scholarly journals Effects of testosterone on the metabolism of folate coenzymes in the rat

1972 ◽  
Vol 126 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-294 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Rovinetti ◽  
C. Bovina ◽  
B. Tolomelli ◽  
M. Marchetti
Keyword(s):  
Control Mechanism ◽  
Normal Values ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Serine Hydroxymethyltransferase ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Accessory Sex Organs ◽  
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Dehydrogenase

1. The effects of castration and testosterone treatment on enzymic activities involved in folate coenzyme metabolism in the liver and in accessory sex organs of male adult rats were studied. 2. In the liver of castrated rats the concentration of 10-formyltetrahydrofolate (10-HCO-H4folate) synthetase and tetrahydrofolate (H4folate) dehydrogenase were significantly decreased whereas that of 5,10-methylenetetrahydrofolate dehydrogenase increased; the treatment with five doses of testosterone caused a return to normal values of these activities. 3. In the prostate of castrated rats a pronounced decrease in H4folate dehydrogenase, serine hydroxymethyltransferase and 10-HCO-H4folate synthetase activities was observed. The administration of testosterone restored the enzymic activities to normal values. 4. In the seminal vesicles of castrated rats only 10-HCO-H4folate synthetase was markedly depressed; testosterone treatment not only restored activity to normal values but raised it to higher than normal values. The slight changes observed in other enzymic activities also returned to normal values with the hormone treatment. 5. These results are discussed in relation to a possible control mechanism of folate metabolism by testosterone.

DIETARY RESTRICTION AND THE ENDOCRINE TESTIS; SIMULATION OF THE SYSTEMIC EFFECTS OF SEVERE COLD(−5 °C)

1965 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 809-817 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. J. Perrault ◽  
L. P. Dugal
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Restricted Diet ◽  
Testosterone Treatment ◽  
Metabolic Alterations ◽  
Weight Percentage ◽  
Loss Of Weight ◽  
Accessory Sex Organs ◽  
Systemic Component

Previous work has suggested that the degeneration of the male reproductive system caused by severe cold (−5 °C; 18–32 days) represents the sum of the following factors: (a) systemic, or metabolic alterations in various structures of the entire organism; (b) endocrine, or neurohumoral events, especially androgenic.Observation of changes in weight of the accessory sex organs, prostate and seminal vesicles, as indicators of androgenic function, permits a demonstration of the two separate effects of cold. A restricted diet given to animals at room temperature results in a loss of body weight (percentage of control) almost identical in rate and in level with the loss caused by cold, and simulates the systemic component of the action of cold; the observed loss of weight of the accessories follows the proportionality (nonlinear) between body weight and organ weight. The further loss observed in the accessories of the cold-exposed rat may then be taken to represent the endocrine component, that is, the true androgenic depression; testosterone treatment in the "starved" castrate at room temperature shows the dissociation between the two components.

The Influence of Testosterone on the Endogenous Levels of Prostaglandin F in the Accessory Reproductive Glands of the Adult Male Rat

1974 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 364-367 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. B. Sutherland ◽  
A. H. Telli ◽  
R. L. Singhal
Keyword(s):  
Free Testosterone ◽  
Hormone Treatment ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Male Rat ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Intramuscular Dose ◽  
Accessory Reproductive Glands ◽  
Adult Male Rat ◽  
Prostaglandin F

Orchidectomy increased the endogenous concentration of prostaglandin F (PGF) in the prostatic and vesicular glands of adult rats. A single intramuscular dose of free testosterone (5.0 mg/100 g) was able to reverse the effects of castration on PGF concentration of the accessory reproductive organs. In the case of seminal vesicles, administration of testosterone to castrate rats markedly reduced the PGF levels within 144 h of hormone treatment.

scholarly journals Prenatal exposure to di-n-butyl phthalate induces erectile dysfunction in male adult rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 219 ◽  
pp. 112323
Author(s):  
Xiang Zhou ◽  
Tongtong Zhang ◽  
Lebin Song ◽  
Yichun Wang ◽  
Qijie Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Erectile Dysfunction ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Butyl Phthalate

Suppression of pituitary-testis function in rats treated neonatally with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist and antagonist: acute and long-term effects

1989 ◽  
Vol 123 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
K.-L. Kolho ◽  
I. Huhtaniemi
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Gnrh Agonist ◽  
Gnrh Antagonist ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Releasing Hormone ◽  
Serum Lh ◽  
Accessory Sex Organs ◽  
Gonadotrophin Releasing Hormone

