Silk Nanofibers-ZIF Hybrid Membrane with Improved Treatment Efficiency and Highly Enhanced Water Permeability for Excellent Removal of Multiple Pollutants in Water

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Sun ◽  
Shihao Sun ◽  
Genping Meng ◽  
Wenting Guo ◽  
Jun Hai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Permeability ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Hybrid Membrane ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Multiple Pollutants

The preparation of membranes with improved treatment efficiency and highly enhanced water permeability remains a distant prospect. Herein, a low-cost hybrid membrane composed of silk nanofibers (SNFs) and zeolitic imidazolate...

scholarly journals Treatment of Landfill Leachate Using Palm Oil Mill Effluent

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tawfiq J. H. Banch ◽  
Marlia M. Hanafiah ◽  
Salem S. Abu Amr ◽  
Abbas F. M. Alkarkhi ◽  
Mohammed Hasan
Keyword(s):  
Palm Oil ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Palm Oil Mill Effluent ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Aeration Time ◽  
Urban Solid Waste ◽  
Palm Oil Mill

Sanitary landfilling is the most common method of removing urban solid waste in developing countries. Landfills contain high levels of organic materials, ammonia, and heavy metals, thereby producing leachate which causes a possible future pollution of ground and surface water. Recently, agricultural waste was considered a co-substratum to promote the biodegradation of organics in industrial wastewater. The use of low-cost and natural materials for wastewater treatment is now being considered by many researchers. In this study, palm oil mill effluent (POME) was used for treating stabilized leachate from old landfill. A set of preliminary experiments using different POME/leachate ratios and aeration times was performed to identify the setting of experimental design and optimize the effect of employing POME on four responses: chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), color, and ammoniacal nitrogen (NH3-N). The treatment efficiency was evaluated based on the removal of four selected (responses) parameters. The optimum removal efficiency for COD, TSS, color, and NH3-N was 87.15%, 65.54%, 52.78%, and 91.75%, respectively, using a POME/leachate mixing ratio of 188.32 mL/811.68 mL and 21 days of aeration time. The results demonstrate that POME-based agricultural waste can be effectively employed for organic removal from leachate.

Sodium Alginate Modified Hydroxyapatite Nanotubes as a Novel Ecofriendly Additive for Preparation of Polyethersulfone Hybrid Ultrafiltration Membranes

2021 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongfeng Mu ◽  
Jun Liu ◽  
Han Feng ◽  
Guibin Wang
Keyword(s):  
Performance Test ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Hybrid Membrane ◽  
Ultrafiltration Membranes ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Modification Process ◽  
Uf Membranes ◽  
Pes Membrane ◽  
Antifouling Ability

Background: Hydrophilic nanomaterials have been extensively exploited their applications in the field of hybrid water treatment membranes. However, some of the modification process to nanomaterials may be complicated and the nonselective pores caused by the poor compatibility between nanoparticles and the polymer matrix impair the rejection efficiency for ultrafiltration application. Thus it is highly desirable to develop a kind of effective nano dopant with favorable compatibility by a facile way for the preparation of ultrafiltration membranes. Objective: The aim of this study was to fabricate a novel environmentally friendly and low-cost nano additive with good compatibility for the preparation of ultrafiltration membranes. Methods: Hydroxyapatite nanotubes were prepared via a biomimetic process and then SA was coated on the surface of hydroxyapatite nanotubes. Subsequently, a series of hybrid ultrafiltration membranes was fabricated with different amount of modified HANTs and polyethersulfone (PES). Results: Exhaustive characterizations were conducted for the membranes including hydrophilicity, porosity, mean pore size, morphologies and UF performance test. The highest water flux of the hybrid membranes displayed 1.9 times that of original PES membrane. Meanwhile, the hybrid membrane with 0.2% hydroxyapatite nanotubes obtained elevated antifouling ability, achieving flux recovery ratio of 85.6%. Conclusion: The facile coating of SA endowed the nanotubes improved hydrophilicity and meanwhile enhanced the compatibility between PES and HANTs. This work provides a facile way in the construction of green nanofillers and promising results in preparation of hybrid UF membranes.

scholarly journals Experimental Study on the Adoption of Flushing Technique in Successive Alkalinity-Producing Systems with a Focus on Influence Radius of Orifice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Kil Lee ◽  
Young-Wook Cheong
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Experimental Method ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Water Permeability ◽  
Glass Bead ◽  
Mine Drainage ◽  
Entire System ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Spherical Volume ◽  
Influence Radius

