Lipid nanotubes as an organic template for the fabrication of carbon nanostructures by pyrolysis

Nanoscale ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Jajcevic ◽  
Ashlin Mario Sequeira ◽  
Jana Kalbacova ◽  
Dietrich R. T. Zahn ◽  
Kaori Sugihara
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon ◽  
Organic Template ◽  
Lipid Nanotubes ◽  
Lipid Nanotube

We demonstrate the fabrication of pyrolytic carbon nanostructures through pyrolysis of lipid nanotube templates.

3D Manipulation of Lipid Nanotubes with Functional Gel Microbeads

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-204 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fumihito Arai ◽  
◽  
Toshiaki Endo ◽  
Ryuji Yamauchi ◽  
Toshio Fukuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Focal Point ◽  
Optical Trap ◽  
Ccd Camera ◽  
Observation System ◽  
Laser Tweezers ◽  
3D Space ◽  
3D Manipulation ◽  
Lipid Nanotubes ◽  
Lipid Nanotube

We developed a novel technique for manipulating lipid nanotubes in 3D space by using laser tweezers in water solutions. Laser tweezers are well known for their use in noncontact manipulation in a closed space. We reported on 3D 6DOF manipulation of microbeads using 3D synchronized laser micromanipulation (SLM), but blur is generated in the microscope image when multiple points at different heights are trapped by scanning the focal point of the laser. It is difficult to manipulate a nanoscale rod-like object stably in 3D space, since the optical trap force is weak. To manipulate a lipid nanotube, for example, we developed an observation system to less image blur by synchronizing the shutter timing of the CCD camera and laser scanning. We thus obtained a clear image of targets at different heights while manipulating them. We then developed functional gel microtools that adhere to lipid nanotubes and succeeded in controlling the position and orientation of lipid nanotubes by using 3D SLM with shutter timing control and novel functional gel microtools.

Rapid sensing of iodine ions on stress-activated pyrolytic carbon nanostructures (Conference Presentation)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivia R. Benice ◽  
Sunshine Holmberg ◽  
Maziar Ghazinejad ◽  
Marc J. Madou
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanostructures ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon

Mechanics of metallic nanoparticles inside lipid nanotubes: Suction and acceptance energies

2016 ◽  
Vol 231 (13) ◽  
pp. 2540-2553 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Sadeghi ◽  
R Ansari ◽  
M Darvizeh
Keyword(s):  
Metallic Nanoparticles ◽  
Differential Quadrature Method ◽  
Van Der Waals ◽  
Van Der Waals Interactions ◽  
Continuum Approximation ◽  
Head Group ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Lipid Nanotubes ◽  
Lipid Nanotube ◽  
Analytical Expressions

Lipid nanotubes with well-designed cylindrical structures, tunable dimensions and biocompatible membrane surfaces have found potential applications such as templates to create diverse one-dimensional nanostructures and nanocarriers for drug or gene delivery. In this regard, knowing the encapsulation process is of crucial importance for such developments. The aim of this paper is to study the suction and acceptance phenomena of metallic nanoparticles, and in particular silver and gold, inside lipid nanotubes using the continuum approximation and the 6–12 Lennard-Jones potential function. The nanoparticle is modelled as a perfect sphere and the lipid nanotube is assumed to comprise six layers, namely two head groups, two intermediate layers and two tail groups. Analytical expressions are derived through undertaking surface and volume integrals to evaluate van der Waals potential energy and interaction force of a nanoparticle entering a semi-infinite lipid nanotube. These expressions are then employed to determine the suction and acceptance energies of system. To ascertain the accuracy of the proposed analytical expressions, the multiple integrals of van der Waals interactions are evaluated numerically based on the differential quadrature method. A comprehensive study is conducted to get an insight into the effects of different geometrical parameters including radius of nanoparticles, innermost radius of lipid nanotube, head group and tail group thicknesses on the nature of suction and acceptance energies and van der Waals interactions. Numerical results show that maximum suction energy increases by enlarging the nanoparticle size, while it decreases by increasing the head group thickness or the tail group thickness. It is further found that gold nanoparticle experiences higher maximum suction energies inside lipid nanotubes compared to silver nanoparticle.

Pyrolytic carbon filaments and associated catalytic particles formed in steel tubes

1984 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 662-663
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chen ◽  
J. R. Bradley
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Catalyst Particle ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon ◽  
Plain Carbon Steel ◽  
304 Stainless Steel ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Filamentous Carbon ◽  
Carbon Filaments

Considerable effort has been directed toward an improved understanding of the production of the strong and stiff ∼ 1-20 μm diameter pyrolytic carbon fibers of the type reported by Koyama and, more recently, by Tibbetts. These macroscopic fibers are produced when pyrolytic carbon filaments (∼ 0.1 μm or less in diameter) are thickened by deposition of carbon during thermal decomposition of hydrocarbon gases. Each such precursor filament normally lengthens in association with an attached catalyst particle. The subject of filamentous carbon formation and much of the work on characterization of the catalyst particles have been reviewed thoroughly by Baker and Harris. However, identification of the catalyst particles remains a problem of continuing interest. The purpose of this work was to characterize the microstructure of the pyrolytic carbon filaments and the catalyst particles formed inside stainless steel and plain carbon steel tubes. For the present study, natural gas (∼; 97 % methane) was passed through type 304 stainless steel and SAE 1020 plain carbon steel tubes at 1240°K.

Alterations of ultrastructure and elemental composition in cultured human epidermal keratinocytes after treatment with nitrofurazone and silver sulfadiazine

1987 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 676-677
Author(s):  
A. R. Crooker ◽  
M. C. Myers ◽  
T. L. Beard ◽  
E. S. Graham
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Elemental Composition ◽  
Pyrolytic Carbon ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Silver Sulfadiazine ◽  
Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Human Epidermal Keratinocytes ◽  
Culture Systems ◽  
Cytotoxicity Endpoints

Cell culture systems have become increasingly popular as a means of screening toxic agents and studying toxic mechanisms of drugs and other chemicals at the cellular and subcellular levels. These in vitro tests can be conducted rapidly in a broad range of relevant mammalian culture systems; a variety of biological and biochemical cytotoxicity endpoints can be examined. The following study utilized human keratinocytes to evaluate the relative cytotoxicities of nitrofurazone (NF) and silver sulfadiazine (SS), the active ingredients of FURACIN(R) Topical Cream and SILVADENE(R) Cream, respectively. These compounds are anti-infectives used in the treatment of burn patients. Cell ultrastructure and elemental composition were utilized as cytotoxicity endpoints.Normal Human Epidermal Keratinocytes (HK) were prepared from the EpiPackTM culture system (Clonetics Corporation, Boulder, CO). For scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), cells were seeded on sterile 35 mm Falcon plastic dishes; for elemental microanalysis, cells were plated on polished pyrolytic carbon discs (E. Fullam, Latham, NY) placed in the culture dishes.

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