ABSTRACT The acute and long-term effects of pituitary-testis suppression with a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist, d-Ser(But)6des-Gly10-GnRH N-ethylamide (buserelin; 0·02, 0·1, 1·0 or 10 mg/kg body weight per day s.c.) or antagonist, N-Ac-d-Nal(2)1,d-p-Cl-Phe2,d-Trp3,d-hArg(Et2)6,d-Ala10-GnRH (RS 68439; 2 mg/kg body weight per day s.c.) were studied in male rats treated on days 1–15 of life. The animals were killed on day 16 (acute effects) or as adults (130–160 days; long-term effects). Acutely, the lowest dose of the agonist decreased pituitary FSH content and testicular LH receptors, but with increasing doses pituitary and serum LH concentrations, intratesticular testosterone content and weights of testes were also suppressed (P< 0·05–0·01). No decrease was found in serum FSH or in weights of accessory sex organs even with the highest dose of the agonist, the latter finding indicating continuing secretion of androgens. The GnRH antagonist treatment suppressed pituitary LH and FSH contents and serum LH (P< 0·05–0·01) but, as with the agonist, serum FSH remained unaltered. Testicular testosterone and testis weights were decreased (P <0·01) but testicular LH receptors remained unchanged. Moreover, the seminal vesicle and ventral prostate weights were reduced, in contrast to the effects of the agonists. Pituitary LH and FSH contents had recovered in all adult rats treated neonatally with agonist and there was no effect on serum LH and testosterone concentrations or on fertility. In contrast, in adult rats treated neonatally with antagonist, weights of testis and accessory sex organs remained decreased (P <0·01–0·05) but hormone secretion from the pituitary and testis had returned to normal except that serum FSH was increased by 80% (P <0·01). Interestingly, 90% of the antagonist-treated animals were infertile. It is concluded that treatment with a GnRH agonist during the neonatal period does not have a chronic effect on pituitary-gonadal function. In contrast, GnRH antagonist treatment neonatally permanently inhibits the development of the testis and accessory sex organs and results in infertility. Interestingly, despite the decline of pituitary FSH neonatally, neither of the GnRH analogues was able to suppress serum FSH values and this differs from the concomitant changes in LH and from the effects of similar treatments in adult rats. Journal of Endocrinology (1989) 123, 83–91

Anticonvulsant and procognitive properties of the non-imidazole histamine H3 receptor antagonist DL77 in male adult rats

2016 ◽  
Vol 106 ◽  
pp. 46-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassem Sadek ◽  
Ali Saad ◽  
Dhanasekaran Subramanian ◽  
Mohamed Shafiullah ◽  
Dorota Łażewska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Receptor Antagonist ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Histamine H3 Receptor ◽  
H3 Receptor ◽  
Histamine H3

Behavioral, hormonal, and neurochemical outcomes of neonatal repeated shaking brain injury in male adult rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 118-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiromi Tanaka ◽  
Ayuka Ehara ◽  
Kazuhiko Nakadate ◽  
Kanji Yoshimoto ◽  
Kazutaka Shimoda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Injury ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult

scholarly journals Pentoxifylline prevents the transition from the hyperdynamic to hypodynamic response during sepsis

1999 ◽  
Vol 277 (3) ◽  
pp. H1036-H1044 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaolong Yang ◽  
Mian Zhou ◽  
Douglas J. Koo ◽  
Irshad H. Chaudry ◽  
Ping Wang
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cardiac Output ◽  
Cardiovascular Response ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Organ Blood Flow ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Morphological Alterations ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Renal Oxygen

The cardiovascular response to sepsis includes an early, hyperdynamic phase followed by a late, hypodynamic phase. Although administration of pentoxifylline (PTX) produces beneficial effects in sepsis, it remains unknown whether this agent prevents the transition from the hyperdynamic to the hypodynamic response during the progression of sepsis. To study this, male adult rats were subjected to polymicrobial sepsis by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). At 1 h after CLP, PTX (50 mg/kg body wt) or vehicle was infused intravenously over 30 min. At 20 h after CLP (i.e., the late stage of sepsis), cardiac output and organ blood flow were measured by radioactive microspheres. Systemic and regional (i.e., hepatic, intestinal, and renal) oxygen delivery (Do 2) and oxygen consumption (V˙o 2) were determined. Moreover, plasma levels of lactate and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were measured, and histological examinations were performed. In additional animals, the necrotic cecum was excised at 20 h after CLP, and mortality was monitored for 10 days thereafter. The results indicate that cardiac output, organ blood flow, and systemic and regional Do 2decreased by 36–65% ( P < 0.05) at 20 h after CLP. Administration of PTX early after the onset of sepsis, however, prevented reduction in measured hemodynamic parameters and increased systemic and regional Do 2 andV˙o 2 by 50–264% ( P < 0.05). The elevated levels of lactate (by 173%, P < 0.05) and ALT (by 718%, P < 0.05), as well as the morphological alterations in the liver, small intestine, and kidneys during sepsis were attenuated by PTX treatment. In addition, PTX treatment decreased the mortality rate from 50 to 0% ( P < 0.05) after CLP and cecal excision. Because PTX prevents the occurrence of hypodynamic sepsis, this agent appears to be a useful adjunct for maintaining hemodynamic stability and preventing lethality from sepsis.

