Increased Intralymphocytic Sodium Content in Essential Hypertension: An Index of Impaired Na+ Cellular Metabolism

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ambrosioni ◽  
F. V. Costa ◽  
L. Montebugnoli ◽  
F. Tartagni ◽  
B. Magnani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Secondary Hypertension ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
History Of ◽  
Wet Weight ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
The Mean

1. The sodium concentration in lymphocytes was measured in a group of 66 normotensive subjects (40 without familial hypertension and 26 with familial hypertension), in a group of 81 patients with essential hypertension and in a group of 14 patients with secondary hypertension. 2. The mean value (±sd) in normotensive subjects with no history of familial hypertension was 21.9 ± 3.1 mmol/kg wet weight, which was significantly lower (P < 0.005) than that of normotensive subjects with familial hypertension (mean value 27.9 ± 4.2 mmol/kg). Lymphocyte sodium concentration was significantly higher in patients with essential hypertension (33.2 ± 3.3 mmol/kg; P < 0.001) than in the subjects with normal blood pressure without familial hypertension. 3. In the patients with essential hypertension there was a significant correlation between lymphocyte sodium concentration and systolic (P < 0.005), diastolic (P < 0.001) and mean (P < 0.001) blood pressure. In the normotensive subjects there was no correlation between the lymphocyte sodium concentration and the blood pressure. 4. The patients with secondary forms of hypertension had normal lymphocyte sodium concentration, except in the case of Conn's disease. 5. Incubation with ouabain increased lymphocyte sodium concentration in the normotensive subjects and patients with essential hypertension; the final sodium concentration was similar in the two groups. 6. When lymphocytes from normotensive subjects without familial hypertension were incubated in plasma of patients with essential hypertension there was an increase in their sodium content.

Evidence for a Plasma Factor Affecting Na+ Cellular Transport in Genetic Normotensive Subjects and in Borderline Hypertensive Subjects

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 53s-55s ◽  
Author(s):  
F. V. Costa ◽  
L. Montebugnoli ◽  
M. F. Giordani ◽  
L. Vasconi ◽  
E. Ambrosioni
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
Secondary Hypertension ◽  
Cellular Transport ◽  
Borderline Hypertension ◽  
Dynamic Phase ◽  
Plasma Factor ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. Lymphocytes from normotensive subjects with normal intralymphocytic sodium content were incubated for 1 h in plasma from subjects with essential hypertension, secondary hypertension or borderline hypertension, and from normotensive subjects with (genetic) and without (non-genetic) family history of hypertension. 2. Lymphocytes from non-genetic normotensive subjects greatly increase their intralymphocytic sodium content after incubation in plasma (diluted 1:4) of patients with essential hypertension (but not with secondary hypertension), of borderline subjects and of genetic normotensive subjects with abnormally high intralymphocytic sodium content (<26 mmol/kg). 3. When plasma is diluted 1:8, an increase in intralymphocytic sodium content is detectable only after incubation in plasma of borderline subjects and of genetic normotensive subjects with high intralymphocytic sodium content. 4. These data suggest that a plasma factor altering Na+ transport is detectable in all the subjects in whom intralymphocytic sodium content is high, independently of their blood pressure values. The concentration (or the activity) of this substance is greater in borderline and genetic normotensive subjects than in patients with sustained essential hypertension. This suggests that these subjects are in a dynamic phase of the development of hypertension.

Solitary Kidney and Ageing as Causes of Low Renin and Aldosterone Concentrations: Relevance to ‘Low-Renin’ Essential Hypertension

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 177s-180s ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Gordon ◽  
Freda Doran ◽  
M. Thomas ◽  
Frances Thomas ◽  
P. Cheras
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Plasma Renin Activity ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Renin Activity ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Restriction ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
The Mean

