Relationship between the renin–aldosterone system and atrial natriuretic polypeptide in rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasunobu Hirata ◽  
Masao Ishii ◽  
Tokuichiro Sugimoto ◽  
Matsuoka Hiroaki ◽  
Toshihiko Ishimitsu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Blood Pressure Reduction ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide ◽  
Body Fluid Volume ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. In order to examine the relationship between the renin–aldosterone system and atrial natriuretic polypeptide (ANP), we investigated the effects of α-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (α-hANP) on the plasma concentrations of renin (PRC) and aldosterone (PAC), as well as the effects of captopril pretreatment on the natriuresis and blood pressure reduction induced by α-hANP in rats. 2. Although α-hANP infused into conscious rats at 0.67 μg min−1 kg−1 markedly increased the urinary excretion of sodium and decreased mean arterial pressure, its infusion did not change PRC; however, it significantly lowered PAC. Frusemide infusion at 20.8 μg min−1 kg−1 induced natriuresis comparable with that of α-hANP and it elevated both PRC and PAC, but mean arterial pressure was not altered. 3. Pretreatment of rats with captopril did not have any significant influence on the acute natriuretic and hypotensive effects of α-hANP. 4. Although the inhibitory effect of ANP on the renin-aldosterone system may be involved in the chronic modulation of body fluid volume and blood pressure, this effect does not seem to be directly involved in the acute natriuretic and hypotensive effects of the peptide.

Human atrial natriuretic polypeptide during escape from mineralocorticoid excess in man

1987 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 431-436 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isamu Miyamori ◽  
Masatoshi Ikeda ◽  
Takao Matsubara ◽  
Shinya Okamoto ◽  
Hideo Koshida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Creatinine Clearance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Abrupt Increase ◽  
The Third ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Fludrocortisone Acetate ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

1. Plasma concentrations of human α-atrial natriuretic polypeptide (h-αANP) during escape from the effects of mineralocorticoid excess were determined in six healthy volunteers. 2. Escape, as indicated by an abrupt increase in sodium excretion on the third to sixth day of 9α-fludrocortisone acetate administration (0.6 mg/day), was observed in all subjects. 3. The mean plasma h-αANP level was 30.9 ± sem 8.8 pmol/l on the control day; it increased exponentially in response to 9α-fludrocortisone acetate administration, reached a significant level (114.0 ± 22.4 pmol/l, P < 0.05) on the day before escape and remained elevated during escape. 4. The 24 h creatinine clearance and blood pressure did not change significantly before the escape. Plasma h-αANP increased markedly when the cumulative sodium balance exceeded 220 mmol. 5. These results suggest that h-αANP may play a contributory role in natriuresis and diuresis after mineralocorticoid excess.

Physiological elevation in plasma angiotensinogen increases blood pressure

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (5) ◽  
pp. R1437-R1441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph P. R. Klett ◽  
Joey P. Granger
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Femoral Vein ◽  
Formation Rate ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Arterial Blood

Hepatic angiotensinogen secretion is controlled by a complex pattern of physiological or pathophysiological mediators. Because plasma concentrations of angiotensinogen are close to the Michaelis-Menten constant, it was hypothesized that changes in circulating angiotensinogen affect the formation rate of ANG I and ANG II and, therefore, blood pressure. To further test this hypothesis, we injected purified rat angiotensinogen intravenously in Sprague-Dawley rats via the femoral vein and measured mean arterial blood pressure after arterial catheterization. In controls, mean arterial pressure was 131 ± 2 mmHg before and after the injection of vehicle (sterile saline). The injection of 0.8, 1.2, and 2.9 mg/kg angiotensinogen caused a dose-dependent increase in mean arterial blood pressure of 8 ± 0.4, 19.3 ± 2.1, and 32 ± 2.4 mmHg, respectively. In contrast, the injection of a purified rabbit anti-rat angiotensinogen antibody (1.4 mg/kg) resulted in a significant decrease in mean arterial pressure (−33 ± 3.2 mmHg). Plasma angiotensinogen increased to 769 ± 32, 953 ± 42, and 1,289 ± 79 pmol/ml, respectively, after substrate and decreased by 361 ± 28 pmol/ml after antibody administration. Alterations in plasma angiotensinogen correlated well with changes in plasma renin activity. In summary, variations in circulating angiotensinogen can result in changes in blood pressure. In contrast to renin, which is known as a tonic regulator for the generation of ANG I, angiotensinogen may be a factor rather important for long-term control of the basal activity of the renin-angiotensin system.

scholarly journals Effects of .ALPHA.-human atrial natriuretic polypeptide (.ALPHA.-hANP) on the main regulatory mechanisms for blood pressure and body fluid volume in rats.

