. 5. No simple parallel or reciprocal relationships between plasma concentrations of ANP, on the one hand, and concurrent plasma concentrations of other hormones or in the rate of urinary sodium excretion, on the other, were observed during the 25 h of the diurnal study.

Risk Factors for Early Mortality in U.S. Peritoneal Dialysis Patients: Impact of Residual Renal Function

2002 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 371-379 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Michael V. Rocco ◽  
Diane L. Frankenfield ◽  
Barbara Prowant ◽  
Pamela Frederick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Function ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Serum Albumin ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Dialysis Patients ◽  
The Mean

Background Potential risk factors for 1-year mortality, including the peritoneal component of dialysis dose, residual renal function, demographic data, hematocrit, serum albumin, dialysate-to-plasma creatinine ratio, and blood pressure, were examined in a national cohort of peritoneal dialysis patients randomly selected for the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) Core Indicators Project. Methods The study involved retrospective analysis of a cohort of 1219 patients receiving chronic peritoneal dialysis who were alive on December 31, 1996. Results During the 1-year follow-up period, 275 patients were censored and 200 non censored patients died. Among the 763 patients who had at least one calculable adequacy measure, the mean [± standard deviation (SD)] weekly Kt/V urea was 2.16 ± 0.61 and the mean weekly creatinine clearance was 66.1 ± 24.4 L/1.73 m2. Excluding the 365 patients who were anuric, the mean (±SD) urinary weekly Kt/V urea was 0.64 ± 0.52 (median: 0.51) and the mean (±SD) urinary weekly creatinine clearance was 31.0 ± 23.3 L/1.73 m2 (median: 26.3 L/1.73 m2). By Cox proportional hazard modeling, lower quartiles of renal Kt/V urea were predictive of 1-year mortality; lower quartiles of renal creatinine clearance were of borderline significance for predicting 1-year mortality. The dialysate component of neither the weekly creatinine clearance nor the weekly Kt/V urea were predictive of 1-year mortality. Other predictors of 1-year mortality ( p < 0.01) included lower serum albumin level, older age, and the presence of diabetes mellitus as the cause of ESRD, and, for the creatinine clearance model only, lower diastolic blood pressure. Conclusion Residual renal function is an important predictor of 1-year mortality in chronic peritoneal dialysis patients.

scholarly journals Comparison of Plasma and Intrapulmonary Concentrations of Nafithromycin (WCK 4873) in Healthy Adult Subjects

2017 ◽  
Vol 61 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith A. Rodvold ◽  
Mark H. Gotfried ◽  
Rakesh Chugh ◽  
Mugdha Gupta ◽  
H. David Friedland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Adult ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Total Plasma ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
The Third ◽  
Elimination Half ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Repeated Dosing ◽  
Tract Infections

ABSTRACT The nafithromycin concentrations in the plasma, epithelial lining fluid (ELF), and alveolar macrophages (AM) of 37 healthy adult subjects were measured following repeated dosing of oral nafithromycin at 800 mg once daily for 3 days. The values of noncompartmental pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters were determined from serial plasma samples collected over a 24-h interval following the first and third oral doses. Each subject underwent one standardized bronchoscopy with bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) at 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, or 48 h after the third dose of nafithromycin. The mean ± standard deviation values of the plasma PK parameters after the first and third doses included maximum plasma concentrations (C max) of 1.02 ± 0.31 μg/ml and 1.39 ± 0.36 μg/ml, respectively; times to C max of 3.97 ± 1.30 h and 3.69 ± 1.28 h, respectively; clearances of 67.3 ± 21.3 liters/h and 52.4 ± 18.5 liters/h, respectively, and elimination half-lives of 7.7 ± 1.1 h and 9.1 ± 1.7 h, respectively. The values of the area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) from time zero to 24 h postdosing (AUC0–24) for nafithromycin based on the mean or median total plasma concentrations at BAL fluid sampling times were 16.2 μg · h/ml. For ELF, the respective AUC0–24 values based on the mean and median concentrations were 224.1 and 176.3 μg · h/ml, whereas for AM, the respective AUC0–24 values were 8,538 and 5,894 μg · h/ml. Penetration ratios based on ELF and total plasma AUC0–24 values based on the mean and median concentrations were 13.8 and 10.9, respectively, whereas the ratios of the AM to total plasma concentrations based on the mean and median concentrations were 527 and 364, respectively. The sustained ELF and AM concentrations for 48 h after the third dose suggest that nafithromycin has the potential to be a useful agent for the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections. (This study has been registered at ClinicalTrials.gov under registration no. NCT02453529.)