1. As experimental models of reduced nephron population in man, (a) twelve men aged 15–32 years who had one kidney removed 1–13 years previously and (b) fourteen normotensive men aged 70–90 years were studied. Results were compared with those in eighteen normotensive men aged 18–28 years and eleven men aged 19–33 years with essential hypertension. 2. While the subjects followed a routine of normal diet and daily activity, measurements were made, after overnight recumbency and in the fasting state, of plasma volume and renin activity on one occasion in hospital and of blood pressure on five to fourteen occasions in the home. Blood pressure was also measured after standing for 2 min and plasma renin activity after 1 h standing, sitting or walking. Twenty-four hour urinary aldosterone excretion was also measured. 3. The measurements were repeated in the normotensive subjects and subjects in (a) and (b) above after 10 days of sodium-restricted diet (40 mmol of sodium/day). 4. The mean plasma renin activity (recumbent) in essential hypertensive subjects was higher than in normotensive subjects. In subjects of (a) and (b) above, it was lower than normotensive subjects, and was not increased by dietary sodium restriction in subjects of (a). 5. The mean aldosterone excretion level was lower in old normotensive subjects than in the other groups, and increased in each group after dietary sodium restriction. 6. Mean plasma volume/surface area was not different between the four groups and in normotensive, essential hypertensive and nephrectomized subjects but not subjects aged 70–90 years was negatively correlated with standing diastolic blood pressure.

Intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ Activities in Essential Hypertension

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 41s-43s ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Zidek ◽  
H. Vetter ◽  
K.-G. Dorst ◽  
H. Zumkley ◽  
H. Losse
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Family History ◽  
Secondary Hypertension ◽  
Genetic Trait ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Intracellular Na Activity ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. The intracellular Na+ and Ca2+ activity and Na+ concentration were measured in erythrocytes of normotensive subjects, with and without a familial disposition to hypertension, in essential hypertensive patients with and without a family history of hypertension, and in patients with secondary hypertension. 2. In normotensive subjects without a genetic trait of hypertension intracellular Na+ activity and concentration were 7.00 ± 1.38 mmol/l and 5.67 ± 0.95 mmol/l respectively. The intracellular Ca2+ activity was 4.82 ± 4.49 μmol/l. In normotensive subjects with a familial hypertensive disposition intracellular Na+ activity and concentration were 9.74 ± 1.43 mmol/l (P < 0.01) and 6.63 ± 0.88 mmol/l (P < 0.05). Intracellular Ca2+ was 9.59 ± 9.71 μmol/l (P < 0.05). 3. Essential hypertensive patients without a familial genetic trait had an elevated intracellular Na+ activity (8.35 ± 2.08 mmol/l, P < 0.05). Intracellular Na+ concentration was 6.64 ± 0.79 mmol/l (P < 0.05). The intracellular Ca2+ activity was markedly elevated to 25.33 ± 19.03 μmol/l (P < 0.01). The essential hypertensive patients with a familial disposition had an elevated intracellular Na+ activity (17.19 ± 4.37 mmol/l, P < 0.001) and Ca2+ activity (32.8 ± 32.51 μmol/l, P < 0.01). The intracellular Na+ concentration was 6.25 ± 1.23 mmol/l. 4. The results indicate that in essential hypertension intracellular Na+ activity is increased, particularly in patients with a familial disposition for hypertension. Intracellular Ca2+ is increased in essential hypertension whether or not there was a family disposition to hypertension.

Intralymphocytic Sodium Concentration as An Index of Response to Stress and Exercise in Young Subjects with Borderline Hypertension

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (s7) ◽  
pp. 25s-27s ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Ambrosioni ◽  
F. V. Costa ◽  
L. Montebugnoli ◽  
C. Borghi ◽  
B. Magnani
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Mental Arithmetic ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Handgrip Exercise ◽  
Borderline Hypertension ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Normotensive Subjects ◽  
Young Subjects

1. A highly significant correlation between intralymphocytic sodium concentration and basal diastolic blood pressure can be found only in patients with sustained essential hypertension. 2. In subjects with borderline hypertension and in normotensive subjects with familial hypertension a highly significant correlation can be found between intralymphocytic sodium concentration and the increase in diastolic blood pressure induced by mental arithmetic or handgrip exercise. 3. The increase in diastolic blood pressure recorded during mental arithmetic and handgrip in patients with borderline hypertension and in genetic normotensive subjects is significantly greater if intralymphocytic sodium concentration is greater than 26 mmol/kg.

