Influence of age on deterioration of the remnant kidney in uninephrectomized rats

1987 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 571-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Okuda ◽  
Kenichi Motomura ◽  
Tohru Sanai ◽  
Hiroshi Tsuruda ◽  
Yukinori Oh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Unilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Glomerular Sclerosis ◽  
Renal Growth ◽  
Compensatory Renal Growth ◽  
Characteristic Finding ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Renal Histology ◽  
Segmental Glomerular Sclerosis ◽  
Remnant Kidney

1. To investigate the influence of age on the remnant kidney, unilateral nephrectomy was performed in rats at 1 day (group N-0), 2 weeks (group N-2), 4 weeks (group N-4) or 8 weeks (group N-8) of age. Serial changes in urinary protein during 48 weeks after the uninephrectomy and blood chemistries and renal histology at week 48 were compared between the groups. 2. The increase in proteinuria was significantly greater in groups N-0, N-2 and N-4 than in group N-8 from week 32 to week 48 after the uninephrectomy. There was no significant difference in urinary protein between groups N-0, N-2 and N-4. Hypoproteinaemia and hypoalbuminaemia were also more severe in groups N-0, N-2 and N-4 than in group N-8 at week 48. 3. A compensatory renal growth in groups N-0 and N-4 was significantly greater than that in group N-8 at week 48 after the uninephrectomy. 4. Focal and segmental glomerular sclerosis, a characteristic finding in the uninephrectomy groups, was significantly more marked in groups N-0, N-2 and N-4 than in group N-8 at week 48. 5. We conclude that uninephrectomy at young ages leads to increased incidence of glomerular sclerosis in rats compared with uninephrectomy in the adult.

Early increase in pulsatile growth hormone release after unilateral nephrectomy in adult rats

1994 ◽  
Vol 266 (4) ◽  
pp. F628-F632 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Haramati ◽  
M. D. Lumpkin ◽  
S. E. Mulroney
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Peak Level ◽  
Unilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Sham Operation ◽  
Renal Growth ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Compensatory Renal Growth ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Hypertrophic Response

Removal of one kidney results, within days, in accelerated growth of the remaining kidney. However, the mechanisms that underlie this compensatory renal hypertrophic response, particularly in the early time period following nephrectomy, are not understood. In this study we tested the hypothesis that removal of one kidney leads to a change in the pulsatile release of growth hormone (GH), which facilitates compensatory renal growth. Adult Wistar rats were implanted with Silastic cannulas in jugular veins and underwent either unilateral nephrectomy (UNX) or sham operation. Plasma levels of GH were determined 24 and 48 h after sham operation or UNX. Blood samples were taken every 20 min over a 6-h period from conscious, unrestrained animals. Pulsatile GH release was markedly elevated 24 h after UNX in both the amplitude of the surges as well as in the duration of release. Peak GH levels after 24 h were three- to fourfold higher in UNX rats compared with sham controls (417 +/- 75 vs. 119 +/- 23 ng/ml, P < 0.05). However, this enhanced release of GH appeared to be of short duration and began declining by 48 h post-UNX (peak level of 227 +/- 37 ng/ml, P < 0.05 vs. both 24 h UNX and sham controls). To examine whether this rise in GH release post-UNX contributed to the compensatory renal growth, rats underwent UNX and were immediately treated with an antagonist to GH-releasing factor (GRF-AN; i.e., [N-Ac-Tyr1,D-Arg2]GRF-(1-29) amide, 200 micrograms/kg twice daily), and the effects on GH release and renal growth were determined. Administration of GRF-AN significantly suppressed the increase in GH release post-UNX and was associated with a significant attenuation in renal growth 48 h post-UNX in GRF-AN-treated rats (8.7 +/- 2.6% vs. 22.7 +/- 3.0% in UNX controls, P < 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Compensatory Renal Growth after Unilateral Nephrectomy in the Ovine Fetus

2002 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 406-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Douglas-Denton ◽  
Karen M. Moritz ◽  
John F. Bertram ◽  
E. Marelyn Wintour
Keyword(s):  
Compensatory Growth ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Unilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Renal Growth ◽  
Compensatory Renal Growth ◽  
Glomerular Volume ◽  
Ovine Fetus ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
The Right

