Determination of Renin-Dependency and Sodium-Dependency in the Three Renin Sub-Groups of Essential Hypertension

1976 ◽  
Vol 51 (s3) ◽  
pp. 197s-200s
Author(s):  
H. Gavras ◽  
A. Ribeiro ◽  
H. R. Brunner ◽  
I. Gavras
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Sodium Depletion ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Variable Capacity ◽  
Sodium Dependency ◽  
Degree Of Participation

1. In all three renin sub-groups of essential hypertension, the state of sodium balance determines the degree of participation of the renin-angiotensin system in sustaining high blood pressure. 2. Even the low-renin type can become renin-dependent when sufficient sodium depletion has been achieved. 3. The main difference between patients of these sub-groups appears to be their variable capacity to become depleted of sodium under standard dietary regimens.

Sodium Retention Versus Renin–Angiotensin System In Experimental Renal Hypertension

1973 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 238-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Liard
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Renal Hypertension ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Sodium Retention ◽  
Sodium Depletion ◽  
Dual Nature ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Experimental Renal Hypertension

The relative importance of sodium retention versus the renin–angiotensin pressor response in hypertension caused by constriction of one renal artery and contralateral nephrectomy in the rat was assessed. Attempts were made to lower the blood pressure by changing sodium balance while plasma renin activity was measured. Acute sodium depletion (furosemide) had no measurable effect on the pressure seemingly because activation of the renin–angiotensin system prevented a fall in pressure. However, the pressure decreased rapidly and markedly in response to sodium depletion when the renin-angiotensin system was suppressed by (a) removing the sole remaining kidney after the sodium depletion or (b) pretreating the animals with deoxycorticosterone and salt. These results emphasize the dual nature of the control of blood pressure by the kidney in experimental renal hypertension.

Effect of a Competitive Angiotensin Antagonist on the Renal Haemodynamic Changes Induced by Inhibition of Prostaglandin Synthesis in Rats

1974 ◽  
Vol 48 (s2) ◽  
pp. 299s-302s ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Mimran ◽  
D. Casellas ◽  
M. Dupont ◽  
P. Barjon
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pressure Effect ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Blood Pressure Effect ◽  
Haemodynamic Changes ◽  
Inhibition Of Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽  
Angiotensin Receptor Blockade

1. Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis by indomethacin induced an increase in blood pressure which did not occur when rats were bilaterally nephrectomized. 2. The blood pressure effect was related to the state of sodium balance and thus to the activity of the renin-angiotensin system. 3. Indomethacin induced a decrease in renal blood flow. 4. Angiotensin receptor blockade with Sar1-Ala8-angiotensin II blunted the blood pressure effect and prevented the renal haemodynamic changes induced by indomethacin.

Atrial natriuretic peptides in essential hypertension: basal plasma levels and relationship to sodium balance

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (10) ◽  
pp. 1592-1600 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. A. Sagnella ◽  
N. D. Markandu ◽  
M. G. Buckley ◽  
M. A. Miller ◽  
D. R. J. Singer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Dietary Sodium ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
Potential Importance ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic Peptides ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Atrial Natriuretic

The identification of the atrial natriuretic peptides (ANP) as a new hormonal system has provided a new perspective on the mechanisms controlling renal sodium excretion and abnormalities in sodium homeostasis. The present article focuses on the potential importance of ANP (ANF 99–126) in essential hypertension with particular reference to circulating ANP levels and the relationship between the ANP and the renin–angiotensin system in the control of sodium balance and blood pressure. There is now considerable evidence demonstrating that a substantial proportion of patients with essential hypertension have raised circulating ANP levels. Given the known biological actions of ANP, these raised levels point to important compensatory mechanisms. This is further supported by studies during alterations in dietary sodium intake, as sodium restriction highlighted important relationships between ANP and the renin angiotensin system. The potential importance of ANP in essential hypertension is strengthened by recent demonstration of natriuretic and antihypertensive actions associated with small increases in circulating ANP as induced by administration of exogenous ANP. Furthermore, the recent development of orally active inhibitors of ANP metabolism now provides a basis to determine the therapeutic importance of specific manipulation of endogenous ANP levels in patients with essential hypertension.Key words: ANF, essential hypertension, sodium balance.

scholarly journals Distribution of Polymorphic Markers of Genes Encoding the Renin-angiotensin System (ACE, AGT, AGTR1), ITGB3, PPARG, Pparg in Patients With Essential Hypertension Depending on the Age

2022 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 105-111
Author(s):  
Tatyana Zotova ◽  
Madina Azova ◽  
Anastasia Lukanina ◽  
A. Ait Aissa ◽  
Mikhail Blagonravov
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Polymorphic Markers ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Predisposition Genes

Essential hypertension (EH) is a multifactorial disease with a hereditary predisposition. Genes encoding the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) play a leading role in the stabilization of elevated BP in the course of EH, which determines the relevance of our clinical and genetic study. The study was based on the determination of the frequencies of polymorphic markers of the AGT, AGTR1, ACE, ITGB3, PPARG genes in 2 groups, depending on the age of patients (up to 60 years - group1, n=18, and after 60 years - group2, n=31), for the intergroup frequencies comparison and comparison of group frequencies with population data. Genotyping by gene polymorphisms was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. 24-hour ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) and Holter HR monitoring were conducted. Phenotypic features of the course of EH were accompanied by changes in the frequency characteristics of the studied genotypes. In patients of group 1, an increase in the frequency of protective genotypes of the ACE(II) and ITGB3(TT) genes was observed (p=0.004;0.015), which confirms the hypothesis of a possible favorable course of EH in patients under 60 years.

Blood pressure effects of renin inhibition by human renin antiserum in normotensive marmosets

1984 ◽  
Vol 246 (3) ◽  
pp. F309-F316 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. B. Michel ◽  
J. Wood ◽  
K. Hofbauer ◽  
P. Corvol ◽  
J. Menard
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Enzyme Inhibitor ◽  
Renin Angiotensin System ◽  
Pressure Effects ◽  
Sodium Balance ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Common Marmosets ◽  
Angiotensin System ◽  
Renin Angiotensin ◽  
Human Renin

The effects on blood pressure of an antiserum against pure human kidney renin were studied in conscious and anesthetized (pentobarbital, 24 mg X kg-1 i.p.) small new world monkeys (common marmosets). The antiserum inhibited the enzymatic activity of renin by 50% in a dilution of 1:45,000 in marmoset and 1:50,000 in human plasma. The antiserum (0.2 ml i.v.) decreased blood pressure in conscious marmosets on normal sodium intake by 15 +/- 5 (SD) mmHg and after salt depletion by 31 +/- 13 mmHg. A converting enzyme inhibitor (teprotide, 2 mg X kg-1 i.v.) induced a comparable fall in blood pressure: -16 +/- 10 and -30 +/- 10 mmHg, respectively. Similar effects were observed on blood pressure of anesthetized marmosets. The correlation between pretreatment plasma renin concentration and the maximum fall in blood pressure was significant and identical for the experiments with antiserum and teprotide. These results demonstrate that antisera against human renin can be used for the specific blockade of the renin-angiotensin system in primates. In normotensive marmosets the renin-angiotensin system participates in the maintenance of blood pressure, to a degree depending on the state of sodium balance.

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