A randomized controlled trial of the effect of dietary fibre on blood pressure

1987 ◽  
Vol 72 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barrie M. Margetts ◽  
Lawrence J. Beilin ◽  
Robert Vandongen ◽  
Bruce K. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Blood Pressures ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake

1. Eighty-eight healthy omnivores with normal blood pressure participated in a randomized, controlled, cross-over trial of the effect on blood pressure of increasing dietary fibre intake. Subjects were randomly allocated to a control group eating a low fibre diet throughout, or to one of two experimental groups eating a high fibre diet for one of two 6-week experimental periods. Changes in body weight, other dietary constituents and lifestyle factors were avoided as far as possible. 2. Twenty-four hour diet records showed a substantial increase in dietary fibre when subjects were on the high fibre diet. 3. There was no consistent effect of change in dietary fibre intake on group mean systoloic or diastolic blood pressures. Adjusting blood pressures for changes in other dietary components, plasma lipids, electrolytes, body weight and other lifestyle variables did not alter this result. 4. These findings do not support the hypothesis that the blood pressure lowering effect of a vegetarian diet is solely due to an increase in fibre intake.

Dietary fibre intake of irritable bowel patients prescribed a high fibre diet

1991 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 155-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. P. Lambert ◽  
V. Morrison ◽  
P. W. Brunt ◽  
N. A. G. Mowat ◽  
M. A. Eastwood ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake ◽  
Irritable Bowel

scholarly journals Effects of Low-Fat High-Fibre Diet and Mitratapide on Body Weight Reduction, Blood Pressure and Metabolic Parameters in Obese Dogs

2014 ◽  
Vol 76 (9) ◽  
pp. 1305-1308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina PEÑA ◽  
Lourdes SUAREZ ◽  
Inmaculada BAUTISTA-CASTAÑO ◽  
M. Candelaria JUSTE ◽  
Elena CARRETÓN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Reduction ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Low Fat ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Body Weight Reduction ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre

scholarly journals Dietary fibre intake and its associations with depressive symptoms in a prospective adolescent cohort

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Olivia G. Swann ◽  
Monique Breslin ◽  
Michelle Kilpatrick ◽  
Therese A. O’Sullivan ◽  
Trevor A. Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Independent Effect ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
Vegetable Fibre ◽  
Model Adjustment ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake

Abstract Depression is a major cause of disability in adolescents. Higher dietary fibre intake has been associated with lower depressive symptoms in adults, but there is a lack of research in adolescents. We examined the association between dietary fibre intake (Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO) FFQ) and depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory for Youth) in adolescents with prospective data from the Raine Study Gen2 14- and 17-year follow-ups (n 1260 and 653). Odds of moderate/extreme (clinically relevant) depressive symptoms by quartile of fibre intake were calculated using mixed-effects logistic regression for all participants, in a paired sample without moderate/extreme depressive symptoms at 14 years and in a sub-sample of participants with available inflammatory data at the ages of 14 and 17 years (n 718 and 547). Odds of moderate/extreme depressive symptoms were lower in the fourth (highest) quartile of overall fibre intake (OR 0·273, 95 % CI 0·09, 0·81) compared with the first (lowest) quartile, adjusting for sex, age, energy intake, adiposity, and family and lifestyle factors. However, further adjustment for dietary patterns attenuated the results. Associations of depressive symptoms with cereal or fruit and vegetable fibre intake were not significant in the final model. Adjustment for inflammation had no effect on OR. The association between a higher dietary fibre intake and lower odds of clinically relevant depressive symptoms may be more reflective of a high-fibre diet with all its accompanying nutrients than of an independent effect of fibre.

scholarly journals The influence of dietary fibre on body composition, visceral organ weight, digestibility and energy balance in rats housed in different thermal environments

1995 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 687-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinquan Zhao ◽  
Henry Jørgensen ◽  
Bjørn O. Eggum
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Environmental Temperature ◽  
Visceral Organ ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Thermal Environments ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre ◽  
Ranking Order ◽  
Daily Gain