ABSTRACT. Unilateral nephrectomy of the adult animal results in compensatory renal growth but does not involve formation of new nephrons. It is not clear whether compensatory growth can occur during the period of active nephrogenesis in utero and if so, whether more nephrons can be formed. Male ovine fetuses (n = 20) underwent unilateral nephrectomy (n = 10) or sham nephrectomy (n = 10) at 100 d of gestation (term, 150 d). After 27 to 34 d, ewes and fetuses were killed and the right kidney of each fetus was removed and weighed. The wet weight of the right kidney was greater in the unilaterally nephrectomized fetuses (16.3 ± 1.3 g compared with 12.2 ± 0.7 g; mean ± SEM, P < 0.05) as was the kidney to body weight ratio (5.2 ± 0.3 g/kg compared with 3.8 ± 0.2 g/kg; P < 0.001). Nephron number in the right kidney was estimated by an unbiased stereologic technique. There was a 45% increase in the number of nephrons in the kidneys from unilaterally nephrectomized animals compared with the kidneys from sham-operated animals (530,763 ± 37,136 nephrons in the unilaterally nephrectomized group compared with 365,672 ± 36,016 nephrons in the sham-operated group; P < 0.01). Mean glomerular volume was lower in the unilaterally nephrectomized group; however, total glomerular volume per kidney was not different between groups. This study demonstrates that there is a significant amount of compensatory growth and nephron endowment in a remaining kidney after unilateral nephrectomy during the period of active nephrogenesis in the sheep. This is the first time such events have been shown to occur in utero.

Enhanced transcription of metallothionein genes in rat kidney: effect of uninephrectomy and compensatory renal growth

1995 ◽  
Vol 268 (4) ◽  
pp. F643-F650 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. K. Zalups ◽  
J. Fraser ◽  
J. Koropatnick
Keyword(s):  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Rat Kidney ◽  
Hepatic Tissue ◽  
Renal Growth ◽  
Outer Medulla ◽  
Compensatory Renal Growth ◽  
Intracellular Regulation ◽  
Outer Stripe ◽  
Remnant Kidney

Metallothioneins (MTs) have been implicated in the intracellular regulation of essential metals in eukaryotic cells, and increased expression of MT genes has been demonstrated during the growth and proliferation of cells. To explore the expression of MT in somatic cells undergoing growth (hypertrophy) in the kidney in situ, we measured the rates of transcription of the genes for MT-1 and MT-2, measured the levels of mRNA for MT-1 and MT-2, and measured the concentration of MT-1 and MT-2 protein in samples of renal (and hepatic) tissue from uninephrectomized (NPX) and sham-operated (SO) rats 15 days after surgery. The rates of transcription of the genes for MT-1 and MT-2 were found to be enhanced significantly in the remnant renal mass, particularly in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla, and in the liver, after uninephrectomy and after 15 days allowing for compensatory renal growth. Increased accumulation of mRNA for MT-1 and MT-2 also occurred in the cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla of the remnant kidney and in the liver in the NPX rats. Increased concentration of MT-1 and MT-2 protein (measured by radioimmunoassay), at the level of the whole kidney, renal cortex, and liver, was another feature detected in rats after uninephrectomy and 15 days of compensatory renal growth. These findings indicate that compensatory renal growth in response to uninephrectomy is associated with the induction of the expression of MT genes in the renal cortex and outer stripe of the outer medulla, as well as in the liver.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

scholarly journals Effects of the pneumoperitoneum in rats submitted to a unilateral nephrectomy: morphologic and functional study on the remnant kidney

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 195-199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Sergio Santos ◽  
Renato Tambara Filho ◽  
Teresa Maria da Silva Figueiredo ◽  
Guilherme Cravo
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Mesangial Cells ◽  
Residual Renal Function ◽  
Unilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Functional Study ◽  
Glomerular Sclerosis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Remnant Kidney