Abstract As a successive alkalinity-producing system pond for purifying mine drainage is operated, sediment accumulates in the limestone layer of the pond, and as the amount of accumulated sediment increases, the water permeability and treatment efficiency of the pond decrease. Hence, a flushing system is required, comprising of a network of perforated pipes installed in the limestone layers, to periodically discharge sediment and mine drainage to the outside. The performance of a flushing system depends on four distinct characteristics of the system: the characteristics of the limestone layer, the sediment, the flow, and the flushing device. However, existing studies have evaluated the performance of the entire system without considering these conditions. In this study, a new experimental method for designing a flushing system is proposed. This method is based on an experiment to evaluate the influence radius of orifice, which is the radius of the spherical volume around an orifice that can suck sludge by flushing. The results showed that the flow rate of water through the orifice in the glass bead layer matched well with the Blake–Kozeny formula, and that the greater the diameter of the orifice, the greater the influence radius of orifice. The influence radius of orifice according to the diameter and spacing of the orifice was evaluated, which provides a key criterion for designing a flushing system.

scholarly journals Scientometric analysis applied to the water treatment with activated carbon

2020 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. e27
Author(s):  
Kelly Kathleen Almeida Heylmann ◽  
Bruno Vasconcellos Lopes ◽  
Carolina Faccio Demarco ◽  
Thays França Afonso ◽  
Tito Roberto Sant'Anna Cadaval Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Temporal Evolution ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Precursor Material

The current moment requires the development of new technologies that can provide alternatives to conventional treatment and that efficiently remove pollutants that are difficult to treat. Activated carbon has been highlighted as low cost material that can be used as adsorbents for the removal of contaminants. Thus, the aim of the present study was to analyse the relevant literature related to the production of activated carbon for the treatment of water. For the study, there were found 4,182 relevant studies in the database of the Web of Science and from these restrictions and readings were obtained 27 articles. The information obtained was: i - temporal evolution of publications, ii - distribution of articles by periodicals, iii - spatial distribution, iv - precursor material, v - activation technology, vi - pollutants and vii - treatment efficiency. Results show that the activated carbon produced from corn and industrial ash residues are good adsorbents. Dyes, heavy metals and phenols were the most studied pollutants, and had the higher treatment efficiency values. The approach of the present study allows to identify the main points of this new technology and it helps to support new researches and applications

scholarly journals Effect of Polyethylene Strips Surface Roughness on Its Efficiency for Enhancement of Wastewater Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 3514-3519
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Wwtp Effluent ◽  
Cheap Method ◽  
Proportional Effect ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluent

This study aimed to determine the effect of roughness surface for polyethylene strips on its quality for enhancement the characteristics of wastewater treatment plant effluent as a very cheap method. The study was applied at Abu Rawash WWTP effluent channel using the smooth and rough polyethylene strips where a biofilm layer forms above its surface. The removal ratio for smooth polyethylene strips for BOD and TSS was 4.45 and 4.33% respectively, while for the rough polyethylene strips was 14.10 and 13.37 respectively. This shows the success of the polyethylene strips even smooth or rough to remove both the BOD and TSS from treated wastewater. The results show that the material roughness affected the treatment efficiency with proportional effect. And the rough surface has a good removal efficiency that makes it more applicable for such purpose of enhancing the treated wastewater with very low cost technique.

scholarly journals Application of Electro-Fenton Technology to Remediation of Polluted Effluents by Self-Sustaining Process

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Ángeles Fernández de Dios ◽  
Olaia Iglesias ◽  
Marta Pazos ◽  
Maria Ángeles Sanromán
Keyword(s):  
Organic Pollutants ◽  
Microbial Fuel Cells ◽  
Advanced Oxidation Process ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Reactive Black 5 ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Phenanthrene Degradation ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic ◽  
High Treatment

The applicability of electro-Fenton technology to remediation of wastewater contaminated by several organic pollutants such as dyes and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons has been evaluated using iron-enriched zeolite as heterogeneous catalyst. The electro-Fenton technology is an advanced oxidation process that is efficient for the degradation of organic pollutants, but it suffers from the high operating costs due to the need for power investment. For this reason, in this study microbial fuel cells (MFCs) were designed in order to supply electricity to electro-Fenton processes and to achieve high treatment efficiency at low cost. Initially, the effect of key parameters on the MFC power generation was evaluated. Afterwards, the degradation of Reactive Black 5 dye and phenanthrene was evaluated in an electro-Fenton reactor, containing iron-enriched zeolite as catalyst, using the electricity supplied by the MFC. Near complete dye decolourization and 78% of phenanthrene degradation were reached after 90 min and 30 h, respectively. Furthermore, preliminary reusability tests of the developed catalyst showed high degradation levels for successive cycles. The results permit concluding that the integrated system is adequate to achieve high treatment efficiency with low electrical consumption.