The present study was undertaken to provide detailed information on the effect of dietary fibre (DF) level on body composition, visceral organ weight, nutrient digestibility and on energy and protein metabolism of rats housed in cold (16°), warm (24°) or hot (32°) thermal environments. High- or low-fibre diets (257 v. 56 g DF/kg dry matter (DM)) were studied in a 6-week balance experiment (initial body weight about 100 g). Heat production was measured using open-air circuit respiration chambers. Pea fibre and pectin were used to adjust the DF level in the high-fibre diet. The ranking order of daily gain of rats kept in different environments was: 24°>16°>32°, while the ranking order for carcass protein was: 16°>24°>32°. Rats on the high-DF diet had a lower daily gain than those on the low DF diet, and more protein in DM of empty body weight (EBW) and less fat. The relative weights (g/kg EBW) of liver, heart and kidney decreased when increasing the environmental temperature. The relative weight of the heart was highest in rats on the high DF level, while liver and kidney weights were unaffected by DF. Per kg EBW, the stomach, small intestine, caecum and colon and the length of colon were significantly greater in rats consuming the high-fibre diet compared with those on the low-fibre diet. Rats kept at low temperature had a significantly heavier gastrointestinal (GI) tract than those kept at the highest temperature. Digestibility of protein, DM and energy was lowest for rats fed on the high-fibre diet. Heat production (HP) of fed rats as well as fasting HP decreased significantly as environmental temperature increased. HP as a proportion of metabolizable energy (ME) was significantly lower for rats at 24° compared with the other environmental temperatures. The proportion of energy retained as protein was slightly higher in rats fed on the high-fibre than on the low-fibre diet. Based on the results of the present study the authors measured a net energy value of 5·4 kJ/g DF fermented; approximately 50% of the DF came from peas. Possible implications of the present findings are discussed.

scholarly journals Impact of Dietary Fibre Intake on Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Disease Risk Markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (OCE2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Ozen ◽  
Elinor Read ◽  
Rada Mihaylova ◽  
Michelle Weech ◽  
Julie Lovegrove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake

AbstractBackground:Diets higher in fibre have been associated with beneficial effects on cardiometabolic disease (CMD) risk markers including obesity, blood pressure and cholesterol levels. However, the relationship between dietary fibre intake and body composition is unclear. Therefore, the objective of the study was to further assess the association between fibre intake, body composition and CMD risk markers.Materials and Methods:A single-centred cross-sectional study was conducted in 277 healthy adults (n = 107 men and n = 170) women with a mean age of 41 (SD 16) y and body mass index (BMI) of 23.9 (SD 3.8) kg/m2. Total body composition was measured by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and dietary intake was assessed with a 4-day weighed food diary.CMD risk markers included fasting lipids and glucose quantified using an ILAB 600 clinical chemistry analyser and clinic blood pressure measured using an Omron blood pressure monitor.Results:Average AOAC fibre intake in the cohort was 23.0 (SD 9) g/day, with higher intakes found in men (25.0 (SD 10.3) g/day) than women (21.9 (SD 7.8) g/day; P = 0.015). AOAC fibre intakes were significantly weakly correlated with weight (rs = 0.142), percentage body fat (rs = 0.193), bone mineral density (rs = 0.156) and fat free mass (rs = 0.257; P ≤ 0.009), and inversely correlated with fasting total cholesterol (rs = -0.124), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (rs = 0.144) and total to high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol ratio (rs = -0.129; P ≤ 0.042). After stratifying data according to quartiles of AOAC fibre intake and adjusting for covariates (including age, sex, BMI, weight, energy expended per day through physical activity and total energy intake per day) total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations were significantly lower in quartiles (Q)3 (21.0–29.5 g/d) and Q4 (30–63.5 g/d) than Q1 (3.0–18.8 g/d) and Q2 (19.3–20.9 g/d). Systolic blood pressure was also lower in Q4 than Q1 and Q2 (P < 0.05). Anthropometric and body composition measures were not found to be different across quartiles of increasing AOAC fibre intake.Discussion:Findings from this cross-sectional study have revealed daily fibre consumption greater than 21 g to be associated with lower fasting total and LDL cholesterol, and intakes ≥ 30 g also associated with lower systolic blood pressure. With only 9% of UK adults meeting the current recommended intake, raising public awareness of the importance of dietary fibre is an important strategy for CMD prevention.

scholarly journals Effect of fibre level, particle size and adaptation period on digestibility and rate of passage as measured at the ileum and in the faeces in the adult rabbit

1992 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Gidenne
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Adult Rabbit ◽  
Adaptation Period ◽  
Digestive Efficiency ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre

The use of specific methods other than gravimetric ones to analyse fibre permitted a more precise study of the degradation of cell wall (CW) in the digestive tract. Digesta flow and rate of passage measurements have not been assessed previously in rabbits to investigate fibre digestion and fibre effects simultaneously in the proximal and in the distal segments of the tract. The effect of the level of dietary fibre on ileal and overall digestibility and rate of passage were studied by comparing semi-purified diets containing only one source of CW (dehydrated lucerne (Medicago sativa) meal) given to adult female rabbits. The effect of fibre particle size and adaptation period were also investigated. Measurements of fibre composition using both colorimetric and gas-liquid chromatographic techniques, showed that large amounts of (CW) were degraded in the caecocolic segments. Increasing dietary fibre level reduced the rate of passage but fibre degradation was increased, at the same time a lower digestive efficiency for energy in the small intestine was found. A small quantity of CW was apparently degraded before the caecum, assuming that the water-soluble fraction of CW was essentially implicated. Grinding lucerne meal through a 1 mm instead of a 3 mm screen did not improve CW digestibility in spite of a longer rate of passage in the caeco-colic segments. Adaptation to a high-fibre diet resulted in an higher digestive volume for colon and caecum, related to an improved degradation of CW. Furthermore, digestive efficiency in the small intestine appeared higher for rabbits adapted to a high-fibre diet than that for rabbits initially fed on a low-fibre diet.

Abstract 62: Dietary Fibre Attenuates Hypertension By Reducing Macrophage Infiltration Via Gut Microbiota-Derived Metabolite-Sensing Receptors

Hypertension ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 78 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rikeish R Muralitharan ◽  
Evany Dinakis ◽  
Chudan Xu ◽  
Liang Xie ◽  
Hamdi Jama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Renal Fibrosis ◽  
Heart Function ◽  
Macrophage Infiltration ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Ang Ii ◽  
High Fibre Diet ◽  
Fibre Diet ◽  
High Fibre

High dietary fibre is fermented by the gut microbiota, resulting in the release of metabolites called short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Both fibre and SCFAs can reduce high blood pressure (BP) and its associated cardio-renal complications. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. SCFAs can be detected by metabolite-sensing receptors GPR41 and GPR43, highly expressed by immune cells such as macrophages. We hypothesised that dietary fibre attenuates hypertension by modulating renal macrophage infiltration via metabolite-sensing receptors GPR41 and GPR43. To test this, we developed a novel GPR41/GPR43 double knockout (DKO) mice and characterised the cardiovascular and immune phenotype in both sham and angiotensin-II (Ang-II, 0.5mg/kg/day) treated DKO and wild-type (WT) mice (n=7-12 per group). WT Ang-II mice fed a high-fibre diet had significantly lower renal galectin-3 (p=0.0004), a macrophage marker, compared to WT Ang-II mice fed a low-fibre diet. Sham DKO mice on standard chow diet had no difference in BP or heart function but had higher kidney/tibia length index (p=0.049) and renal fibrosis levels compared to WT mice (p=0.004). Moreover, untreated DKO mice had higher numbers of renal macrophages compared to WT mice (p=0.002). Ang-II infusion of DKO mice resulted in higher BP (p<0.0001), renal fibrosis (p=0.007), and mortality (hazard ratio=5.6) compared to WT mice. In the gut, we found significant inflammatory changes, gut barrier integrity disruption, gut microbiota and metabolome changes (all p<0.05). We also found evidence of lipopolysaccharides (LPS) translocation from the gut into the circulation of DKO mice. In conclusion, we show that a high-fibre diet attenuates hypertension by modulating renal macrophages via the gut microbiota-derived metabolite-sensing GPR41 and GPR43 receptors. These receptors can be targeted as a novel treatment for hypertension.

scholarly journals Total, insoluble and soluble dietary fibre intake in relation to blood pressure: the INTERMAP Study - CORRIGENDUM

2015 ◽  
Vol 114 (9) ◽  
pp. 1534-1534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghadeer S. Aljuraiban ◽  
Linda M. O. Griep ◽  
Queenie Chan ◽  
Martha L. Daviglus ◽  
Jeremiah Stamler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Dietary Fibre ◽  
Fibre Intake ◽  
Soluble Dietary Fibre ◽  
Dietary Fibre Intake
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