scholarly journals BIOSYNTHESIS OF NUCLEIC ACIDS IN BACILLUS MEGATERIUM. 2. THE FORMATION OF RIBONUCLEIC ACID BY NUCLEAR MATERIAL IN VITRO

1963 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 252-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
GC BARR ◽  
JAV BUTLER
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Bacillus Megaterium ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Nuclear Material

scholarly journals Nucleic Acids and the Biosynthesis of Collagen

1957 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 398 ◽  
Author(s):  
PH Springell
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Deoxyribonucleic Acid ◽  
Protein Fractions ◽  
Marked Inhibition ◽  
In Vitro Incubation ◽  
Skin Protein ◽  
Pre Treatment ◽  
Salt Fractionation

The study of skin protein fractions obtained by salt fractionation indicates that collagen is associated to a greater extent with the ribonucleoprotein fraction than with the deoxyribonucleoprotein fraction. The gelatin derived from the ribonucleoprotein fraction following in vitro incubation of foetal lambskin in the presence of glycine-2-14C was appreciably radioactive. Pre-treatment of the skin with crystalline ribonuclease resulted in a marked inhibition of glycine incorporation into total gelatin. whereas crystalline deoxyribonuclease had little effect. It is therefore concluded that ribonucleic acid rather than deoxyribonucleic acid is associated with the biosynthesis of collagen.

scholarly journals Effect of phenobarbitone on the nucleocytoplasmic transport of ribonucleic acid in vitro

1976 ◽  
Vol 156 (3) ◽  
pp. 665-670 ◽  
Author(s):  
N Hazan ◽  
R McCauley
Keyword(s):  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Ribonucleic Acid ◽  
Nucleocytoplasmic Transport ◽  
Assay System ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Potential Site ◽  
Isolated Rat ◽  
Stimulation Of

The transport of nucleic acids from the nucleus to the cytoplasm is a potential site for modification of normal cellular processes by drugs and hormones. In this study the effect of phenobarbitone on nucleocytoplasmic transport of ribosomes was measured in an assay system in vitro. The transport of radioactive ribosomes from isolated rat hepatic nuclei to unlabelled post-microsomal supernatant was measured in rats treated with 80 mg of phenobarbitone/kg body wt. or saline 3h before death. With either treatment, transport was linear with time, and dependent on temperature and the presence of ATP. However, phenobarbitone treatment increased transport of ribonucleoproteins over saline-treated animals nearly twofold. The effect of phenobarbitone was mediated through the cytosol, but was not the result of altered stability of the RNA transported to the cytosol. Cycloheximide (5 mg/kg body wt.) given 3.5 h before death inhibited the stimulation of transport by phenobarbitone. The data indicate that phenobarbitone increased the transport of RNA by stimulating the synthesis of cytosol factors that regulate transport of RNA from the nucleus.

Exosome as a Natural Gene Delivery Vector for Cancer Treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
pp. 821-830
Author(s):  
Prasad Pofali ◽  
Adrita Mondal ◽  
Vaishali Londhe
Keyword(s):  
Gene Therapy ◽  
Gene Delivery ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Intestinal Barrier ◽  
Gene Carrier ◽  
Gene Delivery Vector ◽  
Delivery Vector

Background: Current gene therapy vectors such as viral, non-viral, and bacterial vectors, which are used for cancer treatment, but there are certain safety concerns and stability issues of these conventional vectors. Exosomes are the vesicles of size 40-100 nm secreted from multivesicular bodies into the extracellular environment by most of the cell types in-vivo and in-vitro. As a natural nanocarrier, exosomes are immunologically inert, biocompatible, and can cross biological barriers like the blood-brain barrier, intestinal barrier, and placental barrier. Objective: This review focusses on the role of exosome as a carrier to efficiently deliver a gene for cancer treatment and diagnosis. The methods for loading of nucleic acids onto the exosomes, advantages of exosomes as a smart intercellular shuttle for gene delivery and therapeutic applications as a gene delivery vector for siRNA, miRNA and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and also the limitations of exosomes as a gene carrier are all reviewed in this article. Methods: Mostly, electroporation and chemical transfection are used to prepare gene loaded exosomes. Results: Exosome-mediated delivery is highly promising and advantageous in comparison to the current delivery methods for systemic gene therapy. Targeted exosomes, loaded with therapeutic nucleic acids, can efficiently promote the reduction of tumor proliferation without any adverse effects. Conclusion: In the near future, exosomes can become an efficient gene carrier for delivery and a biomarker for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer.

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