Key issues to consider when using alum sludge as substrate in constructed wetland

2015 ◽  
Vol 71 (12) ◽  
pp. 1775-1782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohong Zhao ◽  
Yaqian Zhao ◽  
Wenke Wang ◽  
Yongzhe Yang ◽  
Akintunde Babatunde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Constructed Wetland ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Aluminium Sulphate ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Alum Sludge ◽  
Biofilm Development

Globally, alum sludge is an easily, locally and largely available by-product from water treatment plants where aluminium sulphate is used as the coagulant for raw water purification. Owing to the high content of Al ions (29.7 ± 13.3% dry weight) in alum sludge and the strong affinity of Al ions to adsorb various pollutants especially phosphorus (P), alum sludge (in the form of dewatered cakes) has been investigated in recent years as a low-cost alternative substrate in constructed wetland (CW) systems to enhance the treatment efficiency especially for high strength P-containing wastewater. Long-term trials in different scales have demonstrated that the alum sludge-based CW is a promising technique with a two-pronged feature of using ‘waste’ for wastewater treatment. Alum sludge cakes in CW can serve as a medium for wetland plant growth, as a carrier for biofilm development and as a porous material for wastewater infiltration. After the intensive studies of the alum sludge-based CW system, this paper aims to address the key issues and concerns pertaining to this kind of CW system. These include: (1) Is alum sludge suitable for reuse in CWs? (2) Is Al released from the sludge a concern? (3) What is the lifespan of the alum sludge in CWs? (4) How can P be recovered from the used alum sludge? (5) Does clogging happen in alum sludge-based CW systems and what is the solution?

Formation Mechanism and the Solving Measures of Sediments in Surface Pipelines of ASP Flooding

2012 ◽  
Vol 550-553 ◽  
pp. 2981-2985
Author(s):  
Qing He Gao ◽  
Bao Hui Wang ◽  
Chun Hui Guo ◽  
Fan Kun Meng ◽  
Yi Can Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Treatment Efficiency ◽  
Strong Base ◽  
Water Jets ◽  
Asp Flooding ◽  
Silicon Ions ◽  
One Year ◽  
Liquid Flows ◽  
Pilot Tests

As a result of the base-rock corrosion effects and the suspension-carrying capability of polymer in the system of strong base ASP flooding, the concentration of silicon ions in reservoir liquid increases. As the liquid flows into the surface pipelines with tracer heating water injecting, thermodynamics and kinetics conditions change. Suspending power and pH value also decrease. Heavy oil (which content is more than 25%), silts, carbonates and silicates co-deposite, which can cause surface pipelines jamming and even production stopping. Physical or chemistry methods can prolong the rinsing cycles of surface pipelines. Pilot tests indicated that injecting resistance sedimentation agents cost little which had a long rinsing cycle above one year. Hot washing technology had a low cost but with a short rinsing cycle about 2-4 months and the treatment efficiency was easy influenced by the content of oil in blockages. Cavitating water jets technology had good effects and its rinsing cycle were 6 months but cost was high.

Decomposition of the metastable beta titanium alloy Ti-15-3

1983 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 264-265
Author(s):  
Y. L. Chen ◽  
S. Fujlshiro
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Alpha Phase ◽  
Thick Sheet ◽  
Omega Phase ◽  
Beta Titanium Alloy ◽  
Beta Titanium ◽  
Beta Matrix ◽  
Metastable Beta ◽  
Very High

Metastable beta titanium alloys have been known to have numerous advantages such as cold formability, high strength, good fracture resistance, deep hardenability, and cost effectiveness. Very high strength is obtainable by precipitation of the hexagonal alpha phase in a bcc beta matrix in these alloys. Precipitation hardening in the metastable beta alloys may also result from the formation of transition phases such as omega phase. Ti-15-3 (Ti-15V- 3Cr-3Al-3Sn) has been developed recently by TIMET and USAF for low cost sheet metal applications. The purpose of the present study was to examine the aging characteristics in this alloy.The composition of the as-received material is: 14.7 V, 3.14 Cr, 3.05 Al, 2.26 Sn, and 0.145 Fe. The beta transus temperature as determined by optical metallographic method was about 770°C. Specimen coupons were prepared from a mill-annealed 1.2 mm thick sheet, and solution treated at 827°C for 2 hr in argon, then water quenched. Aging was also done in argon at temperatures ranging from 316 to 616°C for various times.

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