Different Haemodynamic Reaction Patterns during Noise Exposure in Normotensive Subjects with and without Heredity for Essential Hypertension

1982 ◽  
Vol 63 (s8) ◽  
pp. 371s-374s ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Andrén ◽  
S. Piros ◽  
L. Hansson ◽  
H. Herlitz ◽  
O. Jonsson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Noise Exposure ◽  
Blood Pressure Response ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Normotensive Subjects

1. Stimulation with noise (100 dBA) for 10 min caused a significant increase in diastolic and mean arterial pressure in normotensive subjects with and without a positive family history of hypertension. 2. The blood pressure response in the group with a positive family history of hypertension was due to a significant increase in total peripheral resistance (9%, P < 0.05); no such change was seen in the group without heredity for hypertension. 3. Systolic blood pressure, heart rate, stroke volume and cardiac output did not change significantly during exposure to noise. 4. There was no difference between the groups in mean intracellular sodium concentration measured in erythrocytes.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES AND ANATOMOSIS OF ARTERIOVENOUS FISTULAR IN PATIENTS WITH REGULARLY HEMODIALYSIS

2017 ◽  
pp. 88-92
Author(s):  
Van Hien Pham ◽  
Huu Vu Quang Nguyen ◽  
Tam Vo
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Diastolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
The Mean

Background: Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in patients with chronic renal failure. When a patient undergoes dialysis, making AVF or AVG causes cardiovascular events. Understanding the relationship between complications: hypertension, heart failure, AVF or AVG (formation time, position, diameter) helps us monitor, detect, prevent and treatment of complications to limit the risk of death in patients with dialysis. Objective: Relationship between cardiovascular diseases and anatomosis of arteriovenous fistular in patients with regularly hemodialysis at Cho Ray Hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at Cho Ray Hospital from 2015 to 2016. The survey some cardiovascular diseases are done by clinical examination, tests for diagnostic imaging such as X-ray, electrocardiogram and echocardiogram: heart and diameter of anastomosis AVF, AVG. Results: The study population included 303 patients with chronic renal failure who were dialysis. Of which, patients aged 25-45 accounted for the highest proportion (43.9%). The proportion of male and female patients was similar (48.5% and 51.5% respectively). The mean value of systolic blood pressure on patients made AVF, AVG less than 12 months is higher than patients made AVF, AVG over 12 months, and there is negative correlation (r = -0.43) between AVF, AVG and systolic blood pressure (p <0.05). The mean value of diastolic blood pressure on patients made AVF, AVG less than 12 months is lower than patients made AVF, AVG over 12 months, and and there is positive correlation (r = -0.43) between AVF, AVG and diastolic blood pressure (p <0.05) (p <0.05). The prevalence of patients with heart failure made AVF, AVG over 12 months is higher than that of the under 12 months group, there is a negative correlation (r = - 0.43) between AVF, AVG diameter and EF index (p <0.05). Conclusion: It is important to note the diameter of anastomosis AVF, AVG in patients with chronic renal failure dialysis to limit cardiovascular complications, especially heart failure. Key words: Chronic kidney disease, hemodialysis.

Elevation of pulse pressure in middle age is associated with the risk of dementia: data from a population-based cohort

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D Kim ◽  
H Jung ◽  
P.S Yang ◽  
H.T Yu ◽  
T.H Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Middle Age ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Entire Cohort ◽  
Incident Dementia ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Diagnosis Of Dementia ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Aims Pulse pressure (PP) is a well-known risk factor for cardiovascular disease. However, the association between the PP and dementia is not well identified. This study aimed to determine the effect of PP on the risk of dementia development in different age subgroups using a longitudinal, population-based, and stroke-free cohort from the general population. Methods The association of PP with the development of incident dementia was assessed from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2013, in 433,154 participants without a history of dementia or stroke from the Korea National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening cohort. The diagnosis of dementia was defined using the 10th revision of the International Classification of Disease codes. Results The mean age of the cohort was 55.7±9.2 years, 45.7% were women. Hypertension was 23.6%. The mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the entire cohort were 125.9±16.6 and 78.4±10.7 mmHg, respectively. Mean PP was 47.5±10.9 mmHg. In the middle-age group (40 to 50 year-old), increasing of 10 mmHg of PP was associated with incident dementia after adjusting mean blood pressure and clinical variables with a hazard ratio (HR) of 1.21 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.19–1.23, p&lt;0.001). The association was still significant even after censoring for stroke (HR: 1.16, 95% CI: 1.08–1.22, p&lt;0.001). In the older population, elevation of PP was not associated with dementia development (HR: 0.98, 95% CI: 0.95–1.01, p=0.247) Conclusion PP was associated with increased risk of dementia only in middle-aged population beyond that of mean arterial pressure. Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Blood Pressure and Intra-Erythrocyte Sodium during Normal and High Salt Intake in Middle-Aged Men: Relationship to Family History of Hypertension, and Neurogenic and Hormonal Variables

