Pituitary-Adrenal Response to Static Exercise in Man

1975 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. D. Few ◽  
F. J. Imms ◽  
J. S. Weiner
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Strain Gauge ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Catecholamine ◽  
Static Exercise ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Adrenal Response ◽  
The Subject

1. Changes in plasma concentrations of catecholamines and Cortisol were measured before and after static exercise performed by the subject pushing with both legs against a strain-gauge bar. No marked changes in plasma catecholamine were observed but plasma Cortisol increased after the subject pushed for 3 min at 50% of maximum force. 2. Holding a 20 kg weight for 5 min in one hand caused a rise in plasma Cortisol and in plasma ACTH but no changes in growth hormone were observed.

Marked differences in functioning of the hypothalamicpituitary-adrenal axis between groups of men

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1979-1988 ◽  
Author(s):  
John S. Petrides ◽  
Philip W. Gold ◽  
Gregory P. Mueller ◽  
Anita Singh ◽  
Costas Stratakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Growth Hormone Secretion ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Adrenal Axis ◽  
Low Responders ◽  
Exercise Induced

Petrides, John S., Philip W. Gold, Gregory P. Mueller, Anita Singh, Costas Stratakis, George P. Chrousos, and Patricia A. Deuster.Marked differences in functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis between groups of men. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(6): 1979–1988, 1997.—To compare profiles of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) responsiveness, healthy, moderately trained men ( n = 15) were classified as high ( n = 7) or low responders ( n = 8) on the basis of plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) responses to strenuous treadmill exercise 4 h after 4 mg of dexamethasone (Dex). These groups were then evaluated to compare 1) HPA and growth hormone responses to exercise at 90% maximal oxygen uptake 4 h after placebo, Dex (4 mg), and hydrocortisone (100 mg); 2) pituitary-adrenal responses to infusion of arginine vasopressin (AVP); 3) plasma cortisol after a Dex suppression test (1 mg); and 4) behavioral characteristics. In comparison to low responders, high responders exhibited significantly 1) higher plasma ACTH responses to exercise after placebo and Dex; 2) higher plasma AVP secretion with exercise after placebo and marked Dex- and hydrocortisone-induced enhancement of exercise-induced AVP secretion; 3) lower Dex-induced increases in basal and stimulated growth hormone secretion; 4) higher plasma ACTH responses to infusion of AVP; and 5) a trend ( P = 0.09) for higher trait anxiety ratings. Similar suppression of plasma cortisol was noted after 1 mg Dex. We conclude that subgroups of healthy male volunteers exhibit unique profiles of HPA responsiveness. We also believe that glucocorticoid pretreatment combined with strenuous exercise allows functional HPA responsiveness to be distinguished between subgroups of healthy controls and may be useful in the determination of susceptibility to disorders characterized by hyper- and hypo-HPA activation.

Effect of exogenous β-endorphin on anterior pituitary hormone secretion in man

1982 ◽  
Vol 99 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsutomu Oyama ◽  
Ryuji Yamaya ◽  
Toshiro Jin ◽  
Tsuyoshi Kudo
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Hormone Secretion ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Adrenocortical Function ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Pituitary Hormone ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Anterior Pituitary Hormone

Abstract. The effect of large amounts of synthesized human β-endorphin (β-Ep) administered intrathecally on pituitary-adrenocortical function was investigated by determining the plasma levels of ACTH, cortisol, growth hormone and prolactin in 8 patients with pain caused by severe disseminated cancer. They were divided into 2 groups, an Ep group of 8 patients and a control group of 5 of the same 8 patients. There were no significant effects of β-Ep on plasma ACTH, cortisol and growth hormone levels. However, the injection of β-Ep into human subjects resulted in a rise in plasma concentrations of prolactin.

scholarly journals Plasma profiles of adrenocorticotropic hormone, cortisol, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and growth hormone in dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism before and after hypophysectomy