Plasma concentrations of α-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide and cyclic GMP in patients with heart disease

1987 ◽  
Vol 113 (6) ◽  
pp. 1463-1469 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Hirata ◽  
Masao Ishii ◽  
Hiroaki Matsuoka ◽  
Tokuichiro Sugimoto ◽  
Masahiko Iizuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Cyclic Gmp ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

scholarly journals Effect of α-rat Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide on Blood Pressure in Rats Bilateral Renal Vessels Ligated

1985 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 699-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshiro Sogawa ◽  
Masahiro Kihara ◽  
Masayuki Mano ◽  
Kazuwa Nakao ◽  
Akira Sugawara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide ◽  
Renal Vessels ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Effect of human α-atrial natriuretic polypeptide on adrenocortical function in man

1986 ◽  
Vol 110 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Ohashi ◽  
N. Fujio ◽  
K. Kato ◽  
H. Nawata ◽  
H. Ibayashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Pretreatment Level ◽  
Plasma Aldosterone Concentration ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Disease Free ◽  
Basal Concentration ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

ABSTRACT To determine the effects of atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP) on plasma levels of ACTH, cortisol, aldosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), synthetic human α-ANP (hα-ANP) was infused i.v. into eight normotensive, disease-free volunteers, at a dose and duration previously found to be sufficient to produce apparent cardiovascular and renal effects. The mean basal concentration of plasma ACTH determined by radioimmunoassay was 18·2 ± 3·1 ng/l. Plasma ACTH concentrations tended to be decreased during the infusion in all subjects. However, the change in plasma ACTH concentrations during infusion of hα-ANP was essentially the same as that during the infusion of saline. The mean plasma cortisol concentration was significantly suppressed from 25 to 40 min after the end of synthetic hα-ANP infusion. At 90 min after infusion, the mean plasma level of cortisol reverted to the pretreatment level. There was a non-significant increase in plasma renin activity following the infusion. The mean plasma aldosterone concentration was reduced by 15% (P < 0·05) during the infusion and returned to preinfusion levels 10 min after termination of the infusion, after which the mean plasma concentration declined to the level seen during infusion. Administration of hα-ANP had no significant influence on plasma DHEA concentrations, but there was a tendency to decrease during the infusion. Our data suggest that synthetic hα-ANP inhibits adrenocortical steroidogenesis in man. J. Endocr. (1986) 110, 287–292

Elevated angiotensin II and vasopressin in primary hyperparathyroidism. Angiotensin II infusion studies before and after removal of the parathyroid adenoma

1989 ◽  
Vol 120 (3) ◽  
pp. 362-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Jespersen ◽  
E. B. Pedersen ◽  
P. Charles ◽  
H. Danielsen ◽  
H. Juhl
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Angiotensin Ii ◽  
Primary Hyperparathyroidism ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Arginine Vasopressin ◽  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

Abstract. In order to evaluate the role of calcium metabolism in blood pressure regulation, 15 patients with primary hyperparathyroidism and 9 healthy control subjects were studied before and during angiotensin II infusion. The patients were re-investigated 2–5 months after removal of the parathyroid adenoma. Blood pressure, plasma levels of angiotensin II, aldosterone, arginine vasopressin, and atrial natriuretic peptide, and creatinine clearance were determined. Blood pressure and the blood pressure response to angiotensin II infusion were both the same before and after the operation. Angiotensin II and arginine vasopressin during basal conditions were significantly higher before than after the operation (angiotensin II: 17 (median) to 10 pmol/l, P < 0.02; arginine vasopressin: 2.9 to 1.9 pmol/l, P < 0.01), whereas aldosterone, atrial natriuretic peptide, and creatinine clearance were unchanged. During angiotensin II infusion, aldosterone, arginine vasopressin, and atrial natriuretic peptide increased to approximately the same levels before and after the operation. Blood pressure was not correlated to any of the hormones measured. Thus, patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have elevated plasma levels of angiotensin II and arginine vasopressin which may be compensatory phenomena counteracting volume depletion owing to a decreased renal concentrating ability induced by hypercalcemia, and owing to PTH-induced inhibition of renal sodium reabsorption.

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