1984 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-433 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ottar Gudmundsson ◽  
Hans Herlitz ◽  
Olof Jonsson ◽  
Thomas Hedner ◽  
Ove Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Family History ◽  
Salt Intake ◽  
Sodium Intake ◽  
Positive Family History ◽  
Sodium Content ◽  
High Salt Intake ◽  
History Of ◽  
Family History Of Hypertension ◽  
Erythrocyte Sodium

1. During 4 weeks 37 normotensive 50-year-old men identified by screening in a random population sample were given 12 g of NaCl daily, in addition to their usual dietary sodium intake. Blood pressure, heart rate, weight, urinary excretion of sodium, potassium and catecholamines, plasma aldosterone and noradrenaline and intra-erythrocyte sodium content were determined on normal and increased salt intake. The subjects were divided into those with a positive family history of hypertension (n = 11) and those without such a history (n = 26). 2. Systolic blood pressure and weight increased significantly irrespective of a positive family history of hypertension. 3. On normal salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content was significantly higher in those with a positive family history of hypertension. During high salt intake intra-erythrocyte sodium content decreased significantly in that group and the difference between the hereditary subgroups was no longer significant. 4. In the whole group urinary excretion of noradrenaline, adrenaline and dopamine increased whereas plasma aldosterone decreased during the increased salt intake. 5. Thus, in contrast to some earlier studies performed in young subjects, our results indicate that moderately increased sodium intake acts as a pressor agent in normotensive middle-aged men whether there was a positive family history of hypertension or not. We confirm that men with positive family history of hypertension have an increased intra-erythrocyte sodium content, and that an increase in salt intake seems to increase overall sympathetic activity.

Nasal mucociliary clearance in patients with diabetes mellitus

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (9) ◽  
pp. 853-855 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. L. Yue
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Mucociliary Clearance ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Nasal Disease ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Insulin Dependent ◽  
Mucociliary Function ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nasal Mucociliary Clearance

AbstractFifty insulin-dependent diabetics and 50 non-diabetics without a history of nasal disease have been studied for nasal problems including mucociliary function complicated by diabetes mellitus. For the diabetics, the mean value of nasal mucociliary clearance was considerably decreased and this was more often associated with dry noses but increased pH-values, both of which were higher than those for non-diabetics (p<0.05). As suggested in earlier literature, more aggressive nasal moistening therapy must be recommended for those patients presenting with these conditions in the light of systemic diabetic abnormalities.

Association between Patients with Metabolic Syndrome and Other Various Factors Defining Metabolic Syndrome: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
Basavaraj PG ◽  
Ashok P Yenkanchi ◽  
Chidanand Galagali
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Cardiovascular Diseases ◽  
Abdominal Obesity ◽  
Positive History ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Study Results ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Mean

Background: Risk factors can lead to clinical conditions, like metabolic syndrome, that predisposes the development of cardiovascular diseases. Objective: The goal of this population-based, prospective and non-randomised cohort study was to study the association between patients with metabolic syndrome and other various factors defining metabolic syndrome. Methods: All the patients referred to the department of Medicine, Al-Ameen Medical college hospital and District Hospital, Vijayapur, Karnataka, India over a period of twenty-two months extending from December 2013 to September 2015 were considered in this study. Results: In the current study, out of 100 patients, 62.9% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive family history of hypertension, diabetes mellitus. 70.8% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive history of smoking. 64.3% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive history of alcohol .73.9% patients had metabolic syndrome with positive history of IHD. 87% of the patients with metabolic syndrome had SBP> 130 mmHg, and 78.85% patients had DBP>85 mmHg. And metabolic syndrome was observed in 71.8% patients on anti hypertensive drugs. The mean level of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, triglyceride is increased whereas the mean level of anti-atherogenic HDL cholesterol is low in subjects with MS. At least one lipid abnormality was present in > 95 % of cases. Around 81% subjects with BMI <25 (out of 38) had metabolic syndrome and 58% subjects with BMI>25(out of 62) had metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: All the components defining the metabolic syndrome correlated positively with the abdominal obesity. Systolic blood pressure values were significantly higher than diastolic blood pressure in subjects with abdominal obesity. Metabolic syndrome has multiple risk factors determined by various aspects like the race, the life style, geographical factors larger study is needed to understand the correlation between various components defining it. A healthy lifestyle, that includes avoiding tobacco exposure and proper weight control, must be encouraged in this high-risk population. Keywords: Cardiovascular diseases; Overweight; Risk factors; Smoking.

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