2006 ◽  
Vol 190 (3) ◽  
pp. 601-609 ◽  
Author(s):  
J M Hanson ◽  
H S Kooistra ◽  
J A Mol ◽  
E Teske ◽  
B P Meij
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Pulse Frequency ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Basal Plasma ◽  
Stimulating Hormone

The 6-h plasma profiles of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), cortisol, α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH), and GH were studied in 17 dogs with pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism (PDH) before and after hypophysectomy. The aim of the study was to investigate the relation between the hormone profile characteristics and recurrence of PDH after surgery. The hormones were secreted in a pulsatile fashion. The basal plasma cortisol concentration and area under the curve (AUC) for cortisol were significantly higher in the PDH cases than in eight controls. The characteristics of the plasma profiles of ACTH and α-MSH were not significantly different between the PDH cases and the controls. In the PDH cases, less GH was secreted in pulses than in the controls, but the difference was not significant. The basal plasma cortisol concentration, the AUC for ACTH and cortisol, and the pulse frequency of ACTH and cortisol decreased significantly after hypophysectomy for the group of PDH cases. The basal plasma concentrations of ACTH and α-MSH, the AUC for α-MSH, and the characteristics of the plasma GH profiles of the PDH cases remained unchanged after hypophysectomy. No pulses of α-MSH were observed after hypophysectomy. The co-occurrence between the ACTH and cortisol pulses decreased significantly with hypophysectomy. The postoperative pulse frequency of ACTH was the only characteristic with predictive value for the recurrence of PDH after hypophysectomy. The results of this study demonstrate that ACTH, cortisol, α-MSH, and GH are secreted in a pulsatile fashion in dogs with PDH. Hypophysectomy effectively reduces the secretion of ACTH and cortisol. The presence of ACTH pulses after hypophysectomy is a risk factor for the recurrence of hyperadrenocorticism.

Disturbed Endocrine Function in the Psychoses

1989 ◽  
Vol 155 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. J. Whalley ◽  
J. E. Christie ◽  
D. H. R. Blackwood ◽  
J. Bennie ◽  
H. Dick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Major Depressive Disorder ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Endocrine Function ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Manic Disorder ◽  
Drug Free ◽  
Discriminant Function Analyses

Discriminant function analyses were performed on plasma concentrations of prolactin, growth hormone, Cortisol, TSH, and the neurophysins measured over 17 hours in 70 newly admitted drug-free psychiatric patients and 35 control subjects. The hormone data distinguished between patients with different classes of drug-free psychosis (26 schizophrenic, 12 with manic disorder, 10 with major depressive disorder, psychotic subtype, 9 with schizoaffective mania (SAM)). Higher plasma Cortisol and lower TSH concentrations separated eight of nine SAM patients from all others.

Are fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone and renin secretion suppressed by maternal cortisol secretion?

1988 ◽  
Vol 255 (3) ◽  
pp. R412-R417 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. E. Wood
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Plasma Renin ◽  
Maternal Plasma ◽  
Renin Secretion ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Fetal Sheep ◽  
Fetal Plasma ◽  
Adrenal Secretion

Previous studies from this laboratory have demonstrated that intravenous infusions of hydrocortisone (cortisol) into fetal sheep at rates that produce plasma concentrations achieved during fetal stress inhibit fetal adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and renin secretion. The present study was designed to test for inhibition of fetal renin and ACTH after maternal adrenal secretion of cortisol. ACTH-(1-24) or saline infusion into 12 pregnant ewes (120-132 days gestation) at rates of 0, 1, 5, or 20 ng ACTH.kg-1.min-1 for 5 h produced dose-related increases in maternal plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations and fetal plasma cortisol concentration. In the 20-ng.kg-1.min-1 group, increases in fetal plasma cortisol of 8.0 ng/ml (to 24.3 +/- 3.7 ng/ml) did not suppress basal fetal plasma renin activity. One hour after the end of the maternal vehicle or ACTH infusion, fetal ACTH secretion was stimulated by fetal intravenous infusion of sodium nitroprusside. In the 0-, 1-, and 5-ng.kg-1.min-1 groups, fetal ACTH responses to nitroprusside were suppressed in animals infused with ACTH. Together, these results indicate that the maternal adrenal secretion of cortisol inhibits stimulated secretion of ACTH but not renin in 120- to 132-day-gestation fetal sheep.