PURPOSE: The aim of this experimental study is to analyze the morphologic and functional effects of the pneumoperitoneum on the remnant kidney in rats submitted to a unilateral nephrectomy. METHODS: Forty-eight male adults Wistar rats , with an average weight between 240 to 350 g, were distributed in three groups. The rats in Group 1 were subdivided into two other subgroups: Control Group 1A and 1B. Groups 2 and 3 and respective subgroups included 12 rats each. All animals were anesthetized and submitted to a puncture. Animals in Groups 2 and 3 were submitted to abdominal insufflation with CO2, during 2 and 4 hours respectively, with a constant IAP of 15 mmHg. Rats of the Control Group 1A and 1B were maintained punctured during 2 and 4 hours respectively, however, without insufflation. In the end of this period, a left nephrectomy was performed in all animals. After 4 weeks, a new pneumoperitoneum with the same duration was installed, according to the groups. After 8 weeks, the animals were submitted to euthanasia to remove the remnant kidney. Samples of blood were collected during the whole experiment to evaluated the renal function by dosing serum creatinine. The remnant kidney was analyzed microscopically to evaluate its level of glomerular hypertrophy, the number of mesangial cells, and to observe the presence of glomerular sclerosis. All groups were kept under observation and the results were submitted to statistical analysis by a longitudinal and transversal comparative study. RESULTS: At the evaluation of residual renal function no significant clinical alteration was seen in rats submitted to pneumoperitoneum during 2 and 4 hours after a period of 8 weeks. The morphologic analysis of the remnant kidney showed no histological renal injury in the groups. CONCLUSION: The function and renal morphology of rats submitted to a unilateral nephrectomy were not significantly influenced by prolonged and successive pneumoperitoneum, according to this study's biochemical and histological findings.

Effect of hypertension on the progress and prognosis of experimental focal glomerular sclerosis

1986 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seiya Okuda ◽  
Hiroshi Tsuruda ◽  
Kaoru Onoyama ◽  
Yukinori Oh ◽  
Kenichi Motomura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Disease ◽  
Antihypertensive Drugs ◽  
Blood Chemistry ◽  
Urinary Protein ◽  
Glomerular Sclerosis ◽  
Spontaneously Hypertensive ◽  
Focal Glomerular Sclerosis ◽  
Renal Histology ◽  
Progressive Renal Disease

1. Effect of hypertension on progressive renal disease was examined in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) with experimental focal glomerular sclerosis, produced by the intravenous administration of adriamycin (ADR). Serial changes of urinary protein, blood pressure and blood chemistry for 22 weeks after ADR-treatment, and renal histology at week 22, were compared between ADR-treated SHR (group ADR-HT) and ADR-treated SHR given antihypertensive drugs (group ADR-AH). 2. Hypertension persisted in group ADR-HT, while blood pressure markedly decreased in group ADR-AH, after oral administration of antihypertensive drugs (guanethidine and hydralazine). 3. Massive proteinuria, hypoalbuminaemia and hypercholesterolaemia were observed throughout the experiment both in group ADR-HT and in group ADR-AH. Urinary protein levels were significantly larger in the former at weeks 12 and 16. 4. Blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine levels increased progressively from week 16 in the ADR-treated rats. The increase was more rapid in group ADR-HT than in group ADR-AH. In group ADR-HT, 10 of 25 rats died between weeks 20 and 22, whereas all in group ADR-AH survived. 5. Histologically, ADR-treated rats showed focal glomerular sclerosis with tubulointerstitial changes. The lesions were more extensive in group ADR-HT than in group ADR-AH. 6. We conclude that hypertension influences the progress and prognosis of chronic progressive renal disease, as induced by adriamycin.

Peritubular endothelial cell proliferation in mice during compensatory renal growth after unilateral nephrectomy

1993 ◽  
Vol 265 (5) ◽  
pp. F712-F716 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Kanda ◽  
H. Hisamatsu ◽  
T. Igawa ◽  
J. Eguchi ◽  
M. Taide ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Cells ◽  
Growth Regulation ◽  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Labeling Index ◽  
Unilateral Nephrectomy ◽  
Endothelial Cell Proliferation ◽  
Renal Growth ◽  
Compensatory Renal Growth ◽  
Inhibition Of Proliferation ◽  
Tubular Cells

The proliferation of peritubular endothelial cells during compensatory renal growth (CRG) following unilateral nephrectomy in mice was investigated using a labeling index. The labeling index of peritubular endothelial cells increased 6 h after uninephrectomy and decreased to the normal level within 72 h. Immunohistochemical study revealed that c-myc protein was expressed in the nuclei of both cortical tubular cells and peritubular endothelial cells. Furthermore, intravenous injection of anti-basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) neutralizing antibody just after uninephrectomy led to significant inhibition of proliferation of peritubular endothelial cells, but not tubular cells. These results indicate that peritubular endothelial cells proliferate transiently during CRG and that bFGF plays an important role for the growth regulation of that cell in the kidney.

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