Induction of functional cytodifferentiation in the epithelium of tissue recombinants. I. Homotypic seminal vesicle recombinants

Development ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 106 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.J. Higgins ◽  
P. Young ◽  
J.R. Brody ◽  
G.R. Cunha
Keyword(s):  
Seminal Vesicle ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Seminal Vesicles ◽  
Neonatal Rat ◽  
Secretory Proteins ◽  
Functional Variation ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Normal Functional

Functional cytodifferentiation of seminal vesicle epithelium was investigated in tissue recombinants. Neonatal rat and mouse seminal vesicles were separated into epithelium and mesenchyme using trypsin. Epithelium and mesenchyme were then recombined in vitro to form interspecific rat/mouse homotypic recombinants. Growth as renal grafts in adult male athymic mice resulted in seminal vesicle morphogenesis in 70% of the recombinants (the remaining 30% failed to grow). Functional cytodifferentiation was judged by the expression of the major androgen-dependent secretory proteins characteristic of the seminal vesicles of adult rats and mice. Antibodies specific for each of these proteins were used to screen tissue sections by immunocytochemistry and to probe protein extracts by immunoblotting techniques. The heterospecific recombinants synthesized the full range of seminal vesicle secretory proteins that typifies the species providing the epithelium of the recombinant, not the mesenchyme. There was little functional variation between individual recombinants. The time course of development corresponded to that of intact neonatal seminal vesicles grown under the same conditions. Morphogenesis and functional cytodifferentiation were not evident after one week, but were well advanced after two weeks. Seminal vesicle recombinants grown for three weeks were indistinguishable morphologically and functionally from normal adult seminal vesicles. In addition, the ability of adult seminal vesicle epithelium to be induced to proliferate was examined. In association with neonatal seminal vesicle mesenchyme, the epithelium of the adult seminal vesicle proliferated and retained its normal functional activity. Thus, seminal vesicle functional cytodifferentiation can be faithfully reproduced in homotypic tissue recombinants. The methods used in this study will be used to investigate seminal vesicle development in instructive inductions of heterotypic epithelia.

scholarly journals Differential effects in male adult rats of lifelong coconut oil exposure versus during early-life only

2019 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 17-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernanda Torres Quitete ◽  
Egberto Gaspar de Moura ◽  
Geórgia Correa Atella ◽  
Patricia Cristina Lisboa ◽  
Elaine de Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Coconut Oil ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Oil Exposure

Mechanical and metabolic alterations in rat diaphragm during electrical stimulation

1989 ◽  
Vol 67 (1) ◽  
pp. 210-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. S. Massarelli ◽  
H. J. Green ◽  
R. L. Hughson ◽  
M. T. Sharratt
Keyword(s):  
Duty Cycle ◽  
Adenine Nucleotide ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Maximal Velocity ◽  
Force Output ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Adult Rats ◽  
Male Adult ◽  
Fatigue Development

To investigate the hypothesis that the rate of fatigue development is not influenced by the absolute duration of contraction (train duration) and relaxation (off-phase of duty cycle) at constant duty cycle, strips of the diaphragm from 36 male adult rats (mean +/- SD wt 152 +/- 21 g) were stimulated directly for periods of 180, 250, and 320 ms at a constant duty cycle of 50%. The frequency of stimulation was adjusted to produce 40% of maximal tetanic tension at supramaximal voltages. After 30 min of stimulation, analysis of twitch characteristics between control and experimental groups indicated a prolongation of contraction time of 9% (P less than 0.05), an increase in relaxation time of 75% (P less than 0.05), and a decrease in twitch tension by 78% (P less than 0.05). Similarly, reductions (P less than 0.05) in isometric force output at high stimulation frequency (100 Hz) of 58% and at low frequency (20 Hz) of 67% were also noted. These changes were accompanied by an approximately 60% reduction in the maximal velocity of shortening. No difference was observed for any of the mechanical measures between experimental conditions. After 30-min stimulation, decreases of between 43 and 46% were noted for ATP (P less than 0.05) and increases of between three- and fourfold noted for IMP (P less than 0.05). No changes were found for either ADP or AMP. Total adenine nucleotide concentrations declined (P less than 0.05) an average of 24%. As with the mechanical data, no differences were found between the different stimulation conditions. It is concluded that for the conditions studied, fatigue mechanisms become manifest early in the stimulation period and are only minimally altered by the duration of specific contractions provided the relaxation period is of equal duration.

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