PLASMA CORTISOL PROFILES IN CUSHING'S SYNDROME

1979 ◽  
Vol 91 (2) ◽  
pp. 319-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koichiro Yoshida ◽  
Hiroshi Satowa ◽  
Akio Sato ◽  
Yoichi Ichikawa ◽  
Jacob Kream ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cushing’S Syndrome ◽  
Bronchogenic Carcinoma ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Cushing's Syndrome ◽  
Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Adrenocortical Adenoma ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Plasma Cortisol Concentration ◽  
Coefficients Of Variation

ABSTRACT Plasma cortisol profiles were studied by the frequent sampling method in 5 patients with Cushing's disease (CD), 7 patients with Cushing's syndrome due to adrenocortical adenoma (AA), and one patient with bronchogenic carcinoma. Plasma ACTH was measured by radioimmunoassay at 10 min intervals in 2 of the subjects. In CD, there was distinct episodic secretion of cortisol and ACTH; the coefficients of variation about the mean plasma cortisol concentration ranged from 24 to 27 %; plasma ACTH ranged from zero to 455 pg/ml with a mean of 94 pg/ml. In AA, the tumour secreted cortisol at a constant rate with little fluctuation; the coefficients of variation of plasma cortisol concentration ranged from 8 to 14%; plasma concentrations of ACTH were always near zero. In the patient with bronchogenic carcinoma, the coefficient of variation of cortisol was 14 %. These results were apparent even in profiles of plasma cortisol concentrations measured over only a 6 h period. It is concluded that characteristics of plasma cortisol and ACTH secretory patterns are helpful in differentiating Cushing's syndrome of differing aetiology.

scholarly journals SINDROMA CUSHING PADA KEHAMILAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Yetti Hernaningsih ◽  
Sidarti Soehita
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Physical Examination ◽  
Plasma Cortisol ◽  
Adrenal Tumor ◽  
Full Moon ◽  
Cushing Syndrome ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Buffalo Hump

A 32 years old woman, pregnant 24-25 weeks, was admitted to the hospital with complaints of weakness, 6 years amenorrhoe, bruises on the skin and hair loss. Physical examination showed full moon face, buffalo hump, striae lividae, and echymosis. She was diagnosed as Cushing Syndrome with possible etiology adrenal tumor based on laboratory results: glucose intolerance, hypokalemia, increament of plasma cortisol before and after dexamethason supression tests (1352 and 1297 nmol/l), also decreement of plasma ACTH (5 pg/ml). During 22 days hospitalization, the patient’s condition became worse (heart failure, sepsis and shock).

Effects of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Adrenal axis of Patients With Depression

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1143-1143
Author(s):  
M. He ◽  
Z. Gu ◽  
X. Wang ◽  
X. Tian
Keyword(s):  
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal ◽  
Before And After

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of sleep electroencephalogram-modulated repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (SEM-rTMS) and conventional rTMS (C-rTMS) on the activity of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis in patients with depression.MethodsIn a double-blind, randomized controlled trial, 164 patients diagnosed with depression were randomized to treatment with SEM-rTMS (n = 57), C-rTMS (n = 55) or sham rTMS (n = 52) for 30 min every day for 10 d. Before and after treatment plasma concentrations of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) and cortisol (CORT) were measured, and the 24-item Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD-24) was used for assessment.ResultsThe HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH and CORT concentrations of these depressive patients before treatment were significantly different from those of the normal control group (P < 0.05). The HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH and CORT concentrations in the SEM-r TMS group and conventional rTMS group were decreased significantly (P < 0.05). There was a significant positive correlation between the HAMD-24 scores and plasma ACTH (n = 240, r = 0.105, P = 0.048) and CORT concentrations (n = 240, r = 0.126, P = 0.023) in the patients with depression before and after treatment.ConclusionThe antidepressant effect of rTMS, including SEM-rTMS, may be related to its decreasing HPA axis activity. (This trail was registered. No: ChiCTR-TRC-00000465).