1985 ◽  
Vol 49 (9) ◽  
pp. 969-972 ◽  
Author(s):  
MASAO ISHII ◽  
HIROAKI MATSUOKA ◽  
YASUNOBU HIRATA ◽  
TOKUICHIRO SUGIMOTO ◽  
TOSHIHIKO ISHIMITSU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Fluid Volume ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Polypeptide ◽  
Body Fluid Volume ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

scholarly journals Contribution of serum lipids as effect modifiers to a relationship between mean arterial pressure and coronary heart disease in Chinese rural population: the Henan Rural Cohort Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e029179
Author(s):  
Xia Zhang ◽  
Yuqian Li ◽  
Yanhua Wang ◽  
Kai Hu ◽  
Runqi Tu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Coronary Heart Disease ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Rural Population ◽  
Serum Lipids ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and coronary heart disease (CHD) in Chinese rural population. In addition, we hypothesised that this relationship might be mediated by some degree of serum lipids.DesignThis is a cross-sectional study.SettingThe participants were from the Henan Rural Cohort Study, initiated in five rural areas (Tongxu county of Kaifeng city, Yima county of Sanmenxia city, Suiping county of Zhumadian city, Xinxiang county of Xinxiang city and Yuzhou county of Xuchang city) in Henan Province, China, during July 2015 and September 2017.ParticipantsThe study included 39 020 subjects aged 18–79 years as current research population.Outcome measuresSystolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were measured using an electronic sphygmomanometer. MAP was calculated by one-third SBP plus two-thirds DBP. The study used restricted cubic splines and logistic regression models to evaluate the ORs and 95% CIs. Mediation analysis using bootstrap was performed to examine the contribution of serum lipids to MAP-related CHD.ResultsThe adjusted OR (95% CI) for the highest MAP quartile with the risk of CHD was 1.45 (1.24 to 1.69) compared with the lowest quartile. Simultaneously, each 1-SD increment in MAP was significantly associated with a 12% increased risk of CHD. A linear dose–response relationship between MAP and CHD was found (p value for non-linear=0.1169) in the fully adjusted model. We further reported that 36.07% of proportion explained risk of CHD was mediated through serum lipids.ConclusionsIncreased MAP was a significant marker of CHD in Chinese rural population. Meanwhile, the relationship was mediated by some degree of serum lipids, and triglyceride was the strongest mediator.Trial registration numberHenan Rural Cohort study has been registered at Chinese Clinical Trial Register (ChiCTR-OOC-15006699) and the stage it relates to is Post-results.

scholarly journals Two novel microRNAs and their association with absolute blood pressure parameters in an urban South African community

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 2553-2560
Author(s):  
Don M. Matshazi ◽  
Cecil J. Weale ◽  
Rajiv T. Erasmus ◽  
Andre P. Kengne ◽  
Saarah F. G. Davids ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Hypertension Status ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Urban South ◽  
African Community ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractMicroRNAs are important in development of disease, and description of novel microRNAs adds to the pool of microRNAs that can be targeted for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes in disease. Herein, we aimed to describe novel microRNAs in a normotensive and hypertensive African population and relate their expression to blood pressure parameters and hypertension status. Previous work using next-generation sequencing showed differential expression of two novel microRNAs in the blood of normotensives and hypertensives. Herein, we have investigated these novel microRNAs by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in a cohort of 881 participants in this study. The relationship between the novel microRNAs and systolic and diastolic blood pressure as well as mean arterial pressure was also investigated. Age and sex-adjusted Spearman’s correlations were used to assess the relationship between microRNAs and cardiovascular risk profile variables whilst multivariable logistic regression models were used to assess the association of microRNAs with screen-detected and known hypertension. The novel microRNAs (miR-novel-chr1_36178 and miR-novel-chr15_18383) were significantly dysregulated by hypertension status. The expression of miR-novel-chr1_36178 differed according to sex, correlated with mean arterial pressure and systolic and diastolic blood pressure at higher levels of expression and was associated with screen-detected hypertension. The association of miR-novel-chr1_36178 expression with mean arterial pressure and systolic and diastolic blood pressure, as well as its dysregulation according to hypertension status suggests its possible utility as a biomarker target for hypertension diagnosis and/or therapeutics. Furthermore, its association with screen detected hypertension and dose-response relationship with blood pressure suggests it may be used to identify and monitor individuals at risk of hypertension.

