Changes in Absorptive and Peptide Hydrolase Activities in Rat Small Intestine after Administration of 5-Fluorouracil

1978 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 411-418 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. G. Gardner ◽  
R. R. Samson ◽  
R. C. Heading
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Unit Length ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Proximal Jejunum ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Single Intraperitoneal Injection ◽  
Gastrointestinal Side Effects ◽  
Positive Correlations

1. Glucose absorption, water absorption and dipeptide hydrolase activities have been determined in isolated rat small intestine at 1, 3, 5 and 21 days after a single intraperitoneal injection of 5-fluorouracil. 2. Absorption rates and enzyme activities were elevated 1 day after treatment, but were reduced to 40% of control values at 3 and 5 days. Changes were seen regardless of whether absorption was expressed per unit length or per unit dry weight of intestine. 3. There were highly significant positive correlations between glucose or water absorption rates and peptidase activities, especially in proximal jejunum. The most significant correlation was observed between water absorption rate and jejunal l-Leu-Gly hydrolase activity. 4. Malabsorption may account for some of the gastrointestinal side effects associated with treatment with 5-fluorouracil. Enzyme measurements may be useful as an index of intestinal function.

Effects of ‘Elemental’ Diets on Absorptive and Enzymic Activities and on 5-Fluorouracil Toxicity in Rat Small Intestine

1979 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 243-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. G. Gardner ◽  
R. C. Heading
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Dietary Nitrogen ◽  
Elemental Diets ◽  
Dipeptidase Activities ◽  
Fluorouracil Toxicity

1. Water absorption and cytoplasmic dipeptidase activities were determined in isolated rat small intestine after animals had fed on various ‘elemental’ diets or a standard rat diet and after a single injection of 5-fluorouracil. 2. Vivonex diets were associated with a decrease in dry weight of the small intestine and an increase in glucose and water absorption in vitro. 3. The nature of the dietary nitrogen profoundly affects the activities of intestinal peptidases. 4. Water absorption was severely depressed 3 days after 5-fluorouracil administration: the extent of depression was independent of the diet. Thus, any ameliorative effects of ‘elemental’ diets on 5-fluorouracil toxicity are unlikely to be mediated by direct protection of intestinal absorption.

scholarly journals Effect of mazindol on glucose absorption in everted rat small intestine.

1986 ◽  
Vol 87 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-654
Author(s):  
Masahiko TSUCHIYA ◽  
Shuji INOUE ◽  
Masayuki SATTA ◽  
Hideki YOSHIMURA ◽  
Masataka ARITA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Rat Small Intestine

STIMULATION OF SODIUM AND WATER ABSORPTION BY SUCROSE IN THE RAT SMALL INTESTINE

1982 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 103-107 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. PATRA ◽  
D. MAHALANABIS ◽  
K. N. JALAN
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Stimulation Of

The Influence of Pregnancy and Lactation on the Morphology and Absorptive Capacity of the Rat Small Intestine

1970 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. L. Craft
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Absorptive Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Weight ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Pregnancy And Lactation ◽  
In Pregnancy

1. A study of the length, total weight and weight per cm of the small intestine of virgin, pregnant and lactating rats has provided evidence for an increase in intestinal surface area in pregnancy and lactation. 2. Because of such alterations in morphology of the gut the absorption,in vivo, of the substrates studied, glucose and glycine, has been expressed in terms of amount transferred per loop and also per g dry weight of intestine. 3. Using these parameters the results show that pregnancy does not alter the ability of the upper jejunum to absorb glucose and glycine. In lactation there is a significant decrease in the transfer of these substances when expressed per g dry weight of intestine, but not in absolute terms.

Goblet Cell Mucin of Rat Small Intestine. Chemical and Physical Characterization

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (8) ◽  
pp. 1154-1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet F. Forstner ◽  
Inderjit Jabbal ◽  
Gordon G. Forstner
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Small Intestine ◽  
Goblet Cell ◽  
Disulfide Bonds ◽  
Axial Ratio ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Subunit Structure ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Minor Components ◽  
Sulfur Containing

Goblet cell mucin (GCM) of rat small intestine has been isolated previously, and its location established by immunofluorescence techniques. In the present study, GCM was characterized more fully by chemical and physical methods. It was found to be a flexible negatively charged macromolecule with a molecular weight of about 2.0 × 106, an intrinsic viscosity of 15.3 dl/g, and an axial ratio of about 225:1. Its composition was protein 12%, total hexose 23%, hexosamine 22.4%, sialic acid 10%, fucose 6.6%, and sulfate < 1% of the dry weight. It contained approximately 34 disulfide bonds per molecule. Like most mucin glycoproteins it was rich in serine, threonine, and proline (45.5 mol %) and poor in hydrophobic and sulfur containing amino acids. One major and two minor components were identified by acrylamide disc gel electrophoresis and analytic ultracentrifugation. The components appeared to represent different molecular weight species of GCM. No evidence of subunit structure could be obtained using a variety of techniques, including the disruption of ionic, hydrophobic, and disulfide bonds by detergents, denaturants, or reducing agents.

Lymph flow, lymph protein concentration, and protein output from rat small intestine

1985 ◽  
Vol 248 (6) ◽  
pp. G670-G675
Author(s):  
J. S. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Protein Concentration ◽  
Capillary Permeability ◽  
Lymph Flow ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Capillary Filtration ◽  
Intestinal Lymph ◽  
Lymph Duct ◽  
Protein Output

Lymph flow (JL), lymph protein concentration (CL), and protein output (JP) from the main intestinal lymph duct were determined. The basal JL from the mesenteric pedicle alone was the same as that from the mesenteric pedicle attached with a segment of the nonabsorbing intestine, indicating that the basal JL does not originate from the intestine but is totally from the region of the mesenteric pedicle. The basal CL was 3.5-3.8 g/100 ml. When the intestine was absorbing water, JL increased and CL decreased, but JP increased above the basal JP in the initial 20 min of water absorption and then decreased progressively with time. Furthermore, it was estimated that CL in the "excess lymph" (formed during water absorption) was 1.4 +/- 0.2 g/100 ml in the initial 10 min of water absorption and was zero or nearly so in the later periods. From this and other evidence, it is concluded that under various conditions without net water absorption rat small intestine does not produce lymph and that during water absorption there is no significant increase in capillary permeability or capillary filtration. Therefore, the excess lymph could be mostly derived from the fluid absorbed from the lumen of the intestine.

scholarly journals Sweet taste receptors in rat small intestine stimulate glucose absorption through apical GLUT2

2007 ◽  
Vol 582 (1) ◽  
pp. 379-392 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oliver J. Mace ◽  
Julie Affleck ◽  
Nick Patel ◽  
George L. Kellett
Keyword(s):  
Small Intestine ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Glucose Absorption ◽  
Taste Receptors ◽  
Rat Small Intestine ◽  
Sweet Taste Receptors
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