PROLACTIN AND THE PITUITARY-GONADAL AXIS IN MALE URAEMIC PATIENTS ON REGULAR DIALYSIS

1976 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hagen ◽  
K. Ølgaard ◽  
A. S. McNeilly ◽  
R. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Follicle Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽  
Elevated Plasma ◽  
Hormone Binding ◽  
Hormone Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Male Patients

ABSTRACT In 21 consecutive adult male patients with chronic renal failure on regular haemo- or peritoneal dialysis, the plasma levels of prolactin (hPr), growth hormone (HGH), thyrotrophin (TSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), testosterone (T) and sex hormone binding globulin (SHBG) were measured. Elevated levels of hPr were found in 16 of the patients and could not only be explained by the medicamentation. All the patients studied showed an inverse ratio of LH to FSH with higher levels of FSH than LH and 15 of the 21 patients had elevated plasma concentrations of FSH, while only 4 had elevated LH. No significant difference in any of the hormone levels could be demonstrated before and after dialysis, and no significant correlation between the hormone levels and the time of dialysis, the type of dialysis or the age of the patient was found. However, 8 of the 21 patients showed higher levels of HGH before than after dialysis. Impotency was found in 11 of the patients, but was not related to abnormal levels of hPr, LH, FSH, T or SHBG.

scholarly journals Effect of Myiasis and Acute Restraint Stress on Plasma Levels of Immunoreactive , ß-Endorphin, Adrenocorticotrophin (ACTH) and Cortisol in the Sheep

1988 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 297 ◽  
Author(s):  
DA Shutt ◽  
AI Smith ◽  
CA Wallace ◽  
R Connell ◽  
LR Fell
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Levels ◽  
Restraint Stress ◽  
Surgical Stress ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Physiological Changes ◽  
Plasma Acth ◽  
Acute Restraint Stress ◽  
Cutaneous Myiasis ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pituitary Adrenal Axis

Cutaneous myiasis in sheep arising from the activity of Lucilia cuprina larvae can result in significant physiological changes in susceptible animals. The stress imposed on the pituitary-adrenal axis of the sheep in response to myiasis and acute restraint is the subject of this investigation. Merino wethers were exposed to handling restraint, and blood sampling, during examination for blowfly strike; where necessary, they were treated for cutaneous myiasis. Significant changes in the plasma concentrations of immunoreactive J3-endorphin (J3-EP), ACTH and cortisol were found in sheep with extensive myiasis, as compared with unstruck sheep or those with only localized myiasis. In five susceptible sheep with extensive cutaneous myiasis, mean plasma levels of J3-EP, ACTH and cortisol were 307 � 71 pg ml-1, 953 � 58 pg ml-1 and 232 � 46 nmoll-1 respectively, compared with 818 � 89 pg ml-1, 641 � 41 pg ml-1 and 107 � 17 nmol I-I in six unstruck sheep handled similarly. Whereas significant increases in plasma ACTH and cortisol can result from pituitary-adrenal responses to acute emotional or surgical stress, and are usually accompanied by a concomitant release of J3-EP from the pituitary, the present findings indicate a marked reduction in J3-EP levels and a significant increase in ACTH and cortisol in sheep following blowfly strike and acute handling restraint. This result suggests that cutaneous myiasis in susceptible sheep can alter the pituitaryadrenal response to acute restraint stress, and this could occur either by an alteration of precursor processing in the pituitary or by the selective release of ACTH.

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