White Matter Hyperintensities and Apolipoprotein E Affect the Association Between Mean Arterial Pressure and Objective and Subjective Cognitive Functioning in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Youjin Jung ◽  
Raymond P. Viviano ◽  
Sanneke van Rooden ◽  
Jeroen van der Grond ◽  
Serge A.R.B. Rombouts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
White Matter Hyperintensities ◽  
Whole Brain ◽  
The Relationship

Background: White matter hyperintensities (WMH) show a robust relationship with arterial pressure as well as objective and subjective cognitive functioning. In addition, APOE ɛ4 carriership may influence how arterial pressure affects cognitive functioning. Objective: To determine the role of region-specific WMH burden and APOE ɛ4 carriership on the relationship between mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cognitive function as well as subjective cognitive decline (SCD). Methods: The sample consisted of 87 cognitively unimpaired middle-aged to older adults aged 50–85. We measured WMH volume for the whole brain, anterior thalamic radiation (ATR), forceps minor, and superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). We examined whether WMH burden mediated the relationship between MAP and cognition (i.e., TMT-A score for processing speed; Stroop performance for executive function) as well as SCD (i.e., Frequency of Forgetting (FoF)), and whether APOE ɛ4 carriership moderated that mediation. Results: WMH burden within SLF mediated the effect of MAP on Stroop performance. Both whole brain and ATR WMH burden mediated the effect of MAP on FoF score. In the MAP–WMH–Stroop relationship, the mediation effect of SLF WMH and the effect of MAP on SLF WMH were significant only in APOE ɛ4 carriers. In the MAP–WMH–FoF relationship, the effect of MAP on whole brain WMH burden was significant only in ɛ4 carriers. Conclusion: WMH burden and APOE genotype explain the link between blood pressure and cognitive function and may enable a more accurate assessment of the effect of high blood pressure on cognitive decline and risk for dementia.

scholarly journals High Ultrafiltration Increasing Intradialytic Blood Pressure on Hemodialysis Patients

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Yunie Armiyati ◽  
Suharyo Hadisaputro ◽  
Shofa Chasani ◽  
Untung Sujianto
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Hemodialysis Patients ◽  
Ultrafiltration Rate ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Controlling Variables ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
The Relationship

The increase in blood pressure when the patient is undergoing hemodialysis is experienced by patients with intradialytic hypertension. This condition can be very dangerous for the patient, must be prevented and needs to be controlled. Prevention can be done by controlling variables that can affect intradialytic blood pressure, including ultrafiltration during hemodialysis. This study aims to analyze the relationship between ultrafiltration (ultrafiltration goal, ultrafiltration rate) and intradialytic blood pressure. This research was a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design, with 112 samples at two centres of dialysis in Semarang. Data were analyzed using the Spearman Rho. The finding obtained showed that ultrafiltration goal (UFG) and ultrafiltration rate (UFR) correlated with intradialytic blood pressure (systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure). The magnitude of UFG an associated with increase in intradialytic systolic (p=0,024; r=0,213), increase in intradialytic diastolic (p=0,007; r=0,252) and increase in mean arterial pressure (p=0,016; r=0,227). High UFR is associated with with increase in intradialytic systolic (p=0,037; r=0,211), increase in intradialytic diastolic (p=0,001; r=0,320) and increase in mean arterial pressure (p=0,034; r=0,200). Determination of ultrafiltration during hemodialysis must be done carefully and precisely to prevent an increase in intradialytic blood pressure.

CHARACTERISTICS OF 24-HOUR BLOOD PRESSURE INDICATORS IN PATIENTS WITH HYPERTENSION AND CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE

2020 ◽  
pp. 31-41
Author(s):  
M.A. Bubnova ◽  
O.N. Kryuchkova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Patients with hypertension (HT) and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) have a high risk of cardiovascular complications. Up to now, there is no optimal strategy for combined antihypertensive therapy. Still, the data of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring (BPM) are important while choosing treatment tactics. The aim of the paper is to study the features of indicators in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and COPD. Materials and methods. 130 patients with HT were included in the study. The main group (n=90) included comorbid patients with HT and COPD, their average age was 61.30±1.01; the comparison group (n=40) consisted of patients with HT, their average age was 59.10±1.53. All patients underwent 24-hour BPM. Results. Comorbid patients revealed an increase in the mean 24-hour and night systolic and mean arterial pressure values as well as a significant increase in the load index of systolic, diastolic and mean arterial pressure. Also, comorbid patients demonstrated higher blood pressure in contrast to the patients of the comparison group. They had increased systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure variability and a quicker rate of morning blood pressure rise. According to 24-hour blood pressure dynamics, pathological types of the 24-hour blood pressure curve, a higher frequency of the night-peaker profile dominated in patients with COPD if compared to patients with HT. Conclusion. The obtained data indicated a high risk of cardiovascular complications in comorbid patients, early target organ damage and an unfavorable disease prognosis. It means that both further study of hypertension clinical course in such patients and personalization of antihypertensive therapy are relevant. Keywords: hypertension, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 24-hour monitoring, blood pressure. Пациенты с артериальной гипертензией (АГ) и хронической обструктивной болезнью легких (ХОБЛ) имеют высокий риск возникновения кардиоваскулярных осложнений. В настоящее время в лечении не определена наиболее оптимальная стратегия комбинированной антигипертензивной терапии. Для выбора тактики терапии важную роль играют показатели суточного мониторирования артериального давления (СМАД). Цель. Изучить особенности показателей СМАД у пациентов с АГ на фоне ХОБЛ. Материалы и методы. В исследование включено 130 пациентов с АГ. В основную группу (n=90) вошли пациенты с АГ и ХОБЛ (средний возраст – 61,30±1,01 года), в группу сравнения (n=40) – больные только АГ (средний возраст – 59,10±1,53 года). Всем пациентам проведено СМАД. Результаты. У пациентов с коморбидностью выявлены следующие особенности суточных показателей артериального давления: увеличение значений среднесуточных и средненочных показателей систолического и среднего артериального давления; существенное повышение индекса нагрузки систолическим, диастолическим и средним артериальным давлением. Также эти больные отличались от пациентов группы сравнения более высокими значениями пульсового давления, имели повышенную вариабельность систолического, диастолического и среднего артериального давления, у них наблюдалось увеличение скорости утреннего подъема артериального давления. Суточная динамика артериального давления у пациентов с ХОБЛ характеризовалась преобладанием патологических типов суточной кривой АД, более высокой частотой профиля night-peaker по сравнению с больными только АГ. Выводы. Выявленные особенности свидетельствуют о высоком риске сердечно-сосудистых осложнений у пациентов с коморбидностью, раннем поражении органов-мишеней и неблагоприятном прогнозе заболевания, что требует дальнейшего изучения особенностей клинического течения АГ у таких больных и индивидуализации антигипертензивной терапии. Ключевые слова: артериальная гипертензия, хроническая обструктивная болезнь легких, суточное мониторирование, артериальное давление.

scholarly journals Plasticity in breathing and arterial blood pressure following acute intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia in infant rat pups with a partial loss of 5-HT neurons

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (10) ◽  
pp. R1273-R1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Magnusson ◽  
Kevin J. Cummings
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Partial Loss ◽  
Rat Pups ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Hypercapnic Hypoxia ◽  
Long Term Facilitation

The role of serotonin (5-HT) neurons in cardiovascular responses to acute intermittent hypoxia (AIH) has not been studied in the neonatal period. We hypothesized that a partial loss of 5-HT neurons would reduce arterial blood pressure (BP) at rest, increase the fall in BP during hypoxia, and reduce the long-term facilitation of breathing (vLTF) and BP following AIH. We exposed 2-wk-old, 5,7-dihydroxytryptamine-treated and controls to AIH (10% O2; n = 13 control, 14 treated), acute intermittent hypercapnia (5% CO2; n = 12 and 11), or acute intermittent hypercapnic hypoxia (AIHH; 10% O2, 5% CO2; n = 15 and 17). We gave five 5-min challenges of AIH and acute intermittent hypercapnia, and twenty ∼20-s challenges of AIHH to mimic sleep apnea. Systolic BP (sBP), diastolic BP, mean arterial pressure, heart rate (HR), ventilation (V̇e), and metabolic rate (V̇o2) were continuously monitored. 5,7-Dihydroxytryptamine induced an ∼35% loss of 5-HT neurons from the medullary raphe. Compared with controls, pups deficient in 5-HT neurons had reduced resting sBP (∼6 mmHg), mean arterial pressure (∼5 mmHg), and HR (56 beats/min), and experienced a reduced drop in BP during hypoxia. AIHH induced vLTF in both groups, reflected in increased V̇e and V̇e/V̇o2, and decreased arterial Pco2. The sBP of pups deficient in 5-HT neurons, but not controls, was increased 1 h following AIHH. Our data suggest that a relatively small loss of 5-HT neurons compromises resting BP and HR, but has no influence on ventilatory plasticity induced by AIHH. AIHH may be useful for reversing cardiorespiratory defects related to partial 5-HT system dysfunction.

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